臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文以退火處理技術，研究押出成形之PC平板後處理的透光度、表面粗糙度以及特徵尺寸品質改善，並得到其品質的退火溫度與退火時間關係。以商用押出PC平板為實驗試片，尺寸為長20 mm x寬10 mm x厚3 mm。
本研究針對Tg以上與Tg以下做討論，所以對於Tg以上與Tg以下各設定五組退火溫度及退火時間，實驗數據再透過Williams–Landel–Ferry(WLF)方程式擬合得出退火溫度及退火時間與品質關係。
從實驗數據中整理出以下結論，在退火溫度140℃與退火時間90分鐘下，透光度的改善率為7.44%；在退火溫度160℃與退火時間10分鐘下，改善後表面粗糙度Ra=1.326 µm，改善比率為42.94%；長度變化率介於0.5%至-1.5%，寬度變化率介於1.5%至-1.5%。
由數據顯示改善透光度，退火溫度需要在Tg以下，且退火時間長，才能使透光度有較大的改善；改善表面粗糙度，退火溫度需要在Tg以上，且退火時間短，才能使表面粗糙度有較大的改善。無論退火溫度是在Tg以下或是以上，時間長短與否，對於平板的尺寸受到的變化率是有限的，所以也驗證本研究的退火處理可以達到保形的目的。將實驗數據透過回歸分析，求得透光度之WLF方程式的經驗常數，C1=10.54與C2=142.3K；表面粗糙度之WLF方程式的經驗常數，C1=0.62與C2=3.34K。
經過驗證後，參考組透光度改善比率為1.92%，驗證組透光度改善比率為1.9%；參考組表面粗糙度改善比率為44.7%，驗證組表面粗糙度改善比率為42.47%，驗證結果顯示各品質的改善比率皆相近，故驗證WLF方程式經驗常數符合各品質之退火溫度與退火時間關係。

In this paper, the improvement of light transmittance, surface roughness and characteristic size of PC plate after processing was studied by annealing technology, and the relationship between annealing temperature and annealing time was obtained. The commercial PC plate was used as the test specimen, and the size was 20 mm x 10 mm x 3 mm.
In this study, annealing temperature and annealing time of five groups above and below Tg were discussed, and the experimental data were fitted by Williams-Landel-Ferry(WLF) equation to obtain the relationship between annealing temperature and annealing time and quality.
According to the experimental data, the improvement rate of transmittance is 7.44% when annealing temperature is 140℃ and annealing time is 90 min. The improved surface roughness Ra=1.326 µm and the improvement ratio is 42.94% at 160℃ and 10 min annealing time. The length change rate is between 0.5% and -1.5%, and the width change rate is between 1.5% and -1.5%.
According to the data, to improve the transmittance, the annealing temperature should be below Tg and the annealing time should be long, so that the transmittance can be greatly improved. To improve the surface roughness, the annealing temperature should be above Tg and the annealing time should be short to make the surface roughness greatly improved. No matter the annealing temperature is below or above Tg and the length of time, the change rate of the size of the plate is limited, so it also verifies that the annealing treatment in this study can achieve the purpose of shape preservation. The empirical constants of WLF equation were obtained by regression analysis of experimental data, C1=10.54 and C2=142.3K. The empirical constants of the WLF equation for surface roughness are C1=0.62 and C2=3.34K.
After verification, the reference group improved transmittance rate was 1.92%, and the verification group improved transmittance rate was 1.9%; The surface roughness improvement rate of the reference group was 44.7%, and that of the verification group was 42.47%. The verification results showed that the improvement rate of each quality was similar, so the empirical constants of the verification WLF equation agreed with the relationship between annealing temperature and annealing time of each quality.

目錄
摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌謝 v
目錄 vi
圖目錄 ix
表目錄 xi
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2研究動機與目的 4
1.3研究方法 4
1.4論文架構 7
第二章 基礎理論與文獻回顧 8
2.1押出成形 8
2.2熱回流與熱處理加工 9
2.2.1 熱回流原理 9
2.2.2 熱處理加工 9
2.2.3 退火製程 9
2.3表面粗糙度 10
2.4透光度 10
2.5相關文獻 11
第三章 研究原理 14
3.1熱處理 14
3.1.1退火 14
3.1.2回火 14
3.1.3淬火 14
3.2時間與溫度疊加原理 15
3.2.1Arrhenius Equation（阿瑞尼斯方程式） 15
3.2.2活化能(Activation Energy) 15
3.2.3Williams-Landel-Ferry方程式 16
第四章 研究方法 17
4.1實驗設計 17
4.2實驗設備 18
4.2.1真空烘箱 18
4.2.2光譜儀 20
4.2.3雷射共軛焦顯微鏡 22
4.2.4光學測量顯微鏡 24
4.3實驗材料介紹 26
4.3.1退火處理前PC平板透光度 28
4.3.2退火處理前PC平板表面粗糙度 34
4.3.3退火處理前PC平板特徵尺寸 42
4.3.3.1退火處理前PC平板長度 43
4.3.3.2退火處理前PC平板寬度 48
4.4實驗步驟 53
第五章 結果與討論 54
5.1退火處理後結果 55
5.1.1退火處理後PC平板透光度 55
5.1.2退火處理後PC平板表面粗糙度 60
5.1.3退火處理後PC平板特徵尺寸 65
5.1.3.1退火處理後PC平板長度 65
5.1.3.2退火處理後PC平板寬度 70
5.2品質目標改善比率 75
5.2.1透光度改善 75
5.2.2表面粗糙度改善 79
5.2.3特徵尺寸變化比率 82
5.2.3.1長度尺寸變化比率 82
5.2.3.2寬度尺寸變化比率 83
5.3時間與溫度疊加關係 85
5.3.1透光度之WLF方程式 85
5.3.2表面粗糙度之WLF方程式 89
5.4驗證退火溫度與退火時間關係 92
5.4.1透光度 94
5.4.2表面粗糙度 95
第六章 結論與未來展望 96
6.1結論 96
6.1.1透光度 96
6.1.2表面粗糙度 96
6.1.3特徵尺寸 97
6.1.4時間與溫度疊加關係 97
6.2未來展望 98
參考文獻 99

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