本研究所試驗的同軸連接器形式為SMPM，它具有體積小、高頻寬及高傳輸效率等優點，本研究集合上述優點之後設計一款SMPM彈簧式同軸連接器，以彈簧的做動行程去改變同軸連接器的長度，在彈簧做動的期間保持良好的電氣特性，藉由彈簧行程的改變，使信號能夠在易震動或是經常性改變空間大小的環境下正常傳輸，並以SMP彈簧式同軸連接器進行比較。
設計過程中以美國軍方所定義的同軸連接器規範MIL-STD-348為基礎進行設計，制定電氣規格為頻率DC-20GHz及VSWR 1.30 max.，並以Smooth bore的連接形式計算彈簧張力，因此彈簧預壓時的張力為2 LBS min.，另外也設計了彈簧防脫離機構，藉由此機構去確保彈簧做動時不會因為彈簧張力過大驅使連接器界面兩端分離；設計完成後以CST進行電氣特性模擬，將此機構所能夠達到的電氣特性進行最佳化模擬；模擬完成就進行到零件生產的部分，除了彈簧之外材料皆使用圓棒材，並用Starスター精密株式會社的走心式CNC自動車床生產，彈簧則是使用彈簧線，由CNC彈簧成型機生產；零件生產完成即進入組裝試驗的階段，其主要試驗內容是使用拉力測試機測試彈簧張力及彈簧防脫離機構，最後則是使用向量網路分析儀量測及分析其電氣特性，主要分析項目為靜態測試及動態測試，並和SMP彈簧式同軸連接器進行比較。
實驗結果顯示最初所制定的規格是完全符合的，且不管是動態或靜態測試，SMPM的使用頻率及VSWR都明顯優於SMP彈簧式同軸連接器；由上述結果得知特性阻抗越接近50Ω，VSWR越佳，其原因為阻抗值在50Ω時，傳輸功率最大，反射損耗最小，且頻率越高，特性阻抗對於VSWR的影響越大；另外也得知中心導體的表面粗糙度越小，VSWR越佳，主要因素在於集膚效應的產生，當訊號通過中心導體表面時，表面越光滑，電氣特性會越佳，明顯對於同軸連接器有一定程度的影響。

The coaxial connector tested in this research was a SMPM design, which has the advantages of small size, high bandwidth and high transmission efficiency, such that a SMPM spring load coaxial connector was designed with the above features to change the length of the coaxial connector by spring stroke to maintain good electrical properties during the spring movement. By changing the stroke of the spring, the signal can be properly transmitted in an environment prone to vibration or frequency change in space size. This design would also be compared with SMP spring load coaxial connector.
The design was based on the coaxial connector of MIL-STD-348 specification defined by the U.S. Military. The electrical parameters were set to a frequency of DC-20GHz and VSWR 1.30 max., and the spring tension in the form of Smooth Bore connection was calculated to yield a pre-load tension of 2lbs/min. In addition, an anti-disengagement mechanism was also designed for the spring to ensure that the two ends of the connector interface would not decouple under excessive spring tension in motion. Once designed, its electrical properties were simulated by CST to obtain the optimal range before moving to production. Except for the spring, all other components would use round bars, and were produced by using the Swiss-type CNC lathe by STAR MICRONICS CO., LTD. The spring was produced through a metal wire by another CNC machine tool. The entire apparatus was then assembled and tested, including its spring tension and the action of anti-disengagement mechanism. Finally, the electrical characteristics were measured and analyzed using a vector network analyzer, including its dynamic and static parameters. Moreover, it was compared with SMP spring load coaxial connector.
The experimental results, regardless of dynamic or static testing, all showed that the initial specifications were fully compliant with objectives, where the frequency of SMPM and VSWR were significantly better than those of a SMP spring load coaxial connector. As seen in the above results, it was observed that the closer the characteristic impedance was to 50Ω, the better the VSWR would be, for which the reason was that when the impedance value was 50Ω, the transmission power peaked, the reflection loss was the minimum and the frequency maxed, resulting in a greater influence on VSWR by the characteristic impedance. It was also known that smoother surface of the center conductor would result in better VSWR, primarily because of the skin effect. When the signal passed through the surface of the center conductor, a smoother surface would exhibit better electrical conductivity properties, which would obviously have a certain degree of influence on the coaxial connector.

摘要 i
Abstract iii
致謝 v
目錄 vi
圖目錄 ix
表目錄 xii
符號說明 xiii
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 文獻回顧 2
1-3 研究動機 12
第二章 基礎理論 14
2-1 電磁波頻譜 14
2-2 傳輸線理論 15
2-2-1 傳輸線理論基礎 15
2-2-2 傳輸線方程式 16
2-3 阻抗 18
2-3-1 特性阻抗 18
2-3-2 阻抗匹配 18
2-3-3 反射係數 19
2-4 S參數 21
第三章 實驗內容 23
3-1 實驗步驟 23
3-1-1 實驗流程 23
3-1-2 連接器機構設計及電氣特性模擬 25
3-1-3 零件生產及組裝 26
3-1-4 電氣特性測試 27
3-2 向量網路分析儀與量測 29
3-2-1 向量網路分析儀 29
3-2-2 特性阻抗及截止頻率計算 30
3-2-3 VSWR及Return loss計算 31
3-2-4 彈簧張力計算 32
3-3 實驗設備、材料與模擬軟體 33
3-3-1 實驗設備 33
3-3-2 實驗材料 35
3-3-3 實驗模擬軟體 36
3-4 數據分析 37
第四章 結果與討倫 38
4-1 SMPM彈簧式同軸連接器電氣特性模擬 38
4-1-1 電氣特性模擬分析 38
4-1-2 彈簧做動模擬分析 41
4-2 SMPM彈簧式同軸連接器電氣特性最佳化模擬 42
4-3 SMPM彈簧式同軸連接器連接機構 47
4-3-1 防脫離機構 47
4-3-2 彈簧機構 49
4-4 SMPM彈簧式同軸連接器尺寸 50
4-4-1 介面尺寸 50
4-4-2 彈簧做動尺寸 51
4-5 VNA靜態測試 52
4-5-1 SMPM彈簧式同軸連接器靜態測試 52
4-5-2 SMP與SMPM彈簧式同軸連接器之電氣特性 54
4-5-3 集膚效應(Skin Effect) 56
4-6 VNA動態測試 57
4-7 實驗結果 64
第五章 結論 66
參考文獻 69

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