臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

粉末冶金含油軸承廣泛使用於電腦散熱風扇，以帶走電子設備產生之熱量，保護電子設備能夠正常運轉。隨著電子設備的效能提升要求與縮小化趨勢，風扇軸承的性能是否能符合各項電子設備之需求是設計者與製造商隨時面臨的挑戰。本文主要是建立粉末冶金軸承表面與潤滑油性能檢測技術，及電腦散熱風扇的整機性能測試。實驗結果顯示，基於7種潤滑油的含水率、總酸價、表面張力、VI值、黏度值發現以B油具有最佳性能，而就循環潤滑油而言，發現隨著黏度增加表面張力上升，表示其親和性增加；不同製程的粉末冶金軸承其孔隙率並不同，其孔洞分佈介於0.64 μm ~ 10 μm之間，以商用電腦散熱風扇進行整機測試發現(1)若長時間運轉下會使粉末冶金軸承表面剝落形成銅、鈮磨屑顆粒，從原先二體潤滑變成三體潤滑。(2) 觀察在25、45 ℃不同環境下，以相同轉速2100 rpm檢測電腦散熱風扇三軸加速規振動RMS、Peak to Peak 數值，發現在45 ℃時上升22.3 %，顯示電腦散熱風扇振動會隨溫度上升而上升。(3)在轉速2500 rpm與3000 rpm下，電腦散熱風扇X、Y軸振動RMS、Peak to Peak 數值高且有不穩定波幅，故以超出電腦散熱風扇安全值。(4)長時間高溫60 ℃環境下電腦散熱風扇表面溫度從58.5 ℃上升至61.3 ℃，轉速從2150 rpm下降至2085 rpm，電流、振動RMS、Peak to Peak數值不穩定。(5) 不同環境下45 ℃、60 ℃電腦散熱風扇振動快速傅立葉轉換(FFT)分析發現，能夠明確找出電腦散熱風扇基頻、葉片頻率，也因粉末冶金軸套與軸心之間間隙產生鬆動，導致以基頻倍率放大的外力激振頻率。

Powder metallurgy oil-impregnated bearings are widely used in computer cool-ing fans to take away the heat generated by electronic equipment and protect the normal operation of electronic equipment. With the increasing performance require-ments and shrinking trend of electronic equipment, whether the performance of fan bearings can meet the needs of various electronic equipment is a challenge that de-signers and manufacturers face at any time. This paper mainly establishes the powder metallurgy bearing surface and lubricating oil performance testing technology, and the computer cooling fan performance test. The experimental results show that, based on the water content, total acid value, surface tension, VI value, and viscosity value of 7 kinds of lubricating oils, it is found that B oil has the best performance, while for circulating lubricating oil, it is found that the surface tension increases with the in-crease of viscosity. , indicating that its affinity increases; powder metallurgy bearings of different processes have different porosity, and the pore distribution is between 0.64 μm ~ 10 μm. The whole machine test with a commercial computer cooling fan found that (1) If the bearing is operated for a long time, the porosity is different. It will cause the surface of the powder metallurgy bearing to peel off to form copper and niobium wear debris particles, from the original two-body lubrication to three-body lubrication. (2) Observe the vibration RMS and Peak to Peak values of the computer cooling fan triaxial accelerometer at the same speed of 2100 rpm under dif-ferent environments of 25 and 45 °C. It is found that the value increases by 22.3 % at 45 °C, indicating that the vibration of the computer cooling fan will increase with The temperature rises and rises. (3) At 2500 rpm and 3000 rpm, the X and Y axis vi-bration RMS and Peak to Peak values of the computer cooling fan are high and have unstable fluctuations, so it exceeds the safe value of the computer cooling fan. (4) The surface temperature of the computer cooling fan rises from 58.5 ℃ to 61.3 ℃ under the high temperature of 60 ℃ for a long time, the rotation speed drops from 2150 rpm to 2085 rpm, and the current, vibration RMS, and Peak to Peak values are unstable. (5) The fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis of the vibration filter of the computer cooling fan at 45 °C and 60 °C in different environments found that the fundamental frequency and blade frequency of the computer cooling fan can be clearly found. Loosening occurs, resulting in an external force excitation frequency that is amplified by the fundamental frequency.

摘要...i
Abstract...ii
誌謝...iv
目錄...v
表目錄...ix
圖目錄...x
第一章 緒論...1
1.1 前言...1
1.2 研究動機與目的...2
1.3 文獻回顧...2
1.3.1 孔隙率相關文獻...2
1.3.2 接觸角、表面張力、表面能相關文獻...3
1.3.3 磨屑相關文獻...3
1.3.4 含水量、總酸價相關文獻...3
1.3.5 濕度相關文獻...4
1.3.6 振動相關文獻...4
1.3.7 模態分析、壽命相關文獻...4
1.4 論文架構...5
第二章 基礎理論...6
2.1 多自由度自由振動模態分析...6
第三章 實驗方法與儀器...9
3.1 實驗方法...9
3.2 接觸角量測儀 (FTA)...10
3.2.1 量測接觸角實驗步驟...10
3.2.2 量測表面張力實驗步驟...11
3.2.3 接觸角量測儀注意事項...11
3.3 光學顯微鏡 (OM)...11
3.3.1 光學顯微鏡實驗步驟...12
3.3.2 光學顯微鏡注意事項...12
3.4 三維光學顯微鏡 (Bruker)...12
3.4.1 三維光學顯微鏡實驗步驟...13
3.4.2 三維光學顯微鏡注意事項...13
3.5 酸鹼 (pH)值測定儀...14
3.5.1 酸鹼 (pH)測定儀實驗步驟...14
3.5.2 酸鹼 (pH)測定儀注意事項...15
3.6 粒徑分析儀 (PAMAS)...15
3.6.1 粒徑分析儀實驗步驟...15
3.6.2 粒徑分析儀注意事項...15
3.7 奈米粒徑分析儀 (NanoSight)16
3.7.1 奈米粒徑分析儀實驗步驟...16
3.7.2 奈米粒徑分析儀注意事項...16
3.8 卡式水分測定儀...17
3.8.1 卡氏水分測定儀實驗步驟...17
3.8.2 卡氏水分測定儀注意事項...17
3.9 總酸價測定儀...18
3.9.1 總酸價測定儀實驗步驟...18
3.9.2 總酸價測定儀注意事項...19
3.10 奧斯窩黏度計...19
3.10.1 奧斯窩黏度計實驗步驟...20
3.10.2 奧斯窩黏度計注意事項...20
3.11 恆溫恆濕箱、恆溫培養箱...20
3.11.1 恆溫恆濕箱操作步驟...21
3.11.2 恆溫培養箱操作步驟...22
3.11.3 恆溫恆濕箱、恆溫培養箱注意事項...22
3.12 轉速計 (Chauvin Arnoux C.A 25)...22
3.12.1 轉速計操作步驟 (Chauvin Arnoux C.A 25)...22
3.13 加速規...22
3.13.1 加速規實驗步驟...23
3.13.2 加速規注意事項...24
3.14 紅外線熱像儀 (P384-20)...24
3.14.1 紅外線熱像儀操作步驟 (P384-20)...24
3.14.2 紅外線熱像儀注意事項 (P384-20)...24
3.15 電流器、電流紀錄器...24
3.15.1 電流器、電流紀錄器實驗步驟...25
3.15.2 電流器、電流紀錄器注意事項...25
3.16 電源供應器...25
3.16.1 電源供應器操作步驟...25
3.16.2 電源供應器注意事項...25
3.17 電腦散熱風扇...26
第四章 結果與討論...27
4.1 孔隙率磨潤性質量測...27
4.2 不同油品潤滑性能...29
4.2.1 不同油品之總酸價分析...30
4.2.2 不同油品之pH分析...30
4.2.3 不同油品之含水量分析...31
4.2.4 不同油品之黏度分析...32
4.2.5 不同油品之VI值分析...34
4.2.6 不同油品之表面張力分析...34
4.2.7 不同油品之粒徑分析...37
4.3 不同轉速下電腦散熱風扇基本性能分析...42
4.3.1 不同轉速下電腦散熱風扇耗電量分析...42
4.3.2 不同轉速下電腦散熱風扇電流分析...44
4.3.3 不同轉速下電腦散熱風扇溫度分析...44
4.3.4 不同轉速下電腦散熱風扇振動均方根值(RMS)分析...49
4.3.5 不同轉速下電腦散熱風扇振動峰對峰值(Peak to Peak)分析...51
4.3.6 不同轉速下電腦散熱風扇振動快速傅立葉轉換(FFT)分析...54
4.4 電腦散熱風扇軸承潤滑劑磨屑成分分析...57
4.4.1 損壞電腦散熱風扇軸承潤滑劑磨屑成分分析...57
4.4.2 長時間電腦散熱風扇運轉之軸承潤滑劑磨屑成分分析...59
4.5 不同環境下電腦散熱風扇長時間測試...62
4.5.1 不同環境下電腦散熱風扇電流耗電量分析...62
4.5.2 不同環境下電腦散熱風扇溫度分析...64
4.5.3 不同環境下電腦散熱風扇轉速分析...70
4.5.4 不同環境下電腦散熱風扇振動均方根值(RMS)分析...70
4.5.5 不同環境下電腦散熱風扇振動峰對峰值(Peak to Peak)分析...73
4.5.6 不同環境下電腦散熱風扇振動濾波快速傅立葉轉換(FFT)分析...76
第五章 結論與未來展望...81
5.1 結論...81
5.2 未來展望...82
參考文獻...83
Extended Abstract...87

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