臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文主要提出應用於無人機上之通信天線設計，共兩款天線分別應用於無 人機上，分為五章節。第一章為序論，第二、三、四章提出天線設計研究及探討， 第五章為結論及未來發展討論。三款天線分別為超寬頻(UWB)單極天線、UWB 2×2MIMO 單極天線及 Sub-6G 頻段中 n77~n79 之 4×4 雙開槽天線。天線設計原理 以單極天線、槽孔天線為基礎，配合無人機環境量身打造，可有效與無人機搭配 應用。第一款天線為超寬頻(UWB)單極天線設計，操作頻段為 3.1 GHz~10.6 GHz，U 型結構連結到匹配的傳輸線，其天線以倍頻型式產生模態，U 型結構的天線提供 更寬的頻寬，在接地面上有半圓切口增加其匹配度，並將天線安裝於無人機機臂 上，做其研究探討，；第二款天線為第一款天線的延伸，將超寬頻單極天線製作 成 2×2 MIMO 型式，增加其通道容量，提高超寬頻天線無線傳輸的可靠性，並搭 配無人機環境配置天線，將不同的擺放方式做出探討結果。第三款天線針對未來 5G NR 中的 FR1 頻段，也就是大家耳熟能詳的 Sub-6 GHz 為頻段來做天線設計， 並安裝於無人機機身下方，其 天線操作頻段為 3.3 GHz~5 GHz，頻寬涵蓋 n77~n79。 天線設計利用 4 支雙開槽天線搭配成 4×4 MIMO，雙開槽結構共振兩種模態，並 於接地面挖出 L 型槽孔改變其電流，提高整體天線之隔離度。由於雙開槽結構激 發出兩個相似場型的共振模態，鄰近模態形成一個較寬的頻帶，以增加天線整體 頻寬。最後針對上述天線做整體總結，並討論未來無人機各式應用及無人機無線通 信的未來發展。

In this thesis, the subjects focuses on the antenna for UAV communication applications. Three kinds of antenna for UAV are proposed, and this paper is divided into five main sections. Sections one is the introduction. Section two, three and four provides antenna design research and discussion. Finally, section five outlites some plans for future development. The three kinds of antenna, one is UWB monopole, another is UWB 2×2 MIMO monopole, and the other is Sub-6 GHz band n77 to n79 double open slot antenna. The antenna design principle based on monopole and slot, the antenna to customize with UAV environment. This three kinds of antenna can effectively with the application of the UAV. The first antenna is UWB monopole, operating frequency bands of 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz. U-shaped structure linked to a matching transmission line, and its generates are modes at double frequency. U-shaped structure to provide a wider bandwidth, its ground plane have semicircle incision for matching, and the antenna installed on the wings to do its research. The second antenna is an extension of the first antenna, and the UWB monopole is made into 2×2 MIMO type and increase channel capacity. Improve the reliability of UWB antenna wireless transmission. It is also equipped with an antenna for the UAV environment, and the results of different placement are discussed. The third antenna is targets FR1 in the future 5NR bands, and installed under the UAV fuselage. The antenna operating frequency bands of 3.3 GHz~5 GHz, the bandwidth covers n77~n79. The antenna designs uses 4 double open slot antennas to match 4×4 MIMO, and two modes of double open slot structure resonance. Its ground plane have L-shaped slot to change its current, and improve the isolation of the antenna. Due to the dooble open slot structure, and the two resonance modes of similar fields are excited, and adjacent modes form a wider freauency band to increase the overall bandwidth of the antenna. Finally ,make an overall summary of the above antennas, and discuss various
III

future applications of UAV and the future development of UAV wireless communications.

摘要I
ABSTRACT II
誌謝 IV
目錄 V
表目錄 VI
圖目錄 VII
第一章 序論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究目的 3
1.3 文獻導覽 5
1.4 論文題要 9
第二章 超寬頻(UWB)單極天線設計 10
2.1 前言 10
2.2 天線設計原理與結構 10
2.3 天線實驗與量測結果 13
2.4 結論 28
第三章 超寬頻(UWB) 2×2 MIMO 單極天線設計 29
3.1 前言 29
3.2 天線設計原理與結構 29
3.3 天線實驗與量測結果 31
3.4 結論 46
第四章 SUB-6GHZ 4×4 MIMO 開槽孔天線設計 47
4.1 前言 47
4.2 天線設計原理與結構 49
4.3 天線實驗與量測結果 52
4.4 結論 72
第五章 總結論與未來發展 73
5.1 ADS-B 接收器 73
5.2 無人機未來發展與市場分析 74
5.3 總結論 75
參考文獻 76

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