臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

人們對於產品性價比要求日漸嚴苛，使得機械產業逐漸朝向高自動化與高精度之精密製造。在機械的直線傳動中需要精準的定位精度、較高的剛性及低振動等需求，因此選擇滾珠螺桿是個較佳的選擇。在滾珠螺桿的選擇上不僅要考慮滾珠螺桿的外觀尺寸以外，還要考慮不同預壓型式對於傳動性能的影響能對機台來說會有更好性能及產能效率，若能瞭解不同的預壓型式對於傳動性能的影響，便可提供使用者一個選擇上的參考指標。
本文研究目的主要在探討單螺帽加大滾珠預壓及雙螺帽偏移式預壓滾珠螺桿，分別由增大珠徑預壓的方式產生之滾珠對軌道四點式接觸及偏移式預壓所產生之滾珠對軌道兩點式接觸，對這兩種不同預壓形式的滾珠螺桿進行長里程的實驗，探討隨累積的公里數的增加滾珠在螺帽與螺桿內部相互運動所產生的作用力對於螺帽的軌道的熱溫升、螺帽表面應變、螺桿傳動扭矩、螺帽徑向振動以及滾珠螺桿預壓力的下降幅度情況進行量測，觀察以上結果的下降趨勢。經由本實驗探討後得知在螺帽軌道的熱溫升、螺帽表面應變、螺帽徑向振動中單螺帽加大滾珠預壓皆會大於雙螺帽偏移式預壓。單螺帽加大滾珠預壓不論是去程還是回程加減速段的傳動扭矩都會小於雙螺帽偏移式預壓，但在去回程等速段的結果卻是相反。訊號的相似性在單螺帽加大滾珠預壓的螺帽徑向振動訊號相似性會隨實驗增加而下降，雙螺帽偏移式預壓的訊號相似性在下螺帽去程段有較明顯的下降趨勢其餘無下降的趨勢。隨著預壓力的下降對於整體的傳動扭矩訊號的在單螺帽加大滾珠預壓的相似性幾乎不會有變化，在雙螺帽偏移式預壓會呈現緩慢的下降趨勢。

People have increasingly strict requirements for product cost performance. As a result, the machinery industry is gradually moving towards high automation and precision manufacturing. In mechanical linear transmission, precise positioning accuracy, high rigidity and low vibration are required. Therefore, the ball screw is a better choice. In the selection of the ball screw, not only the appearance and size of the ball screw must be considered, but also the influence of different preload types on the transmission performance can have better performance and productivity efficiency for the machine. If you can understand the impact of different preloading types on transmission performance, you can provide users with a reference index for selection.
The research purpose of this paper is mainly to discuss the single nut over-size-ball and the double nut offset preload ball screw, the ball-to-track four-point contact produced by increasing the ball diameter preload, and ball-to-track two-point contact produced by offset preloaded, the operating experiment was carried out on these two different preloaded types ball screws, as the number of kilometers increases, measure the temperature rise above the nut track, the surface strain of the nut, the screw transmission torque, the radial vibration of the nut and preload drop of the effect force generated at the ball between nut and screw, observe the downward trend of the above results. Through the discussion of this experiment, it is found that the thermal temperature rise above the nut track, the surface strain of the nut, and the radial vibration of the nut of the single nut over-size-ball type preloaded are greater than the double nuts offset type preload. The transmission torque of the single nut over-size-ball type preload in the going section or the return section acceleration and deceleration section will be less than the double nuts offset type preload, but the result is opposite in the going and return section constant section. The similarity of the signal. The similarity of the radial vibration signal of the nut with a single nut over-size-ball type preload will decrease with the increase of the experiment. The signal similarity of the offset type preload of the double nut is more obvious in the lower nut forward stroke. The remaining downward trend has no downward trend. With the decrease of the preload, the similarity of the overall transmission torque signal to the single nut over-size-ball type preload hardly changes, and the double nuts offset type preload on the will show a slow downward trend.

摘要.....i
Abstract.....ii
誌謝.......iv
目錄.......v
表目錄.......vii
圖目錄.......viii
第一章 緒論.......1
1.1 前言.......1
1.2 文獻回顧.......2
1.2.1 滾珠螺桿之傳動性能相關研究.......2
1.2.2 滾珠螺桿運動學.......3
1.2.3 預壓力對滾珠螺桿的影響.......3
1.2.4 滾珠螺桿設計參數.......4
1.3研究動機與目的.......5
1.4 論文架構.......6
第二章 基本理論.......7
2.1 滾珠螺桿構造及預壓型式.......7
2.2 潤滑脂的填充.......8
2.3 滾珠螺桿壽命計算.......9
2.4 球通頻率.......9
2.5 振動與訊號處理方法.......10
2.5.1 取樣定理(Sampling Theorem).......10
2.5.2 振動均方根值 (Root Mean Square, RMS).......11
2.5.3 互相關函數 (Partial autocorrelation function, PACF).......12
2.5.4 移動平均 (Moving Average method).......12
2.5.5 快速傅立葉轉換 (Fast Fourier Transform, FFT).......13
2.5.6 訊號分析流程.......13
第三章 實驗方法.......16
3.1 實驗規劃.......16
3.2 實驗設備.......18
3.3 量測儀器.......20
3.3.1 加速規.......20
3.3.2 熱電偶.......22
3.3.3 應變規.......23
3.3.4 扭力計.......25
3.3.5 推拉力計.......25
3.4實驗儀器安裝步驟.......27
第四章 結果與討論.......29
4.1 預壓扭矩.......29
4.2 螺帽之熱溫升.......30
4.3 螺帽表面應變.......38
4.4 滾珠螺桿傳動扭矩.......45
4.5 螺帽徑向振動均方根值(RMS).......52
4.6 互相關函數分析.......57
4.7 加大滾珠預壓與偏移式預壓滾珠螺桿比較.......59
第五章 結論與未來展望.......67
5.1 結論.......67
5.2 未來展望.......68
參考文獻.......69
Extended Abstract.......71

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