臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在台灣的7-9月颱風季時，颱風活動跟聖嬰-南方震盪(ENSO)現象呈現系統性的關係。聖嬰現象會引發較多的或較少的颱風活動來影響台灣，但反聖嬰現象主要對應到颱風活動偏少。聖嬰偏多年類別中，主要呈現南北環流分布型態，南邊為一個位於熱帶西太平洋往西邊延伸的低壓，其北邊是一個反氣旋風切，颱風生成在北緯20°以南的熱帶西太平洋傾向於增加，北緯20°以北傾向減少，在這個情況之下，颱風傾向往北或西北移動，從熱帶西太平洋往副熱帶西北太平洋移動，造成較多颱風活動影響台灣。在反聖嬰偏少年類別，它的環流與颱風活動特性跟聖嬰偏多年類別的特性大至呈現相反狀態。在聖嬰偏少年類別時，它主要特性為一個氣旋環流距平，從熱帶西太平洋往西北方向延伸到台灣跟日本附近，對應熱帶西太平洋颱風在東經150°以東生成偏多，這些颱風傾向於向北移動到北太平洋北部，但在東經120°-150°的區域，颱風生成減少，往西部移動的颱風也減少，導致較少颱風活動影響台灣。

Typhoon activity affecting Taiwan and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) exhibit systematic relationships in the July-September season. El Niño events can induce more or fewer typhoons affecting Taiwan, but fewer typhoons are dominatingly caused by La Niña events. In the El Niño-more typhoon type, a meridionally stratified circulation pattern consists of a westward-extending anomalous cyclone in the south over the western North Pacific (WNP) and anomalous anticyclonic shears in the north. Consequently, Typhoon genesis tends to increase in the tropical WNP south of 20oN and decrease to the north. Increases of northward and northwestward movement from the tropical WNP toward the subtropical northwestern WNP result in more typhoons affecting Taiwan. Variability features of typhoon activity and large-scale oceanic-atmospheric patterns in the La Niña-fewer typhoon type are generally opposite to those of the El Niño-more typhoon type. In the El Niño-fewer typhoon type, an anomalous cyclone elongates northwestward from the tropical WNP toward Taiwan and Japan. Typhoon genesis increases in the tropical WNP east of 150oE. These typhoons exhibit enhanced northward movement. In the 120o-150oE region, suppressed typhoon formation is followed by reduced westward movement from the WNP toward Taiwan, leading to fewer typhoons affecting Taiwan.

摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VI
圖目錄 VII
第一章、前言 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究目的 2
1.3 文獻探討 3
1.4 研究流程 6
1.5 研究資料 7
1.5.1 颱風資料 7
1.5.2 ENSO指標 7
1.5.3 大氣分析場資料 8
第二章、颱風與聖嬰現象介紹 9
2.1 颱風 9
2.1.1 颱風結構 9
2.1.2 颱風生成移動 10
2.2 聖嬰現象 11
2.2.1 正常氣候狀態 11
2.2.2 聖嬰時期狀態 12
2.2.3 反聖嬰時期狀態 12
2.2.4 大氣變化狀態 13
第三章、ENSO對侵台颱風之調節機制 14
3.1 ENSO對侵台颱風資料分析 14
3.2 不同類型ENSO對侵台颱風之調節機制 18
3.2.1 聖嬰偏多年對侵台颱風之調節機制 18
3.2.2 聖嬰偏少年對侵台颱風之調節機制 24
3.2.3 反聖嬰偏少年對侵台颱風之調節機制 30
3.2.4 不同類別ENSO調節機制之比較 36
第四章、結論 38
參考文獻 40
 

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