臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究探討港區浚泥再利用製成輕質骨材的可行性，並藉由稻殼與牡犡殼添加及燒結溫度來探討不同燒製條件對骨材粒料工程特性(如燒失比、收縮率、吸水率、顆粒密度、開放孔隙、抗壓強度)之影響。結果顯示，稻殼添加比例越多，骨材試體燒失比則越高(稻殼添加至20 %，燒失量可高達21 %，乾顆粒密度下降至1.2 g/cm3)，藉此能得到更輕量化的骨材粒料，降低乾顆粒密度，但稻殼添加會使骨材試體內部孔隙變多，吸水率上升(以燒結1000 ℃，稻殼添加20 %為例，吸水率為40 %)。另一方面牡蠣殼添加能有效降低燒結所需的溫度，在燒結溫度1150℃就能提早進入到熔融態，使吸水率下降(以燒結1150 ℃，牡犡殼添加15 %為例，吸水率為1 %)，且透過燒結處理後也無二次重金屬溶出以及氯離子溶出之疑慮。在工程應用上需要低吸水率的骨材粒料時則可添加牡犡殼使降低試體所需的燒結溫度，藉此降低其吸水率。若需低顆粒密度則可利用添加稻殼增加燒失比降低乾顆粒密度。另可利用不同稻殼、牡蠣殼添加以及燒結溫度，依據原料本身特性來進行調整應用，就能得到符合乾顆粒密度小於2.0 g/cm3與吸水率小於18 %之輕質骨材粒料，藉此提升浚泥之再利用性能。本研究結果可在未來浚泥再利用以及骨材粒料燒製與工程應用上作為重要的參考依據。

This study explores the feasibility of lightweight aggregates (LWA) manufacturing for the reuse of dredged harbor sediments, and discusses the engineering properties of aggregates prepared with different sintering conditions, such as loss on ignition, shrinkage, water absorption, particle density, open porosity, and compressive strength, in terms of the addition of rice husk, oyster shell and sintering temperature. The results showed that the more rice husks were added, the higher the loss on ignition of the aggregates could be obtaned (the rice husk was added to 20 %, the loss on ignition was as high as 21 %, and the dry particle density was reduced to 1.2 g/cm3). By contrast, the addition of the rice husk increased the internal pores of the aggregate, and increased the water absorption (for example, adding 20 % of the rice husk at 1000 °C for sintering, the water absorption is 40 %). The addition of oyster shell can effectively reduce the sintering temperature required down to 1150 °C, which reaches the molten state of sediment, so that the water absorption is lowered (in the case of sintering 1150 °C, the oyster shell is added as 15 %, the water absorption is 1 %). In the case of engineering applications, an oyster shell can be added to reduce the sintering temperature required for the sintered samples, thereby reducing its water absorption. On the other hand, the addition of rice husk can be used to increase the loss on ignition and reduce the dry particle density. The addition of rice husks and oyster shells can also be applied to dredged sediments from different harbor location. There is no worry about the leaching of heavy metals from the sintered LWA samples. In addition, different rice husks, oyster shell addition and sintering temperature can be used for adjustment and application, and lightweight aggregate with a dry particle density of less than 2.0 g/cm3 and a water absorption of less than 18 % can be obtained, thereby improving the reuse of dredged sediment. The results of this study can be used as an important reference basis for the future reuse of sediment and the manufacturing and engineering application of aggregates.

目錄
中文摘要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 viii
表目錄 xi
第一章 前言 1
1.1 研究緣起 1
1.2 研究目的 2
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2.1 浚泥現況及應用 3
2.1.1 港區浚泥來源與處理 3
2.1.2 港區浚泥處置及應用性疑慮 6
2.1.3 港區浚泥於國內外再利用之研究 7
2.2 稻殼、牡犡殼現況與應用 9
2.2.1 稻殼來源與特性應用 9
2.2.2 牡犡殼來源與特性應用 10
2.3 輕質骨材應用與現況 12
2.3.1 輕質骨材特性與應用 13
2.3.2 製造輕質骨材的影響因子 14
2.3.3 輕質骨材燒製條件 20
2.3.4 輕質骨材於國內外之研究 25
第三章 實驗方法與儀器 26
3.1 研究架構 26
3.2 藥品與設備 28
3.2.1 實驗藥品 28
3.2.2 實驗設備及儀器 29
3.3 材料來源 31
3.3.1 港區浚泥 31
3.3.2 稻殼 31
3.3.3 牡蠣殼 31
3.4 試體製備與燒製過程 32
3.5 實驗方法及步驟 34
第四章 結果與討論 40
4.1 不同添加配比和燒結溫度下的骨材外觀差異 40
4.2 材料基礎物理化學性質 41
4.2.1 粒徑大小 41
4.2.2 成分組成 45
4.2.3 熱重/熱差分析 51
4.2.4 礦物結晶成分分析 54
4.3預熱條件以及燒結條件對於燒結骨材特性的影響 56
4.3.1 不同預熱條件對於燒結骨材特性的影響 56
4.3.2燒結溫度對於港區浚泥燒製骨材之特性影響 61
4.4 浚泥添加稻殼配比及不同燒結條件之特性影響 66
4.4.1 燒失量、收縮率與乾溼顆粒密度影響 67
4.4.2 吸水率與開放孔隙 68
4.4.3 抗壓強度及微觀結構 72
4.5 浚泥添加牡蠣殼配比及不同燒結條件之特性影響 74
4.5.1 燒失量、收縮率與乾溼顆粒密度影響 74
4.5.2 吸水率與開放孔隙 75
4.5.3 抗壓強度以及微觀結構 79
4.6 燒製程序以及輕質骨材特性相關性分析探討 81
4.7 對於不同港區浚泥之適用性以及危害性評估 84
4.8 探討燒製輕質骨材工程特性之影響 90
4.8.1 原料特性之影響 90
4.8.2 燒製條件控制之影響 91
4.9 骨材應用之潛力評估 92
4.10 骨材應用之氯離子疑慮 94
第五章 結論與建議 95
5.1 結論 95
5.2 建議 96
參考文獻 97

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