臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

目前第五代行動通訊在 Sub-6 GHz頻段的配置，無論是大小基地台或是現有的通訊產品都已接近完善並且已商轉營運中。更高頻段的毫米波目前仍因技術與成本的考量，還需要一段時間才能完善。毫米波頻段在大氣與水氣中電磁波信號有著高耗損的特性，因此需要多個天線單元將其陣列排列以增加天線增益也就是增加傳輸距離。而陣列的設計會增加整體系統的複雜度，相較於Sub-6 GHz頻段，毫米波天線設計本身的限制與難度高出許多。
本論文共有三款天線設計，基板均使用低正切耗損的RT/duroid 5880 基板製作，天線單元主要使用偶極天線，並加入反射板強化其指向性達到高增益。第一款設計為1×4偶極天線陣列，主要驗證其設計確實與上述提到的設計理念相符，並從中加入優化過程。第二款設計將第一款天線各個單元串列而成。第一款每單元只有一支偶極天線，第二款則在五埠分波器的四個輸出埠中分別串接4個偶極天線單元，這樣的設計將可以增加增益，但其相位控制波束切換的結果並不理想。第三款交錯串列的1×8串列式偶極陣列天線設計改善了相位控制波束切換的結果。其分波器輸出埠串列的天線相較於第二款減少為串接2個偶極天線單元，整體陣列從第二款1×4提升成1×8，整體使用的空間也與第二款設計相同。第四款交錯串列的1×4串列式偶極陣列天線設計，與第二款使用相同的配置，並減少天線間距。增益從15.13 dBi改善至17.55 dBi，旁波瓣位準從-8.17 dB改善為-16.17dB。經過量測驗證各項參數都有良好的表現。

At present, the configuration of the fifth-generation mobile communication in the Sub-6 GHz frequency band, whether it is large or small base stations or existing communication products, has been close to perfection and has been commercialized for operation. The millimeter wave of higher frequency band is still due to technology and cost considerations, and it will take some time to complete. The millimeter wave frequency band has the characteristics of high loss of electromagnetic wave signals in the atmosphere and water. Therefore, multiple antenna units are required to arrange their arrays to increase antenna gain, that is to increase transmission distance. The design of the array will increase the complexity of the overall system. Compared with the Sub-6 GHz frequency band, the limitation and difficulty of the millimeter wave antenna design itself are much higher.

摘 要...........................................I
ABSTRACT........................................II
誌 謝.........................................III
目 錄..........................................IV
表 目 錄.........................................V
圖 目 錄........................................VI
第一章 序論.....................................1
1.1 研究背景.................................1
1.2 研究動機與文獻導覽........................1
1.3 論文架構.................................2
第二章 基礎理論.................................3
2.1 傳輸線理論概述............................3
2.2 微帶線理論概述...........................20
2.3 偶極天線理論概述.........................26
2.4 T形接面分波器概述與設計..................39
2.5 陣列天線原理概述.........................46
2.6 波束成形理論概述.........................51
2.7 偶極陣列天線設計.........................54
第三章 串列式偶極陣列天線設計...................67
3.1 前言....................................67
3.2 1×4 串列式偶極陣列天線模擬與實作..........67
3.3 結論....................................79
第四章 交錯排列之串列式偶極陣列天線設計..........80
4.1 前言....................................80
4.2 1×8 交錯排列之串列式偶極陣列天線模擬與實作.80
4.3 1×4 交錯排列之串列式偶極陣列天線模擬與實作.86
4.4 結論....................................92
第五章 研究總結................................93
5.1 研究總結................................93
參考文獻........................................95

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