臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

高雄市政府為提高建商施工品質，於二〇一六年就管理目的開發資料庫形式 的建築生產履歷，供建商紀錄施工期間必須勘驗部分的檢查結果。隨著BIM受到建築、工程和營造(AEC)產業的重視，導入BIM的建商可以額外將整個建築生命週期中施工階段的查核記錄儲存於BIM模型中，一方面提高BIM的使用價值。建築物生產履歷推動的目的在於提昇業界施工品質，讓消費者感受到業者負責的態度以獲得消費者的信任。區塊鏈(Blockchain)擁有去中心化、保密性、不變性、代幣化以及分散性等特性，適合應用於過往資料的追溯與驗證。截至目前為止，區塊鏈已進邁向3.0階段的多領域應用，並以以太坊(Ethereum)為代表。本研究基於區塊鏈的本質來探討區塊鏈的應用，提出「生產履歷建築物」認證應用，將區塊鏈的驗證能力應用於建商品質保證的驗證及認證作業。本研究開發區塊鏈網路模組配合認證業務的推動。區塊鏈上的資料公開透明，本研究使用的外部帳戶(EOA)和智能合約帳戶(CA)相關紀錄都可以在公共區塊鏈網路上檢視。最後本研究在研究成果檢討中，提出關於區塊鏈在解決方案的角色、底層技術應用和改變商業模式應用的檢討。

For enhancing quality assurance of building construction in Kaohsiung, the City Government had developed a database-based building construction traceability system base on management purpose in 2016. It provides for builders to store a check data of necessary inspection during the construction phase. The other hand, BIM (building information moulding) is being valued by the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry, builders who import BIM can prepare an additional use to store the inspection data of the construction phase of the building life-cycle in the BIM model, which increase the use-valued of BIM. The purpose of building construction traceability system development is improving the quality management of this industry so that consumers can feel the responsible attitude of the industry and a company in the industry can gain the trust of consumers. Blockchain has the features of decentralization, encryption, immutability, tokenization, and distribution, and is suitable to the traceability and verification of history data. Now, the blockchain has begun the 3.0 stage of multi-field applications and is represented by Ethereum. This study explores the "applying blockchain to building traceability" within the essence of blockchain to proposes the application of "Traceability building" accreditation and applies the certification ability of blockchain to the accreditation and certification of builders' quality assurance. The study developed the blockchain modules to cooperate with the accreditation business. Because anything on the blockchain is transparent, the related records of externally owned account (EOA) and contract account (CA) used in this study can be viewed on the public blockchain network. Finally, in the discussion of research results, this study proposes regarding blockchain opinions of the role of blockchain in solutions, the application of underlying technology, and the application of improving business models.

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
致 謝 iii
目 錄 iv
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景和動機 1
1.2 研究目的 4
1.3 研究範圍與限制 5
1.4 研究流程 6
1.5 章節架構 7
第二章 文獻回顧與探討 8
2.1 區塊鏈與創新 8
2.2 生產履歷在農業食品產業的發展 9
2.2.1 什麼是生產履歷 9
2.2.2 生產履歷的發展 10
2.2.3 農委會產銷履歷農產品資訊網 11
2.2.4 小結 16
2.3 建築物生產履歷的演進與發展 17
2.3.1 建築物的生產與品質管理 17
2.3.2 建築物生產履歷的演進 20
2.3.3 建築物生產履歷與農產品產銷履歷的比較 24
2.3.4 建築物生產履歷的發展方向 29
2.3.5 小結 32
2.4 區塊鏈及其重要特性 33
2.4.1 區塊鏈的誕生與演進 33
2.4.2 區塊鏈的重要特性 35
2.4.3 區塊鏈的公私鑰加密驗證 37
2.4.4 區塊鏈的共識機制 39
2.4.5 區塊鏈的分類與比較 45
2.4.6 與本研究有關的小結 48
2.5 區塊鏈應用探討 49
2.5.1 應用區塊鏈的趨勢與發展 49
2.5.2 智能合約 51
2.5.3 Token與ERC20 53
2.5.4 以Token掌握產品轉換過程的供應鏈 56
2.5.5 防止假酒的供應鏈生產履歷 57
2.5.6 工程數位貨幣奬勵下的建築協作模式 58
2.5.7 紀錄學習歷程的學習履歷認證平台 59
2.5.8 應用區塊鏈驗證律師證書資料 60
2.5.9 區塊鏈應用探討的結論 64
第三章 研究方法 69
3.1 研究架構 69
3.2 以太坊區塊鏈網路 71
3.2.1 以太坊區塊鏈主要元件 71
3.2.2 元資料的規格 75
3.3 Solidity智能合約 76
3.4 智能合約部署上鏈的方法 77
3.4.1 以太坊網路種類 77
3.4.2 部署智能合約到公共區塊鏈網路 79
3.4.3 測試智能合約的寫入資料功能 81
3.4.4 智能合約上鏈後的交易紀綠讀取測試 82
3.5 關於研究方法的結論 84
第四章 研究設計與執行 86
4.1 前提概述 86
4.2 情境規劃與設計 90
4.2.1 情境規劃與作業流程 90
4.2.2 智能合約主要功能規劃 92
4.2.3 使用功能型代幣進行認證程序 93
4.2.4 提出智能合約上鏈及實作步驟 95
4.3 智能合約設計 97
4.3.1 狀態變數設計 97
4.3.2 定義事件及觸發事件的設計 99
4.3.3 函數修飾子設計 100
4.3.4 宣告函數 101
4.3.5 發出授權和執行認證 104
4.4 在公共區塊鏈實作及實測 106
4.5 研究成果檢討 114
4.5.1 區塊鏈在解決方案中的角色 114
4.5.2 底層技術應用和改變商業模式的應用 117
第五章 結論與建議 122
參考文獻 125

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