臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究透過伸張成形試驗(Marciniak-cup text)分析三種高強度熱浸鍍鋅用IF鋼(Mn-IF、MnNbTi-IF、MnP-IF)，於不同成形減薄率下所引起的表面粗化行為對外觀之影響，並使用掃描式電子顯微鏡之電子背向散射繞射(Electron Back Scattering Diffraction, EBSD)與電子通道對比成像(Electron Channeling Contrast Imaging, ECCI)技術探討不同成形減薄率下之集合組織與微觀變形組織。
實驗結果發現Mn-IF、MnNbTi-IF、MnP-IF三種鋼種以固定壓力進行不同衝程的伸張成形。經由SEM-ECCI影像發現，這三種高強度IF鋼於未成形前已有混晶的現象，此現象導致後續的衝壓過程中，應力集中在大晶粒，使大晶粒及小晶粒之間的應變不均。經衝壓成形後發現，大晶粒因應力集中，使得其差排結構增加堆積逐漸形成了次晶粒。在高倍率的ECCI觀察下，發現大晶粒的內部和晶界的差排結構不相同，且小晶粒的差排結構也和大晶粒的不同。因各區域的差排結構演化都不相同，塑性變化也不同。

In this study, the Marciniak-cup text was used to analyze the surface roughening caused by three high-strength hot-dip galvanizing IF steels (Mn-IF, MnNbTi-IF, MnP-IF) under different forming and thinning rates. The influence of behavior on appearance, and the use of Scanning Electron Microscope's Electron Back Scattering Diffraction (EBSD) and Electron Channeling Contrast Imaging (ECCI) technology to explore the combination of different forming thinning rates organization and micro-deformation organization.
The experimental results found that three steel grades, Mn-IF, MnNbTi-IF, and MnP-IF were stretched and formed with different strokes at a fixed pressure. Through SEM-ECCI , it is found that these three kinds of high-strength IF steels have mixed crystals before they are formed. This phenomenon causes the stress to be concentrated in the large grains during the subsequent stamping process, which makes the large grains and small grains between the large grains. The strain is uneven. After stamping and forming, it is found that the large grains are gradually formed into secondary grains due to the stress concentration, which increases the accumulation of the differential structure. Under high-magnification ECCI observation, it is found that the differential arrangement of the inside of the large grains and the grain boundary is different, and the differential arrangement of the small grains is also different from that of the large grains. Because the evolution of the differential structure in each region is different, the plastic changes are also different.

目錄
摘要------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------i
ABSTRACT--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ii
致謝-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------iv
目錄------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------v
表目錄-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------vii
圖目錄------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------viii
論文架構-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------x

一、序論-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
1.1前言-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
1.2 文獻回顧------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
1.3 研究動機與內容--------------------------------------------------------------------------4

二、研究理論------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5
2.1 電子背向散射繞射(Electron Backscatter Diffraction , EBSD) -------------------5
2.2 冷軋集合組織------------------------------------------------------------------------------6
2.3 退火集合組織------------------------------------------------------------------------------7
2.4電子通道對比度成像---------------------------------------------------------------------9

第三章、實驗步驟-----------------------------------------------------------------------------11
3.1 實驗材料----------------------------------------------------------------------------------11
3.2 微觀組織分析----------------------------------------------------------------------------12
3.2.1 電子背向散射繞射(Electron Backsatter Driffraction，EBSD)微觀集合組
織分析--------------------------------------------------------------------------------12
3.2.2電子通道對比度成像(Electron Channeling Contrast Imaging，ECCI)微觀晶粒觀測 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------13

第四章、結果與討論-------------------------------------------------------------------------14
4.1 高強度IF鋼之集合組織分析---------------------------------------------------------14
4.2 不同元素高強度IF鋼在SEM下差排之觀察------------------------------------14
4.3 EDDQ級IF鋼SEM-ECCI分析-------------------------------------------------------15
4.3-1 Mn-IF鋼在SEM-ECCI之分析------------------------------------------------15
4.3-2 MnNbTi -IF鋼在SEM-ECCI之分析-----------------------------------------21
4.3-3 MnP-IF鋼SEM-ECCI之分析--------------------------------------------------28
4.4 EDDQ級IF鋼在ESBD下分析-------------------------------------------------------34
4.4-1 Mn-IF鋼在EBSD分析------------- --------------------------------------------34
4.4-2 MnNbTi-IF鋼在EBSD分析---------------------------------------------------38
4.4-3 MnP-IF鋼在EBSD分析--------------------------------------------------------42

第五章、結論-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------46
參考文獻----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------47











表目錄
表1.1 IF鋼商業用深衝鋼板於汽車產業的應用-----------------------------------------------2
表3.1實驗三種高強度IF鋼之成分與重量元素百分比------------------------------------11
表3.2 三種高強度IF鋼四種實驗衝程---------------------------------------------------------11
表4.3 Mn-IF鋼 四種衝程平均粒徑-------------------------------------------------------------15
表4. 4 MnNbTi-IF鋼四種衝程平均粒徑--------------------------------------------------------22
表4.5 MnP-IF鋼四種衝程平均粒徑-------------------------------------------------------------28






























圖目錄
圖1. 1 高成性冷軋鋼片之性質演進------------------------------------------------------------2

圖2.1 (a) 電子背向散射繞射電子與菊池線之生成示意圖--------------------------------6
(b) 由多組菊池線所組成的電子背向散射繞射圖---------------------------------6
圖2.2 EBSD系統的基本架構----------------------------------------------------------------------6
圖2.3退火再結晶分為回復、再結晶、晶粒成長三階段-------------------------------------7
圖2.4表示晶粒邊界的運動方向與不同退火溫度下其時間晶粒大小間的關係-----8
圖2.5冷軋集合組織控制技術---------------------------------------------------------------------9

圖3. 1雙軸向伸張成形Marciniak cup text-----------------------------------------------------12
圖3. 2高解析掃描式電子顯微鏡ZEISS/SEM Supra 55------------------------------------13
圖3.3 Zeiss SEM-G450------------------------------------------------------------------------------13

圖4.3-1-1 Mn-IF鋼之橘皮缺陷------------------------------------------------------------------15
圖4.3-1-2衝程0mm 放大倍率:400倍 平均粒徑:19.7µm----------------------------------17
圖4.3-1-3 衝程 5mm 放大倍率:400倍 平均粒徑:20.4µm-------------------------------17
圖4.3-1-4 衝程 10 mm 放大倍率400倍 平均粒徑:20.8µm-----------------------------17
圖4.3-1-5 衝程20mm 放大倍率400倍 平均粒徑:23.3µm-------------------------------18
圖4.3-1-6 衝程5mm小晶粒形貌 放大倍率5000倍--------------------------------------18
圖4.3-1-7 衝程5mm大晶粒形貌 放大倍率1560倍---------------------------------------19
圖4.3-1-8 衝程10mm 小晶粒形貌 放大倍率4000倍-------------------------------------19
圖4.3-1-9 衝程10mm 大晶粒形貌 放大倍率1500倍-------------------------------------20
圖4.3-1-10 衝程20mm 小晶粒形貌 放大倍率3230倍-----------------------------------20
圖4.3-1-11 衝程20mm 大晶粒形貌 放大倍率2390倍-----------------------------------21
圖4.3-2-1 MnNbTi-IF鋼之橘皮缺陷------------------------------------------------------------22
圖4.3-2-2衝程0mm 放大倍率:400倍 平均粒徑:11.1µm----------------------------------23
圖4.3-2-3衝程5mm 放大倍率:400倍 平均粒徑:11.8µm----------------------------------23
圖4.3-2-4衝程10mm 放大倍率:400倍 平均粒徑:12.8µm--------------------------------24
圖4.3-2-5衝程20mm 放大倍率:400倍 平均粒徑:15.7µm--------------------------------24
圖4.3-2-6衝程5mm 小晶粒形貌 放大倍率9870倍---------------------------------------25
圖4.3-2-7衝程5mm 大晶粒形貌 放大倍率3910倍---------------------------------------25
圖4.3-2-8衝程10mm 小晶粒形貌 放大倍率1500倍--------------------------------------26
圖4.3-2-9衝程10mm 大晶粒形貌 放大倍率2900倍--------------------------------------26
圖4.3-2-10衝程20mm 小晶粒形貌 放大倍率4000倍------------------------------------27
圖4.3-2-11衝程20mm 大晶粒形貌 放大倍率2000倍------------------------------------27
圖4.3-3-1 MnP-IF鋼之橘皮缺陷-----------------------------------------------------------------28
圖4.3-3-2衝程0mm 放大倍率:400倍 平均粒徑:16.6µm----------------------------------29
圖4.3-3-3衝程5mm 放大倍率:400倍 平均粒徑:18.4µm----------------------------------29
圖4.3-3-4衝程10mm 放大倍率:400倍 平均粒徑:19µm----------------------------------30
圖4.3-3-5衝程20mm 放大倍率:400倍 平均粒徑:20.8µm--------------------------------30
圖4.3-3-6衝程5mm 小晶粒形貌 放大倍率14610倍--------------------------------------31
圖4.3-3-7衝程5mm 大晶粒形貌 放大倍率1900倍---------------------------------------31
圖4.3-3-8衝程10mm 小晶粒形貌 放大倍率5000倍--------------------------------------32
圖4.3-3-9衝程10mm 大晶粒形貌 放大倍率2000倍--------------------------------------32
圖4.3-3-10衝程20mm 小晶粒形貌 放大倍率6000倍------------------------------------33
圖4.3-3-11衝程20mm 大晶粒形貌 放大倍率2000倍------------------------------------33
圖4.4-1-1 Mn-IF四種衝程體積分率圖---------------------------------------------------------34
圖4.4.1-2 Mn-IF鋼四種衝程方位差角比例---------------------------------------------------35
圖4.4-1-3 Mn-IF鋼0mm 反極圖-----------------------------------------------------------------36
圖4.4-1-4 Mn-IF鋼5mm 反極圖-----------------------------------------------------------------36
圖4.4-1-5 Mn-IF鋼10mm 反極圖---------------------------------------------------------------37
圖4.4-1-6 Mn-IF鋼20mm 反極圖---------------------------------------------------------------37
圖4.4-2-1 MnNbTi-IF鋼四種衝程體積分率圖-----------------------------------------------38
圖4.4-2-2 MnNbTi-IF鋼四種衝程方位差角比例--------------------------------------------39
圖4.4-2-3 MnNbTi-IF鋼0mm 反極圖----------------------------------------------------------40
圖4.4-2-4 MnNbTi-IF鋼5mm 反極圖----------------------------------------------------------40
圖4.4-2-5 MnNbTi-IF鋼10mm 反極圖---------------------------------------------------------41
圖4.4-2-6 MnNbTi-IF鋼20mm 反極圖---------------------------------------------------------41
圖4.4-3-1 MnP-IF四種衝程體積分率圖-------------------------------------------------------42
圖4.4-3-2 MnP-IF鋼四種衝程方位差角比例-------------------------------------------------43
圖4.4-3-3 MnP-IF鋼0mm 反極圖---------------------------------------------------------------44
圖4.4-3-4 MnP-IF鋼5mm 反極圖---------------------------------------------------------------44
圖4.4-3-5 MnP-IF鋼10mm 反極圖-------------------------------------------------------------45
圖4.4-3-6 MnP-IF鋼20mm 反極圖-------------------------------------------------------------45

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