臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　現今道路鋪面常由設計過之粒料級配與瀝青膠泥拌合的瀝青混凝土所鋪設，但隨著日益增長的車載量，以及國內多雨等氣候所造成的考驗，使得由傳統直餾瀝青瀝青膠泥所拌合的瀝青混凝土常未到使用年限，路面即因超過負荷產生破壞，因此改善鋪面性能，以符合現今交通、氣候情形成為重要課題。工業副產物因應製造需求而增加其產量，如今其處置與運用等環保議題也備受重視，本研究嘗試使用工業副產物-水淬爐石粉GGBFS（Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag）為填充料，與瀝青膠泥（AC-20）拌合，依照膠漿理論所述，將瀝青膠漿泥與填充料混合後，填充料懸浮於瀝青膠泥之中，改變瀝青膠泥工程性質，變為一種硬度、稠度皆為提升的瀝青膠漿。

　　本研究選用某廠牌之100級與120級水淬高爐石粉作為填充料，設計5種不同的添加比例與基底瀝青膠泥AC-20使用高速攪拌機進行拌合，依填充料添加量之比例與活性指數的不同，共製成10種爐石粉瀝青膠漿試樣，對照組則選用基底瀝青AC-20進行一系列試驗，透過進行軟化點試驗、黏滯度試驗、離析試驗、動態剪切質流性之頻率掃描試驗及多重潛變應力回復試驗，藉由爐石粉瀝青膠漿試樣之相關工程性質、拌合均勻性、質流性質與抵抗永久變形之能力，探討填充料不同添加量與添加不同活性指數之水淬爐石粉對爐石粉瀝青膠漿之影響，並與對照組基底瀝青AC-20進行比較，判斷不同添加量填充料與添加不同活性指數之水淬爐石粉對基底瀝青AC-20之改善效益。

　　本研究之實驗結果顯示，顯示無論添加3%wt～5%wt、100級或120級水淬爐石粉對基底瀝青AC-20之工程性質並不會造成顯著影響，但提升添加量至15%wt、30%wt後，無論細度是100級或120級水淬爐石粉，爐石粉瀝青膠漿之工程性質或質流性質皆有明顯的提升；離析試驗結果顯示在各個試樣頂管與底管軟化點之溫度差皆在3℃，其拌合均勻性皆在可接受範圍內；於軟化點試驗方面，試驗結果顯示添加水淬爐石粉之爐石粉瀝青膠漿並未對軟化點溫度有所提升；在黏滯度試驗方面，不論是在60℃或135℃的溫度下，大部分爐石粉瀝青膠漿皆高於AC-20之黏滯度試驗值；經由頻率掃描後，試驗結果顯示添加100級或120級3%wt～5%wt或15%wt水淬爐石粉，其爐石粉瀝青膠漿之複合模數主曲線與對照組基底瀝青AC-20相比，較無明顯提升效益，但當添加量提升到30%wt爐石粉瀝青膠漿，其複合模數主曲線擁有明顯的提升；最後經多重潛變應力回復試驗下，大多試樣對於抗永久變形有提升之趨勢。透過一系列試驗結果本研究推斷，添加過少水淬爐石粉填充料，未能對基底瀝青AC-20造成影響，但添加量至一定量之時，其爐石粉瀝青膠漿確實能提升基底瀝青AC-20之工程性質。

With the increasing traffic flow and the problem of the hot and rainy weather in Taiwan, asphalt pavement tends to damage before it reaches the end of its service life. The production of industrial by-products has increased in response to manufacturing demand, while environmental issues such as their disposal are also being addressed. In this study, GGBFS (Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag), an industrial by-product, was used as filler and mixed with asphalt cement (AC-20) to produce various asphalt mastics.

This study selected grade 100 and grade 120 of GGBFS as filler, and used 5 different ratio of adding and mixing with AC-20 using high-speed mixer. AC-20 and ten mastic samples were made for testing according to the amount of filler added and the activity index. Through the test of softening point, viscosity, segregation test, frequency sweep by dynamic shear rheometer and multiple stress creep recovery test, this study investigated the effects of different additives of filler and GGBFS with different activity indices on asphalt mastic by taking into account the relevant engineering properties, mixing uniformity, rheology and the ability to resist permanent deformation.

The results of the test showed that the addition of 3% wt to 5% wt. GGBFS does not affect the engineering properties of the asphalt mastics. When increasing the addition amount to 15% wt, 30% wt, regardless of the activity index of grade 100 or grade 120 GGBFS, the engineering properties or the properties of the rheology of the asphalt mastic were significantly improved. The segregation test showed that the temperature difference between the softening point of the top and bottom part was 3℃, hence the mixing homogeneity meet the specification requirement. The test results showed that the softening point temperature was not increased by the addition of GGBFS to the asphalt mastic. In the viscosity test, most of the asphalt mastic were higher than the viscosity test value of AC-20 at either 60℃ or 135℃. After frequency sweep, the test results showed that the complex modulus master curve of the asphalt mastic with the addition of 3%wt～5%wt or 15%wt of Grade 100 or Grade 120 GGBFS was not significantly higher than that of AC-20. However, the complex modulus master curve was significantly improved when the addition of 30%wt GGBFS asphalt mastic. Finally, most of the samples showed a tendency to improve the resistance to permanent deformation under the multiple stress creep recovery test. Through a series of tests, it was concluded that the addition of little GGBFS filler does not affect the AC-20, but the GGBFS asphalt mastic does enhance the engineering properties of the AC-20 when added to a certain amount.

　摘要 Ⅰ
Abstract Ⅲ
　致謝 Ⅴ
　目錄 Ⅵ
圖目錄 Ⅷ　
表目錄 Ⅺ
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機 2
1.3 研究目的 2
1.4 研究範圍 2
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2.1 瀝青材料 3
2.1.1 瀝青材料生產 3
2.1.2 瀝青材料性質 4
2.1.3 瀝青材料組成 5
2.2 水淬高爐石 10
2.2.1 水淬高爐石粉之生產 11
2.2.2 水淬高爐石粉之物理性質 12
2.2.3 水淬高爐石粉之物理性質國外規範 13
2.2.4 水淬高爐石粉之化學性質 14
2.3 填充料對於膠漿性質影響 16
2.3.1 填縫理論（Filler Theory） 16
2.3.2 膠漿理論（Mastic Theory） 16
2.3.3 吸附理論 17
2.4 瀝青材料質流性質 17
2.4.1 牛頓流體與非牛頓流體 17
2.4.2 瀝青之質流性質 18
2.4.3 時間-溫度疊加原理 23
2.5 礦物填充料瀝青膠漿 25
2.5.1 礦物填充料瀝青膠漿選用與製作 25
2.5.2 礦物填充料之微觀性質 27
2.5.3 礦物填充料之質流性質 29
第三章 研究方法 33
3.1 研究架構與流程 33
3.2 試驗材料 34
3.2.1 AC-20性質與規範 34
3.2.2 填縫料 35
3.3 試驗配置 36
3.3.1 試驗材料編碼 36
3.3.2 拌合方法 37
3.4 試驗項目 38
3.4.1 軟化點試驗 39
3.4.2 黏滯度試驗 40
3.4.3 針入度試驗 42
3.4.4 離析試驗 43
3.4.5 頻率掃描 44
3.4.6 多重潛變應力回復試驗 47
第四章 試驗結果與分析 50
4.1 離析試驗結果分析 50
4.2 軟化點試驗結果分析 51
4.3 黏滯度試驗結果分析 52
4.4 質流性試驗結果分析 55
4.4.1 複合模數（Complex Modulus, G*）與複合模數主曲線 55
4.4.2 相位角與相位角主曲線 67
4.4.3 以添加量層面探討 73
4.4.4 以細度層面探討 74
4.4.5 爐石粉瀝青膠漿與對照組AC-20之比較 78
4.5 多重應力潛變回復試驗結果分析 84
第五章 結論與建議 88
5.1 結論 88
5.2 建議 89
參考文獻 90

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