臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來電子產品日新月異，功能愈來愈強而體積卻愈來愈小，因此在尺寸效應的縮減下，靜電對於電子產品的影響則愈為顯著，抗靜電已成為電子製造業不可避免的問題。傳統上，抗靜電材料的開發一般皆視不同客戶需求而開模製備，造成時間與金錢成本的負擔，然而3D列印技術的開發被視為可有效改善此問題;此外，由於目前市售的3D列印材質/樹脂在抗靜電功能上多半無法達到無塵室規定，因此本研究擬以抗靜電劑添加於3D列印用光固化樹脂並探討該材料的可行性。
本研究目的是使用3D列印中的立體微影技術（Stereo Lithography Apparatus；SLA）來製造，需要經由開模製造的，且須有抗靜電性能用來吸取電子元件的特規吸嘴，我們選用了壓克力系統的紫外線固化樹脂混摻的兩性離子抗靜電液，印製成特規吸嘴。再利用恆壓寬範圍歐姆表測量吸嘴表面電阻值，結果顯示在混摻5%的兩性離子抗靜電液所印製的吸嘴表面電阻平均值在1"×109" 至"1×1010" （"Ω" /cm2）區間，並且效果維持長達三個月。
另外，本研究亦使用FT-IR測量混摻5%抗靜電劑後的樹脂與原樹脂的差異，此外本實驗也使用UV-VIS、黏度計、萬能拉力試驗機來進行物性的比較，黏度結果顯示，改質後的樹脂與原樹脂相比黏度有微幅下降，但經由實際上機作業與完成品觀察，該黏度微幅降低並未影響作業性與成形，此外光學性能方面經由UV-VIS的測試下，在波長395nm~405nm改質後的樹脂透射率與原樹脂相比略減1至2%，減少的幅度並不影響作業過程的固化程度。最後，在拉伸測試方面結果顯示該改質後的樹脂整體物理機械性能都比原樹脂略微降低，但是其性能仍然足以應用在一般工業製程物件，由上述測試證明本研究對改善固化品的抗靜電性能極具可行性。
關鍵字：3D列印、紫外線固化、抗靜電、離子液體

The electronic product has been changing quickly with its stronger function and smaller size in recent years. It is a more important issue of static electricity on smaller products, and ant-static is quite a question for electronic product manufacturing. In tradition, it is necessary for different customers’ requirement to make different molds, these will increase loading, of cost and time. It is believed that 3D printing could decrease the loadings, however, the antistatic ability of commercial resin material used by 3D printing can’t meet the requirement of clean room’s level.
This study investigated the optimal mixing formula of the zwitterionic antistatic liquids with raw material acrylic resin for 3D printing. The kinds of 3D printing method used in this study was stereo lithography for molding articles , and the resistance of molded samples were measured by a constant voltage side range ohmmeter , the results showed 1×109 to 1×1010（"Ω" /cm2）for three months at least when the mixing ratio was 5%（antistatic liquids to total amount of formula）.
The study also used FT-IR, UV-VIS, Viscometer and universal tensile testing machine to analyze the molded samples. The FT-IR characteristic peaks of antistatic liquids were in the wave number of 2960cm-1（C-H）,1290 cm-1（SO2）and 1182 cm-1（C-F）, and also the same peaks were found in the mixing formula. On the other hands, there was only slightly drop for the viscosity of mixing formula, and this drop didn’t affect its workability of the 3D printing. For transmittance of resin, however, even the mixing system showed only 1~2% lower than the original one under the same UV-VIS test condition and its decrease for the tensile test, the material developed by mixing antistatic liquids could still perform enough ability for general industrial applications.
Keywords: 3D Printing, UV Curing, Antistatic, Ionic Liquid.

摘要 I
Abstract III
誌謝 V
總目錄 VI
表目錄 VIII
圖目錄 IX
第一章 緒論 1
1-1前言 1
1-2研究背景與動機 2
1-3研究目的 4
第二章 文獻回顧 5
2-1 3D列印技術的種類 5
2-1-1 材料擠製成型技術(熔融沉積成型) 6
2-1-2 光聚合固化技術 8
2-1-3 粉床熔化成型技術 9
2-1-4 FDM、SLA與SLS列印技術比較 10
2-2 紫外光固化樹脂材料與原理 12
2-2-1 反應性單體（Reactive Monomer） 14
2-2-2 寡聚物（Oligomer）17
2-2-3 光引發劑（Potoinitiator）19
2-2-4 光固化原理 21
2-3 靜電原理與抗靜電方法 24
2-3-1 靜電原理 24
2-3-2 靜電釋放（ESD）26
2-3-3 抗靜電的方法與機構 28
2-3-4 抗靜電添加劑 29
2-3-5 離子液體 33
第三章 實驗 37
3-1 實驗架構圖 37
3-2 材料與藥品 38
3-3 實驗裝置圖 39
3-4 儀器設備 40
3-5 實驗配方設計 41
3-5-1 Sample Code 編碼方法: 41
3-6 實驗步驟 42
3-6-1 兩性離子抗靜電劑與紫外光固化樹脂的摻混 42
3-6-2 列印模型之設計與繪製 42
3-6-3 表面電阻量測與物性量測 43
第四章 結果與討論 48
4-1 光固化樹脂混摻抗靜電劑靜電消散性能鑑定 48
4-1-1 UVA與UVA4-1電阻量測結果 49
4-1-2 UVA4-3與UVA4-4電阻量測結果 50
4-1-3 （1）UVA4-5與（2）UVA4-5電阻量測結果 52
4-1-4 表面電阻與效能維持時間統計 53
4-2 抗靜電劑與樹脂混摻之FTIR分析 55
4-3 混摻抗靜電劑後樹脂之黏度變化測定 56
4-4 樹脂混摻靜電劑之物理機械性質 57
4-5 樹脂混摻靜電劑的光學性質 58
第五章 結論 60
第六章 參考文獻 61

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