臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

第四代行動通訊「正交分頻多工」具有高頻譜使用率以及對抗多重路徑衰減所造成的碼間干擾等優點，因此在目前被廣泛的應用，例如:數位音頻、視訊廣播等大量高品質傳輸，但近年來隨著人們需求提高、技術創新以及物聯網發展，進而衍生出更高的數據傳輸率、更低的延遲率之更廣闊的新應用場景，同時也造成第四代行動通訊正交分頻多工技術逐漸的無法達成新場景所衍生出來的要求，因此發展第五代行動通訊已經成為重要的課題。為了因應新場景，目前有許多研究提出第五代行動通訊系統的候選波形，包含: 濾波正交分頻多工(Filtered Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, F-OFDM)、通用濾波多重載波(Universal Filtered Multiple Carrier, UFMC)、濾波器組多載波(Filter Bank Multiple Carrier, FBMC)等，上述波形解決了正交分頻多工技術因為旁瓣緩慢衰減而造成的高帶外發射缺點，同時提高了頻譜使用效率，因此是目前適合的候選波形之一。然而，雖然解決帶外發射的問題，卻也造成多載波技術無可避免的的高峰均功率比性能更嚴重的下降，高峰均功率比會讓訊號在經過高功率放大器時，造成嚴重的訊號失真。目前已經有許多研究者提出改善峰均功率比的方法，例如:裁切、部分傳輸序列、選擇性映射、音調保留、星座擴展等技術。本篇論文提出一種利用渦輪加速法結合部分傳輸序列及自適應音調保留技術降低OFDM、F-OFDM、UFMC中的峰均功率比，並且在不同的子載波數量、調變方式環境下進行模擬，根據模擬結果顯示，我們所提出之方法，雖然會犧牲些微頻率譜密度(Power Spectral Density, PSD)性能但相較於先前的方法有最優越的峰均功率比(Peak-to-Average Power Ratio, PAPR)性能，在不同的環境中我們所提出的方法在OFDM系統中與Original OFDM相比平均約改善了5dB，約等於 51%的PAPR性能改善；在F-OFDM系統中與Original F-OFDM約改善了4dB，約等於44%的PAPR性能改善；在UFMC系統中因為受子載波及調變環境的影響較大，但平均而言仍有近60%的改善值，此外在誤碼率(Bit Error Rate, BER)性能上與Original相比也有些微的改善。

The fourth-generation mobile communication "Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing" has the advantages of high spectrum utilization and resistance to inter-symbol interference caused by multipath attenuation. Therefore, it is widely used at present, such as digital audio and video broadcasting. Quality transmission, but in recent years, with the improvement of people’s demand, technological innovation and the development of the Internet of Things, new and broader application scenarios with higher data transmission rates and lower delay rates have been derived. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing technology for mobile communications is gradually unable to meet the requirements derived from new scenarios, so the development of fifth generation mobile communications has become an important topic. In order to cope with new scenarios, many studies have proposed candidate waveforms for fifth-generation mobile communication systems, such as Filtered Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(F-OFDM), Universal Filtered Multiple Carrier(UFMC), Filter Bank Multiple Carrier(FBMC), etc. The above-mentioned waveforms solve the shortcomings of high out-of-band emission caused by the slow attenuation of side lobes in the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing technology, and at the same time improve the efficiency of spectrum. So it is currently one of the suitable candidate waveforms. However, although the problem of out-of-band emission(OOBE) is solved, it also causes the unavoidable peak-to-average power ratio(PAPR) performance of multi-carrier technology to be more severely degraded. The PAPR will cause serious signal distortion when the signal passes through the high-power amplifier. At present, many researchers have proposed methods to improve the PAPR, such as clipping, Partial Transmission Sequence(PTS), Selective Mapping(SLM), Tone Reservation(TR), and constellation expansion. This paper proposes a method to reduce the PAPR in OFDM, F-OFDM, and UFMC using turbo acceleration combined with PTS and adaptive TR technology, and to simulate under different subcarrier numbers and modulation methods. According to the simulation results, our proposed method, although it will sacrifice some micro frequency spectral density (Power Spectral Density, PSD) performance, has the most superior PAPR performance. In different environments, our proposed method has an average improvement of about 5dB compared with Original OFDM in an OFDM system, which is equivalent to a 51% improvement in PAPR performance. In F-OFDM systems, it is approximately equal to Original F-OFDM. Improved by 4dB, which is approximately equal to 44% improvement in PAPR performance. In the UFMC system, due to the greater impact of sub-carrier and modulation environment, there is still an improvement of nearly 60% on average. In addition, the bit error rate (Bit Error Rate, BER) The performance is also slightly improved compared to Original.

摘要 ...i
Abstract ...iii
誌謝 ...v
目錄 ...vi
表目錄 ...viii
圖目錄 ...ix
符號說明 ...xi
第一章 緒論 ...1
1.1前言 ...1
1.2動機 ...1
第二章 背景知識 ...3
2.1 正交分頻多工(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, OFDM) ...3
2.2 濾波正交分頻多工(Filtered Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, F-OFDM) ...4
2.3 通用濾波多重載波(Universal Filtered Multiple Carrier, UFMC) ...6
2.4 部分傳輸序列(Partial Transmission Sequence, PTS) ...7
2.4.1 OFDM系統上的 PTS ...7
2.4.2 F-OFDM系統上的PTS ...8
2.4.3 UFMC系統上的PTS ...9
2.5 選擇性映射(Selective Mapping, SLM) ...10
2.6 音調保留(Tone Reservation, TR) ...11
2.7 峰均功率比(Peak-to-Average Power Ratio, PAPR) ...12
第三章 研究內容與方法 ...13
3.1 利用渦輪加速法結合PTS及TR之方法階段一 ...14
3.2 利用渦輪加速法結合PTS及TR之方法階段二 ...15
第四章 模擬結果 ...20
4.1 OFDM PAPR ...20
4.2 F-OFDM PAPR ...32
4.3 UFMC PAPR ...44
4.4 提出之方法迭代次數與PAPR和α關係探討 ...56
4.5 PSD 58
4.6 BER 62
第五章 結論 ...65
5.1 結論 ...65
5.2 未來展望 ...65
參考文獻 ...66
附錄一 名稱縮寫說明 ...74
Extended Abstract ...76
Abstract ...76
1. Introduction ...77
2. System Model ...78
A. OFDM Systems and PAPR ...78
B. Partial Transmission Sequence (PTS) ...79
C. Tone Reservation(TR) ...80
3. Proposed Method ...80
4. Simulation and Discussions ...84
5. Conclusions ...87
References ...87

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