現今環保意識抬頭，各車廠為了提高燃油效率，減少廢氣排放，藉由將旗下車款
減輕懸吊系統重量，原先車廠大都為了節省成本都使用鋼製控制臂，因價格便宜且高
強度及剛性，但重量較重，故許多車廠藉由改變下控制臂材料或修改控制臂外型，進
而來達成輕量化目標。
本研究旨將下控制臂輕量化，將材料 SAPH440更換為一般鋁合金，並將下控制臂
造型進行修改，分別設計出三個缺口(A、B、C)不同尺寸的大小，利用 ANSYS軟體進
行靜態結構分析，得出等效應力、變形量及總重量結果，最後利用 Design Expert 分析
找出下控制臂最佳的製程參數。透過模擬的方式，得出三個缺口的最佳參數值為 A 缺
口 16.45 mm，B 缺口 0 mm，C 缺口 15 mm，發現優化後的模型等效應力比原模型降低
了0.19 %，變形量增加了141 %，重量減少了65 %，透過模擬的方式不僅有效減少實
驗時間和成本，更能加快產品測試。

Nowadays, environmental awareness is on the rise. Car manufacturers strive to improve fuel efficiency and reduce exhaust emissions by lightening their vehicles' suspension systems. In the past, most manufacturers used steel control arms because they are inexpensive and offer high strength and rigidity. However, steel control arms are heavy. To address this, many manufacturers are now achieving weight reduction by using different materials for the lower control arms or by modifying their design.
This research aims to reduce the weight of the lower control arm by changing its material from SAPH440 to aluminums alloy and modifying its shape. Three gaps (A, B, and C) of different sizes were designed. ANSYS software was used to perform static structural analysis to obtain results for equivalent stress, total deformation, and total weight. Finally, Design Expert analysis was used to determine the optimal process parameters for the lower control arm. The simulation results showed that the optimal parameter values for the three gaps were A gap at 16.45 mm, B at 0 mm, and C at 15 mm. It was found that the equivalent stress of the optimized model was reduced by 0.19% compared to the original model, total deformation increased by 141%, and weight decreased by 65%. The simulation effectively reduced experimental time and costs and accelerated product testing.

摘要 ......... i
Abstract ......... ii
誌謝 ......... iii
目錄 ......... iv
表目錄 .......... vi
圖目錄 ......... vii
第一章 緒論 ......... 1
1.1 前言 ......... 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 ......... 2
1.3 文獻回顧 ......... 3
1.4 研究流程 ......... 4
第二章 基礎理論 ......... 5
2.1 汽車懸吊系統簡介 ......... 5
2.2 麥花臣與雙A臂 ......... 6
2.3 有限元素法簡介 ......... 9
2.4 結構分析理論 ......... 10
2.4.1 等效應力 ......... 10
2.4.2 應變能 ......... 10
2.5 六個標準差 ......... 11
2.6 變異數分析 ......... 12
2.7 殘差分析 ......... 12
第三章 實驗方法 .........13
3.1 實驗流程 ......... 13
3.2 分析過程 ......... 14
3.3 因子及水準選擇 ......... 15
3.4 負載值計算 .........16
3.5 網格數量與品質 ......... 17
3.6 材料特性圖( SAPH440、Aluminum Alloy) .........18
3.7 邊界條件設定 .........19
第四章 結果與討論 .........20
4.1 Ansys靜態結構分析 ......... 20
4.1.1 原模型與輕量化後等效應力比較 ......... 21
4.1.2 原模型與輕量化模型總變形比較 ......... 22
4.1.3 原模型與輕量化模型重量比較 .........23
4.2 變異數分析-衡量回歸模型表現指標 .........24
4.3 殘差分析 ......... 26
4.3.1 殘差之常態分配檢查 .........26
4.3.2 殘差與預測值檢查 ......... 28
4.3.3 殘差與實驗順序檢查 ......... 29
4.3.4 預測值與實際值檢查 ......... 31
4.3.5 Box-Cox 轉換檢查 ......... 32
4.3.6 殘差與因子檢查 ......... 34
4.3.7 LEVERAGE與實驗順序檢查 ......... 38
4.3.8 DFFITS與實驗順序影響度檢查 .........40
4.3.9 DFBETAS與實驗順序影響力檢查 .........41
4.4 最佳化參數設計 ......... 43
4.5 最佳化分析結果驗證 ......... 47
第五章 結論與未來展望 .........49
5.1 結論 ......... 49
5.2 未來展望 ......... 50
參考文獻 ......... 51
Extended Abstract ......... 52
Abract .........52

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