臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著全球暖化的影響日益明顯，歐美地區正逐漸實施碳關稅以減少碳排放量，這對臺灣的出口企業帶來了更大的挑戰。為了因應未來趨勢，企業需要進行產品碳足跡的計算與管理，藉此提高產品的環境永續性，並有利於未來外銷至歐美地區。本研究以個案公司鑽石刀具產品為研究對象來計算出產品碳足跡，採用生命週期評估法（Life Cycle Assessment， LCA），從搖籃到大門（Cradle to Gate）的產品邊界範圍，包括原物料階段和製造階段進行數據蒐集與分析，並利用軟體系統計算該產品的碳排放量。最後，根據研究計算結果顯示，鑽石刀具在製程中雷射加工階段所產生的碳排放量較高，提出低碳製程的建議和改善措施以降低該階段碳排放量，同時針對軟體系統提出改進建議。

With the increasing impact of global warming, carbon tariffs are gradually being implemented in Europe and the United States to reduce carbon emissions, posing more significant challenges for export-oriented companies in Taiwan. To cope with future trends, businesses need to calculate and manage their products' carbon footprint, thereby improving their products' environmental sustainability and facilitating future exports to Europe and the United States. This study focuses on a case company that produces polycrystalline diamond tools to calculate the product's carbon footprint. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology is adopted, and data collection and analysis are conducted for the cradle-to-gate product boundary, including the raw material and manufacturing stages, using a software system to calculate the product's carbon emissions. Finally, based on the research results, it is found that the laser processing stage in the manufacturing process of polycrystalline diamond tool generates a relatively high amount of carbon emissions. Suggestions and improvement measures for a low-carbon manufacturing process are proposed to reduce carbon emissions in that stage, along with recommendations for enhancing the software system.

摘要...i
Abstract...ii
誌謝...iv
目錄...v
表目錄...vii
圖目錄...viii
第 一 章 緒論...1
1.1 研究背景...1
1.2 研究動機...1
1.3 研究目的...2
1.4 研究流程...3
第 二 章 文獻探討...5
2.1 鑽石刀具產業及製程...5
2.2 產品永續發展與永續製造...5
2.3 綠色生產...6
2.4 低碳標準發展與路徑...7
2.4.1 ISO 14040 生命週期評估...8
2.4.2 ISO 14064 溫室氣體排放...9
2.4.3 ISO 14067 產品碳足跡...10
2.4.4 PAS 2050碳足跡標準規範...11
2.5 低碳製程分析與評估方法...11
第 三 章 研究方法...13
3.1 研究架構...13
3.1.1 製程盤查程序...13
第 四 章 個案研究...15
4.1 鑽石刀具製造流程...15
4.2 系統邊界設定...16
4.3 盤查軟體系統...17
4.4 製程場域數據收集...18
4.4.1 原物料階段數據...18
4.4.2 製造階段數據...19
4.4.3 產品碳足跡計算結果...21
4.5 低碳製程建議與改善...23
4.6 軟體查證系統建議與改善...24
第 五 章 結論與未來研究...25
5.1 結論...25
5.2 未來研究方向...25
參考文獻...26
附錄一...29
Extended Abstract...45

1.宋育豪（2012）。研究PCD與單晶鑽石刀具之製程。﹝碩士論文。淡江大學﹞臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。 https://hdl.handle.net/11296/bx28hb。
2.Brundtland, G. H. (1987). Our common future—Call for action. Environmental conservation, 14(4), 291-294.
3.Chen, W., Wu, F., Geng, W., & Yu, G. (2017). Carbon emissions in China’s industrial sectors. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 117, 264-273.
4.Elkington, J., & Rowlands, I. H. (1999). Cannibals with forks: The triple bottom line of 21st century business. Alternatives Journal, 25(4), 42.
5.Gao, Y., Li, J., & Song, Y. (2009, August). Performance evaluation of green supply chain management based on membership conversion algorithm. In 2009 ISECS international colloquium on computing, communication, control, and management (Vol. 3, pp. 237-240). IEEE.
6.Garetti, M., & Taisch, M. (2012). Sustainable manufacturing: trends and research challenges. Production planning & control, 23(2-3), 83-104.
7.He, B., Huang, S., & Wang, J. (2015). Product low-carbon design using dynamic programming algorithm. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology, 2, 37-42.
8.He, B., Qian, S., & Li, T. (2023). Modeling product carbon footprint for manufacturing process. Journal of Cleaner Production, 402, 136805.
9.Javied, T., Rackow, T., & Franke, J. (2015). Implementing energy management system to increase energy efficiency in manufacturing companies. Procedia Cirp, 26, 156-161.
10.Li, G., Rahim, M. Z., Pan, W., Wen, C., & Ding, S. (2020). The manufacturing and the application of polycrystalline diamond tools–A comprehensive review. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 56, 400-416.
11.Lima, M. A., Mendes, L. F. R., Mothé, G. A., Linhares, F. G., de Castro, M. P. P., Da Silva, M. G., & Sthel, M. S. (2020). Renewable energy in reducing greenhouse gas emissions: Reaching the goals of the Paris agreement in Brazil. Environmental Development, 33, 100504.
12.Machado, C. G., Winroth, M. P., & Ribeiro da Silva, E. H. D. (2020). Sustainable manufacturing in Industry 4.0: an emerging research agenda. International Journal of Production Research, 58(5), 1462-1484.
13.Maruthi, G. D., & Rashmi, R. (2015). Green Manufacturing: It's Tools and Techniques that can be implemented in Manufacturing Sectors. Materials Today: Proceedings, 2(4-5), 3350-3355.
14.May, G., Stahl, B., Taisch, M., & Kiritsis, D. (2017). Energy management in manufacturing: From literature review to a conceptual framework. Journal of cleaner production, 167, 1464-1489.
15.Moldavska, A., & Welo, T. (2017). The concept of sustainable manufacturing and its definitions: A content-analysis based literature review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 166, 744-755.
16.Pörtner, H. O., Roberts, D. C., Adams, H., Adler, C., Aldunce, P., Ali, E., ... & Ibrahim, Z. Z. (2022). Climate change 2022: Impacts, adaptation and vulnerability (p. 3056). Geneva, Switzerland:: IPCC.
17.Rajput, S. P., & Datta, S. (2020). Sustainable and green manufacturing–A narrative literature review. Materials today: proceedings, 26, 2515-2520.
18.Sinden, G. (2009). The contribution of PAS 2050 to the evolution of international greenhouse gas emission standards. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 14, 195-203.
19.Tian, C., Zhou, G., Lu, F., Chen, Z., & Zou, L. (2021). Cooperative optimization of cutting parameters, process routes, and scheduling considering carbon emissions with analytic target cascading. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 114, 605-623.
20.Tian, C., Zhou, G., Zhang, J., & Zhang, C. (2019). Optimization of cutting parameters considering tool wear conditions in low-carbon manufacturing environment. Journal of cleaner production, 226, 706-719.
21.Vrchota, J., Pech, M., Rolinek, L., & Bednář, J. (2020). Sustainability outcomes of green processes in relation to industry 4.0 in manufacturing: systematic review. Sustainability, 12(15), 5968.
22.Wintergreen, J., & Delaney, T. (2007, May). ISO 14064, international standard for GHG emissions inventories and verification. In 16th annual international emissions inventory conference, Raleigh, NC.
23.Wu X, Li L, He N, Zhao G, Jiang F, Shen J. (2018). Study on the tool wear and its effect ofPCD tool in micro milling of tungsten carbide. Int J Refract Metals Hard Mater, 2018, 77, 61-7.
24.Zameer, H., Wang, Y., Vasbieva, D. G., & Abbas, Q. (2021). Exploring a pathway to carbon neutrality via reinforcing environmental performance through green process innovation, environmental orientation and green competitive advantage. Journal of environmental management, 296, 113383.