臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究利用積層製造原理中的光聚合固化成型技術(Vat Photopolymerization , VP)為主軸，並結合數位光固化技術(Digital Light Projection, DLP)。利用數位光固化(DLP)的快速光罩輸出優勢來對金屬材料進行固化，以提高成型的速度以及降低成本的費用，並提高經濟效益。市面上常見的雷射粉末熔融(Selective Laser Melting, SLM)及雷射金屬粉末燒結(Direct Metal Laser Sintering, DMLS)費用昂貴。因此本研究使用光固化樹脂將不鏽鋼混入列印，燒結時不鏽鋼與樹脂材料熔點的不同，使樹脂材料氣化(Gasification)，進而獲得不鏽鋼列印成品。不鏽鋼在燒結時會產生收縮，因此，生胚(未燒結前的不鏽鋼成品)的精確度就需要更貼近最初所設計的比例才能獲得較精確的收縮率。目前數位光固化系統技術有上照式(Top Down)及下照式(Bottom Up)兩種，使用上照式會浪費大量材料以及清理不便，而使用下照式系統則可以減少材料的浪費且製程迅速。本研究使用漿料每100 g裡包含70wt % 316 L不鏽鋼粉末與30wt %光固化樹脂，316 L不鏽鋼粉末經過粉體表面噴塗(Coating)可以增加粉體懸浮能力，再利用球磨提高分散性與縮小粒徑。然而所列印出來的生胚，其精準度也相當重要，在曝光秒數與光強的影響下，列印對象會有些微誤差，因此藉由調整原始設計模型尺寸進行列印，並對列印出來的對象做準確度量測，進行1450 ℃高溫燒結後獲得最後的成品，最後將成品於金相試驗觀測其晶界及孔隙，並測量其硬度。

This study applies Vat Photopolymerization (VP) combined with Digital Light Projection (DLP) for the multilayer manufacturing. The advantages of DLP are fast reticle output, low cost, and high economic benefit. For the manufacture of metal 3D printing, Selective Laser Melting (SLM) and Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) are too expensive in the market. Therefore, in this study, the photo-curing was focused on stainless steel and resin mixed to obtain a stainless steel though 3D printing. The finished stainless steel will shrink during sintering, so the accuracy of the green embryo (stainless steel before sintering) needs to be enlarged by a specifit ratio to obtain a accurate size. The light curing systems are divided into Top-Down and Bottom-Up methods. Top-Down methods wastes a lot of materials and is inconvenient to clean. Bottom-Up methods can reduce material waste and print quickly. In this study, the slurry used 70wt% stainless steel powder "316L" and 30wt% photo-curable resin "3DV1". Apply the ball milling process to improve the dispersibility and shrink the particle size. The stainless steel embryo will produce a slight error under the influence of light seconds and light intensity. They are sintered at 1450 ℃ to obtain the final products. Finally, finished stainless steel products are investigated by observing metallographic test and measuring the hardness.

摘要......i
Abstract......ii
誌謝......iii
目錄......iv
表目錄......vi
圖目錄......vii
符號說明......ix
第一章 緒論......1
1.1前言......1
1.2研究背景......3
1.3論文架構......4
第二章 文獻回顧......6
2.1積層製造原理......6
2.2材料擠製成型技術(Material Extrusion, ME)......7
2.3材料噴印成型技術(Material Jetting, MJ) ......8
2.4黏著劑噴塗成型技術(Binder Jetting, BJ) ......9
2.5粉末床熔融技術成型(Powder Bed Fusion, PBF) ......9
2.6光聚合固化成型技術(Vat Photopolymerization, VP) ......10
2.6.1雷射光束固化成型(Stero Lithography Apparatus, SLA) ......11
2.6.2數位光固化成型技術(Digital Light Processing, DLP) ......11
2.6.3光源方位......12
第三章 實驗架構規劃與材料選用......15
3.1 實驗架構......15
3.2 機台系統建構......15
3.2.1 疊層系統介紹......16
3.2.2 樹脂料槽系統介紹......17
3.2.3 光源控制系統介紹......18
3.3 實驗流程......19
3.4 材料選用......21
3.5 粉體改質......22
3.6 球磨介紹......24
3.7 金相試驗......25
3.7.1 鑲埋介紹......25
3.7.2 研磨拋光......26
3.7.3 腐蝕......28
第四章 實驗結果......29
4.1列印誤差......29
4.1.1 2.5D影像量測儀之應用......29
4.1.2 生胚列印尺寸......30
4.2高溫燒結......32
4.3金相圖......34
4.4硬度測試......38
4.4.1 參數設定與結果......39
第五章 結論與未來展望......41
5.1結論......41
5.2未來展望......42
參考文獻......43
Extended Abstract......45

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