臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究使用刮刀塗佈法製備染料敏化太陽能電池（DSSCs），並在原始二氧 化鈦(P25)光陽極（PAs）中摻雜單層石墨烯（G）、石墨烯量子點(GQDs)、金(Au) 奈米粒子。經數據結果表明，摻雜 G、GQDs、Au 的 PAs 能有效提高 DSSCs 的 短路電流密度(Jsc)、轉換效率(η)及降低內部結構阻抗(Rk)。Jsc（mA / cm2）從原 始未摻雜之 13.62（mA / cm2），經由摻雜 G、GQDs、Au 分別提升 25、11.7、17.8% 至 17.02、15.22、16.05（mA / cm2）。η(%)從原始未摻雜之 6.36 (%)，經由摻雜 G、GQDs、Au 分別提升 17.9、11.3、10.7%至 7.50、7.08、7.04(%)。電化學交流 阻抗譜(Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, EIS)測量結果表明，Rk(Ω)從原始 未摻雜之 11.28(Ω)，經由摻雜 G、GQDs、Au 分別降低 34.9、28.5、32.1%，至 8.36、8.78、8.54(Ω)。最後探討二氧化鈦(P25)共摻雜 G-GQDs、G-Au、QDs-Au 等對於 DSSCs 之影響，其中 Jsc 分別為 15.45、15.37、15.31 (mA/cm2)，η分別為 7.21、7.35、7.00 (%)，Rk 分別為 8.44、8.63、9.18 (Ω)。綜合以上研究結果，單 一摻雜 G 時，Jsc、η值皆為最高，Rk 值為最低，並證明染料敏化太陽能電池之 光陽極基於摻雜單層石墨烯，能有效改善光生電子於薄膜內部傳遞，二氧化鈦藉 由石墨烯捕捉其電子，電子-電洞複合率降低，使光生電子快速傳遞至外部電路， 最終改善 DSSCs 之效率。

The doctor blade coating method is used to prepare dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and dope the original titanium dioxide (P25) photoanode (PAs) with singlelayer graphene (G), graphene quantum dots (GQDs), and gold (Au) nanoparticles in this research. The results show that doping Pas with G, GQDS, and Au effectively increases the short-circuit current density (Jsc), conversion efficiency ( η), and decreases the internal structure impedance (Rk) of DSSCs.Jsc (mA/cm2) increases from 13.62 to 17.02, 15.22, 16.05 mA/cm2, while η (%) increases from 6.36 to 7.50, 7.08, 7.04% when doping G, GQDs, and Au, respectively. The analysis of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) reveals that doping G, GQDs, and Au decreases Rk decreases from 11.28 to 8.36, 8.78, 8.54 Ω, respectively. Then, the influence of titanium dioxide (P25) doped G-GQDs, G-Au, and QDs-Au on DSSCs. Jsc is observed to be 5.45, 15.37, 15.31 mA/cm2, respectively. In this case, the values of ηare 7.21, 7.35, and 7.00 (%), while those of Rk are 8.44, 8.63, and 9.18 (Ω). The value of Jsc and η is highest but that of Rk is lowest when doping with G, which proves that the photoanode of the dye-sensitized solar cell effectively activates the photogenerated electrons in the film by doping single-layer graphene and Titanium dioxide captures its electrons through graphene. The electron-hole recombination rate decreases, allowing the photogenerated electrons to be quickly transferred to the external circuit. As a result, the efficiency of DSSCs is improved.

摘要................................................................................................................................. i
Abstract .......................................................................................................................... ii
誌謝.............................................................................................................................. iii
目錄............................................................................................................................... iv
表目錄........................................................................................................................... vi
圖目錄.......................................................................................................................... vii
第一章 緒論.................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 前言................................................................................................................ 1
1.2 研究動機與目的............................................................................................. 2
第二章 理論與文獻探討.............................................................................................. 4
2.1 太陽能電池簡介............................................................................................. 4
2.1.1 矽基型太陽能電池[2] .......................................................................... 4
2.1.2 化合物半導體型太陽能電池.............................................................. 5
2.1.3 有機半導體型太陽能電池.................................................................. 5
2.2 染料敏化太陽能電池簡介............................................................................. 5
2.2.1 透明導電膜.......................................................................................... 6
2.2.2 光陽極................................................................................................... 6
2.2.3 染料敏化劑.......................................................................................... 6
2.2.4 電解液.................................................................................................. 8
2.2.5 鉑(Pt)對電極........................................................................................ 9
2.2.6 染料敏化太陽能電池之工作原理...................................................... 9
2.3 二氧化鈦....................................................................................................... 10
2.3.1 二氧化鈦之晶相................................................................................ 10
2.3.2 二氧化鈦之物理性質........................................................................ 13
2.4 石墨烯........................................................................................................... 15
2.4.1 石墨烯基本介紹................................................................................ 15
2.4.2 石墨烯的電子結構............................................................................ 15
2.4.3 石墨稀量子點.................................................................................... 16
2.4.4 石墨烯應用於染料敏化太陽能電池之光陽極................................ 18
2.4.5 石墨稀量子點應用於染料敏化太陽能電池之共敏化劑................ 19
2.5 金奈米粒子................................................................................................... 20
2.5.1 金簡介................................................................................................ 20
2.5.2 金奈米粒子之表面電漿共振效應.................................................... 20
2.5.3 金奈米粒子表面電漿共振效應與形狀之關係................................ 22
第三章 實驗步驟........................................................................................................ 24
3.1 實驗材料與設備........................................................................................... 24
3.1.1 實驗材料............................................................................................ 24
3.1.2 實驗儀器設備.................................................................................... 25
3.2 染料敏化太陽能電池之製備....................................................................... 28
3.2.1 實驗流程簡介.................................................................................... 28
3.2.2 玻璃基板清洗.................................................................................... 29
3.2.3 漿料(Pastes)製備 ............................................................................... 29
3.2.4 刮刀塗佈法製備光陽極.................................................................... 29
3.2.5 鉑金對電極之製備............................................................................ 31
3.2.6 染料之製備與浸泡............................................................................ 31
3.2.7 電解液之製備.................................................................................... 31
3.2.8 元件封裝............................................................................................ 31
3.3 分析儀器及原理........................................................................................... 32
3.3.1 場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡 (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope, FE-SEM) ................................................................................. 32
3.3.2 穿透式電子顯微鏡(Transmission Electron Microscope, TEM) ....... 33
3.3.3 紫外光-可見光分光光譜儀(UV-Vis Spectrophotometer)(資料來 源：國科會高瞻自然科學教學資源平台) ................................................ 33
3.3.4 X 光繞射儀(X-ray Diffraction, XRD)[64] ........................................... 35
3.3.5 電化學交流阻抗(Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, EIS)[65] ...................................................................................................................... 36
3.3.6 入射光電轉換效率測量儀(Incident Photon Conversion Efficiency, IPCE)[66] ....................................................................................................... 39
3.3.7 染料敏化太陽能電池之光電轉換效率............................................ 39 第四章 結果與討論.................................................................................................... 41
4.1 場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡(FE-SEM)分析 .................................................. 41
4.1.1 二氧化鈦摻雜石墨烯........................................................................ 41
4.1.2 二氧化鈦摻雜石墨烯量子點(GQDs) ............................................... 45
4.1.3 二氧化鈦摻雜金(Au)奈米粒子 ........................................................ 47
4.2 染料敏化太陽能電池特性之分析............................................................... 49
4.2.1 紫外光-可見光分光光譜(UV-vis)之分析 ........................................ 49
4.2.2 入射單色光子-電子轉化效率(IPCE)之分析 ................................... 53
4.2.3 電化學交流阻抗譜(EIS)之分析 ....................................................... 57
4.2.4 光電轉換效率(J-V)之分析 ............................................................... 62
第五章 結論................................................................................................................ 67
參考文獻...................................................................................................................... 68
Extended Abstract ........................................................................................................ 72

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