臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來，Wi-Fi通信技術已被廣泛應用在工業、企業和家用產品中，對於業者和消費者而言，延長產品的使用時間是一直追求的目標。本論文使用基於漣波控制技術來實現降壓轉換器，所採用的近零電流感測電路在電感電流釋能至接近零時，可立即關閉下橋功率電晶體來消除逆向電感電流及提升功率轉換效率。另外，在降壓轉換器啟動時，上橋和下橋功率電晶體的閘極電位若被耦合至高電位，將導致降壓轉換器無法順利儲能，以致降壓轉換器無法順利啟動，本論文提出具啟動復歸之關閉時間產生電路，可讓上橋功率電晶體在啟動時成功進入儲能狀態，使得降壓轉換器得以順利啟動。本論文的電路設計與實現是採用TSMC 0.35 μm Mixed-Signal 2P4M Polycide 5 V製程，所實現的降壓轉換器可將5 V電源電壓穩定降壓至3.3 V，晶片面積為1.065 mm2，在降壓轉換器於10－ 200 mA的負載操作下，可獲得89.6% － 95.1%的功率轉換效率。

In recent years, Wi-Fi communication technology has been widely utilized in industrial, commercial, and household products. For industry and consumers, extending the use of products is a goal that has been pursued. The proposed buck converter adopted the near-zero current sensor to immediately turn off the low-side power transistor to eliminate the reverse inductor current and improve the power efficiency when the inductor current discharges to near zero. In addition, when the buck converter is started, the gates of the low-side power transistor and the high-side power transistor are set a high voltage, which will cause the buck converter to fail. This thesis proposes an off-time generator with start-up reset, which allows the high-side power transistor to successfully enter the energy storage state during start-up, so that the buck converter can be started smoothly. The proposed buck converter was designed and fabricated by using TSMC 0.35 μm Mixed-Signal 2P4M Polycide 5 V process. The proposed buck converter can regulate the 5 V to 3.3 V and the chip area is 1.065 mm2. The measured power efficiency of 89.6% – 95.1% can be obtained at a load current of 10 – 200 mA.

摘要...i
Abstract...ii
誌謝...iii
目錄...iv
表目錄...vi
圖目錄...vii
第一章 緒論...1
1.1研究動機...1
1.2研究背景...2
1.3論文架構...3
第二章 切換式降壓轉換器技術介紹...4
2.1切換式降壓轉換器...4
2.2切換式降壓轉換器效能分析...6
2.2.1 輸出電壓漣波(Output Voltage Ripple)...6
2.2.2 負載調節率(Load Regulation)...9
2.2.3 線性調節率(Line Regulation)...9
2.2.4 功率轉換效率(Power Efficiency)...10
2.3切換式降壓轉換器架構介紹...11
2.3.1電壓模式(Voltage Mode)...11
2.3.2電流模式(Current Mode)...13
2.3.3遲滯控制 (Hysteretic Control)...14
2.3.4固定導通時間控制 (Constant On-Time)...15
2.3.5 V2控制 (Voltage2 Control)...16
2.3.6 控制架構總結...17
2.4降壓轉換器之啟動狀態...18
2.4.1功率電晶體閘極電位...18
2.4.2栓鎖器無法判定啟動電位...21
第三章 應用於無線網路模組之降壓轉換器...22
3.1控制電路的設計與功能介紹...23
3.1.1峰值電流感測電路...23
3.1.2具啟動復歸之關閉時間產生電路...26
3.1.3逆向電感電流探討...28
3.1.4近零電流感測電路...29
3.1.5不連續導通模式控制電路...32
3.1.6振鈴現象探討...34
3.1.7抗振鈴電路...36
3.2疊接偏壓電路的設計...37
3.2.1偏壓電路...37
3.2.2疊接偏壓電路...39
第四章 實驗結果...44
4.1晶片微照圖...44
4.2量測結果...45
4.2.1啟動量測...46
4.2.2輸出電壓漣波...46
4.2.3負載暫態響應...48
4.2.4負載調節率...50
4.2.5線性調節率...51
4.2.6功率轉換效率...52
4.3整體電路效能...55
4.4應用於無線網路模組產品...56
4.4.1 ESP8266 Wi-Fi模組...56
4.4.2與產品效能比較...60
第五章 結論與未來展望...61
5.1結論...61
5.2未來展望...61
參考文獻...62
Extended Abstract...64

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