本研究針對3D列印技術中的列印溫度與填充率的操縱變因對材料的機械性質之影響進行探討，其中採用聚乳酸 (Polylactic Acid, PLA) 材料進行熔融沉積成形技術(Fused Deposition Modeling, FDM)之3D列印並研究該材料之拉伸與硬度特性，同時亦探討試件經過退火與紫外光固化後處理對 PLA 材料機械性質影響。研究結果顯示，列印溫度與退火溫度對PLA材料之機械性質有正向影響，尤其在列印溫度225°C與退火90°C列印之試片；而退火後的試片再經過紫外光固化其試件之拉伸強度與楊氏模數的機械性能明顯下降，顯示光固化對退火後的PLA材料之機械性質具有相當程度之負面影響，另外硬度試片經過退火後硬度值提升；而退火後再經過紫外光固化其硬度值沒有改變，顯示紫外光照射僅對退火後的PLA材料之拉伸材料性質有影響，對硬度則無影響。

This study discusses the influence of the manipulation variables of printing temperature and filling rate on the mechanical properties of materials in 3D printing technology. Polylactic Acid (PLA) materials are used for 3D printing by Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) and the tensile and hardness properties of the materials are studied. At the same time, the effects of annealing and UV curing on the mechanical properties of PLA materials are also investigated. The research results show that the printing temperature and annealing temperature have a positive effect on the mechanical properties of PLA materials, especially the test pieces printed at a printing temperature of 225°C and annealed at 90°C; and the mechanical properties of the tensile strength and Young's modulus of the annealed test pieces are significantly reduced after UV curing, which shows that light curing has a considerable negative impact on the mechanical properties of the PLA materials after annealing. In addition, the hardness of the test pieces increases after annealing; and after annealing, the hardness value of the UV curing There is no change, showing that the UV light only affects the tensile material properties of the annealed PLA material, but has no effect on the hardness.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
致謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 研究背景 1
1.2.1 FDM退火相關文獻探討 1
1.2.2紫外光固化探討文獻 4
1.3 研究方法 5
1.4 研究架構 5
1.5 研究限制 6
第二章 基本原理 7
2.1 3D列印技術- FDM 7
2.2 聚乳酸高分子材料 8
2.3 熱處理 9
2.3.1退火 9
2.3.2熱固性聚合物(thermosetting polymer)與熱塑性聚合物(thermoplastic polymer) 10
2.3.3玻璃轉換溫度（Glass Transition Temperature，TG），結晶溫度(Crystallization Temperature，TC)，熔點（Melting Temperature，TM） 11
2.4 機械性質量測 12
2.4.1 拉伸試驗 12
2.4.2 硬度試驗 15
第三章 研究方法 16
3.1 實驗介紹 16
3.2 實驗設備 16
3.2.1 3D列印機 16
3.2.2 硬度計 17
3.2.3 紫外光(UV)固化機 19
3.2.4 萬能材料試驗機 20
3.2.5熱風循環烘箱 22
3.3 切片軟體 23
3.4 實驗試片 27
3.4.1 ASTM D638拉伸試片 27
3.4.2 ASTMD 2240 硬度試片 28
3.5 實驗流程 29
第四章 實驗結果與 31
4.1 拉伸試驗 31
4.1.1 應力應變圖 31
4.1.2楊氏模數與最大抗拉強度 35
4.2硬度試驗 46
第五章 結論與建議 48
5.2建議 49
第六章 參考文獻 50

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