臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文提出全負載範圍操作之高功率密度低電壓漣波直流轉直流電壓轉換器，本文 所提出的同相電流補償技術成功解決次諧波振盪、改善輸出偏移電壓和獲得小的輸出電 壓漣波。另外，本論文提出非重疊時脈小尺寸閘極驅動器，產生的不重疊時脈訊號有效 避免了上橋功率電晶體及下橋功率電晶體的同時導通，進而改善 Shoot-Through Current 的功率損耗和提高轉換器之功率轉換效率，同時也大幅縮小了晶片面積。
本文晶片是採用 TSMC 0.18-μm CMOS 1.8V/3.3V 1P6M 製程來設計與實現，量測結 果顯示所實現的降壓轉換器可將 3.3 V 輸入電壓穩定降壓至 1.5V，並在負載 10 mA–1 A 操作下可獲得82.5 %–90.7 %的功率轉換效率，而輸出電壓漣波被有效的控制在3.17 mV–12.1 mV 和負載調節率為 0.025 mV/mA，所實現的晶片面積僅使用 0.667 mm2。所提出的升壓轉換器在10 mA–250 mA 負載操作下，獲得了 83 %–91 %的功率轉換效率，同時 輸出電壓漣波控制在 8.2 mV–15.8 mV、負載調節率為 0.08 mV/mA 和晶片面積是 0.447 mm2。

This paper proposes a DC to DC voltage converter with high power density and low voltage ripple operating under a full load range. An in-phase current compensation technique is proposed to solve the sub-harmonic oscillation, improve the output offset voltage and obtain a small output voltage ripple. Moreover, this paper proposes a non-overlapping clock smallsize gate driver, which generates a a non-overlapping signal to effectively avoid the simultaneous conduction of the high-side power transistor and the low-side power transistor, thereby improving the power loss of the shoot-through current and the power efficiency of the converter.
The proposed voltage converters were designed and fabricated by using TSMC 0.18-μm CMOS 1.8V/3.3V 1P6M process. The measurement results show that the proposed buck converter can regulate an input voltage 3.3 V to 1.5V. The power efficiency of 82.5%–90.7% can be obtained under a load current of 10 mA–1 A, while the output voltage ripple is effectively controlled at 3.17 mV–12.1 mV and the load regulation rate is 0.025 mV/mA, and the chip area achieved is only 0.667 mm2 . The proposed boost converter achieves a power efficiency of 83 %–91 % under 10 mA–250 mA load operation, while the output voltage ripple is controlled within 8.2 mV–15.8 mV and the load regulation is 0.08 mV/mA and the wafer area is 0.447 mm2 .

摘要...i
Abstract...ii
誌謝...iii
目錄...iv
表目錄...vi
圖目錄...vii
第一章 緒論...1
1.1研究動機...1
1.2研究背景...3
1.2.1切換式穩壓器控制技術...3
1.2.2脈波寬度調變電壓模式(PWM Voltage Mode)...4
1.2.3基於漣波的固定導通時間控制(RBCOT)...5
1.3文獻探討...7
1.4論文架構...12
第二章 基於漣波固定導通時間控制之切換式穩壓器...13
2.1降壓轉換器之輸出電壓漣波分析...13
2.1.1輸出電容電壓漣波分析...13
2.1.2等效串聯電阻電壓漣波分析...20
2.1.3輸出電壓漣波分析...25
2.1.4次諧波振盪於降壓轉換器...27
2.2降壓轉換器上的Shoot-Through...29
2.2.1功率電晶體之設計...29
2.2.2閘極驅動器之設計...31
2.2.3降壓轉換器Shoot-Through現象分析...32
2.3升壓轉換器之輸出電壓漣波分析...34
2.3.1輸出電容電壓漣波分析...34
2.3.2輸出電壓漣波分析...41
2.3.3次諧波振盪於升壓轉換器...43
2.4升壓轉換器上的Shoot-Through...44
2.4.1升壓轉換器Shoot-Through現象分析...44
第三章 全負載範圍操作下之高功率密度低電壓漣波降壓轉換器...46
3.1全負載範圍操作下之高功率密度低電壓漣波降壓轉換器實現...46
3.1.1同相電流補償技術(In-phase Current Compensation Technique, ICC)...47
3.1.2非重疊時脈閘級驅動器(Non-overlapping Gate Driver)...55
3.1.3固定導通時間產生電路(On-Time Generator)...58
3.1.4最短關閉時間產生電路(Minimum Off-Time Generator)...59
3.1.5啟動電路(Start Up Circuit)...61
3.1.6近零電流偵測電路(Near-Zero Current Detector)...62
3.1.7抗振鈴電路(Ringing Killer)...64
3.2全負載範圍操作下之高功率密度低電壓漣波降壓轉換器量測...65
3.2.1穩態量測結果...65
3.2.2暫態量測結果...69
3.2.3整體效能結果...70
第四章 全負載範圍操作下之高功率密度低電壓漣波升壓轉換器...71
4.1全負載範圍操作下之高功率密度低電壓漣波升壓轉換器實現...71
4.1.1電流感測器(Current Sensor)...72
4.1.2近零電流偵測電路(Near-Zero Current Detector)...74
4.1.3浪湧電流(Inrush Current)抑制與電壓選擇器(Voltage Selector)...75
4.2全負載範圍操作下之高功率密度低電壓漣波升壓轉換器量測...78
4.2.1穩態量測結果...78
4.2.2暫態量測結果...81
4.2.3整體效能結果...82
第五章 結論...83
參考文獻...84
Extended Abstract...87

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