中小企業位居推動臺灣經濟發展的重要角色，但因職業安全衛生落實不足，職業災害案例層出不窮。本研究旨在了解屏東縣百人以下中小型企業工作者(含雇主、員工、自營作業者及無一定雇主者)之安全衛生觀念與職業安全衛生工作執行現況，期許供相關單位因地制宜、安排協助之參考。
參考勞動部「推行職業安全衛生優良單位及人員選拔作業要點」之推行職業安全衛生優良單位推薦表，採用紙本問卷收集法並配合屏東縣政府參與推動中小企業工作環境輔導改善計畫之臨場輔導、協助工作，進行隨機問卷發放調查，共計發放401份，回收366份。
在安全衛生認知方面，承攬管理為最受測者最缺乏的觀念，其次為重複性作業等促發肌肉骨骼疾病預防措施，再者為針對母性健康進行評估與保護，此三項排名前三名。而個人因素之中，年齡則會對安全衛生認知有顯著性影響。分析結果顯示，21~40歲工作者之安全衛生認知總分高於61歲以上工作者。職業安全衛生績效部分，執行情形最不良者，依序為重複性作業危害、母性健康保護與承攬作業前危害告知等三項。組織因素面向當中，行業別、任職單位鄉鎮與規模均與職業安全衛生績效有顯著性相關。結果顯示，製造業優於營造與服務業、屏南地區優於偏鄉地區，而任職30~99人規模單位優於29人以下規模者。
主管機關及相關單位可依本研究相關分析結果，安排屏東縣職業安全衛生工作強化重點，提升轄內中小型企業的安全衛生認知與績效，藉以降低職業傷病發生率。

Small and medium-sized enterprises play an important role in promoting Taiwan's economic development. However, due to insufficient implementation of occupational safety and health, occupational disasters are constantly emerging. The purpose of this study is to understand the safety and health concepts and the current status of occupational safety and health work of workers in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) including employers, employees, self-employed persons and those without certain employers of Pingtung County with less than 100 employees. It is expected to provide reference for relevant units to adjust measures to local conditions and arrange assistance.
Refer to the recommendation form of the Ministry of Labor "Promoting Excellent Occupational Safety and Health Units and Personnel Selection Operations", adopt the paper questionnaire collection method and cooperate with the Pingtung County Government to participate in the promotion of SMEs working environment counseling improvement plan on the spot counseling, assisting in work, conducting random questionnaire surveys. A total of 401 copies were distributed and 366 copies were recovered.
In terms of safety and health awareness, contracter management is the most lacking concept among the testees, followed by repetitive tasks and other preventive measures that promote musculoskeletal diseases, and the assessment and protection of maternal health are among the top three. Among the personal factors, age will have a significant impact on the perception of safety and health. The analysis results show that the total safety and health awareness score of workers aged 21-40 is higher than that of workers over 61 years old. In the occupational safety and health performance section, those with the worst performance are listed in order of repetitive work hazards, maternal health protection and hazard induction of contracter. Among the organizational factors, industry category, work unit, township, and scale are all significantly related to occupational safety and health performance. The results show that the manufacturing industry is superior to the construction and service industries, the Pingnan area is superior to the rural areas, and the units with 30 to 99 employees are superior to those with less than 29 employees.
Competent authorities and related units can, based on the relevant analysis results of this study, arrange to strengthen the focus of occupational safety and health in Pingtung County, improve the safety and health awareness and performance of SMEs within their jurisdiction, thereby reducing the incidence of occupational injury among workers.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
致謝 iv
目錄 v
表目錄 viii
圖目錄 x
第一章、緒論 1
1.1研究動機 1
1.2研究目的 3
第二章、文獻回顧 4
2.1安全衛生認知 4
2.2職業安全衛生績效 6
2.3各行業對職業安全衛生之執行狀態 7
2.3.1製造業 7
2.3.2營造業 8
2.3.3服務業 11
2.3.4小結 11
第三章、研究方法 12
3.1研究架構與假設 12
3.2研究範圍及對象 14
3.2.1母群體 14
3.2.2樣本 14
3.3研究變項操作性定義與衡量工具 15
3.3.1中小企業 15
3.3.2安全衛生認知 15
3.3.3職業安全衛生績效 15
3.3.4安全衛生教育訓練 18
3.4研究工具 19
3.5問卷設計 19
3.5.1安全衛生認知 19
3.5.2職業安全衛生績效 20
3.5.3職業安全衛生滿意度 23
3.5.4小結 23
3.6資料處理及統計分析工具 23
第四章、結果與討論 25
4.1問卷資料分析 25
4.1.1施測過程說明 25
4.1.2問卷回收概況 25
4.1.3受測者個人基本資料統計分析 26
4.1.4受測者個人基本資料變項分析 33
4.2信效度分析 38
4.3安全衛生認知統計分析 41
4.3.1安全衛生認知總分 41
4.3.2各題項認知重要程度 41
4.3.3安全衛生認知與個人基本資料之變項分析 45
4.4職業安全衛生績效統計分析 46
4.4.1職業安全衛生績效總分 46
4.4.2各題項職業安全衛生績效執行情形 47
4.4.3職業安全衛生績效與個人基本資料之變項分析 50
4.5職業安全衛生滿意度 52
4.6職業安全衛生重要程度－執行情形分析(IPA) 53
4.7安全衛生認知與職業安全衛生績效之線性迴歸 54
4.8研究假設成立情形 55
4.9研究限制 55
第五章、結論與建議 56
5.1結論 56
5.2建議 56
參考文獻 57
附錄：問卷樣態 59

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