臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

Chemical pollution and unintended impacts from production and consumption hinder the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). While Chemical Alternatives Assessment is a viable strategy, inadequate quantitative data limits effective substitution practices. This study proposes the Chemical Life Cycle Alternative Assessment (CLiCAA) framework, integrating tools and techniques for efficient chemical screening, aiming to overcome the limits. The CLiCAA framework encompasses three distinct phases, including chemical hazard screening via qualitative and quantitative contexts, bridging gaps in unavailable hazard data through Sister Molecular Structure Analysis (SMSA), and utilizing life cycle assessment to quantify relevant impacts associated with the evaluated chemicals. The CLiCAA framework provides a dependable and replicable approach to chemical assessment, allowing integration with other tools for informed decision-making in safe chemical substitution. A feasibility study using thirteen Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)-identified chemicals validated the framework's efficacy, showing potential for improvement and extensive integration. For instance, the evaluation of trichloroethylene alternatives found methylene chloride to be the most suitable based on a 1.549 points/kg difference in eco-indicator impact. However, concerns about "problem-shifting" emerged from qualitative narrative, favoring isopropyl alcohol despite its slightly higher impact score of 0.012 points/kg compared to methylene chloride. Overall, the CLiCAA framework offers contextual information for substitution decisions and addresses chemical pollution, advancing progress towards the SDGs.

Abstract…….............................................................................................................................. 2
Table of Contents ....................................................................................................................... 3
List of Tables .............................................................................................................................. 4
List of Figures ............................................................................................................................ 5
Chapter 1: Introduction .............................................................................................................. 8
1.1 Research Background ....................................................................................................... 8
1.2 Research Scope and Framework ..................................................................................... 10
Chapter 2: Literature Review ................................................................................................... 12
2.1 Importance of a new chemical substitution framework .................................................. 12
2.2 Contribution of LCAA .................................................................................................... 13
2.3 Chemical Exposure Data Integration .............................................................................. 16
2.4 CLiCC as an LCA tool.................................................................................................... 17
Chapter 3: Materials and Methods ........................................................................................... 19
3.1 Phase 1-Chemical Hazard Screening .............................................................................. 21
3.2 Phase 2-Hazard Data Interpretation ................................................................................ 24
3.3 Phase 3-Life Cycle Assessment Screening ..................................................................... 27
Chapter 4: Results and Discussion ........................................................................................... 30
4.1 Chemical Set 1: Cleaning Agents (Dry Cleaning) .......................................................... 31
4.2 Chemical Set 2: Solvents ................................................................................................ 37
4.3 Chemical Set 3: Preservatives......................................................................................... 47
4.4 Chemical Set 4: Plasticizers............................................................................................ 56
4.5 Chemical Set 5: Paint Removers/Detergents .................................................................. 67
4.5.1 Chemical Set 5 as Paint Strippers............................................................................ 67
4.5.2 Chemical Set 5 as Metal Cleaners ........................................................................... 75
4.6 Chemical Set 6: Flame Retardants .................................................................................. 80
4.7 Chemical Set 7: Plastic Materials ................................................................................... 85
4.8 CLiCAA Framework Analysis ....................................................................................... 89
4.9 Model Confidence........................................................................................................... 90
Chapter 5: Conclusion and Suggestions ................................................................................... 93
Appendix …………………………………………………………………………………….. 96
References ................................................................................................................................ 97

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