臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

現今電子產業迅速發展而造成溫室效應及能源短缺，而能源與國家的發展又有非常密切的關係，而燃料電池是將化學能直接轉換成電能之裝置，是目前能源供電的其中一種，優點為無碳排放及僅少量熱源產生，然而目前燃料電池陰極所使用的觸媒為貴金屬，成本過高且供應容易短缺因而限制燃料電池的大規模生產的可能性。 非貴重金屬觸媒(NPMCs: non-precious metal catalysts)的開發是為了能取代昂貴Pt觸媒，並促進工業順利的發展，研究中的NPMCs不僅有高氧氣還原反應(ORR：oxygen reduction reaction)催化活性而且取得容易。因此，以便宜的碳源來做為碳基材開發非貴重金屬ORR觸媒已成為現今燃料電池的重要研究方向。
本研究使用簡易的方法且較便宜的原料來合成鈷氮碳（CoNC）陰極觸媒，利用富含氮的二胺基吡啶作為氮元素來源，經與鈷離子結合形成螯合物後用過硫酸銨起始聚合反應，最後將所得的複合材料進行鍛燒，形成含鈷活性位點的為非貴重金屬觸媒。並且藉由場放射掃描式電子顯微鏡(FE-SEM) 、高解析穿透式電子顯微鏡(HR-TEM)、恆電位電流儀及燃料電池單電池測試等設備來進行觸媒性能的分析。

Nowadays, the rapid development of the electronic industry has caused the greenhouse effect and energy shortage and energy production is closely related to the development of the country. Fuel cell is a device that can directly converts chemical energy into power. It is one of the ways to provide energy. The advantages of using fuel cell to supply power are no carbon emission, and only a small amount of heat source is generated. However, the catalysts used in the current fuel cell cathodes are precious metals, which are expensive and prone to short supply, thus limiting the possibility of large-scale production of fuel cells. The development of non-precious metal catalysts (NPMCs: non-precious metal catalysts) is to replace expensive Pt catalysts and promote the development of the industry. The NPMCs under study not only have high efficiency of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) but easy to obtain. Therefore, the development of NPMCs using cheap carbon sources as carbon substrates has become an important research topic for fuel cells studies.
In this study, a facile method using relatively cheap raw materials was used to prepare cobalt nitrogen carbon (CoNC) cathode catalyst. Nitrogen-rich diaminopyridine was used as the source of nitrogen element, which was chelated with cobalt ions to form a complex in the reaction mixture. The ammonium persulfate was used to initiate the polymerization reaction, and eventually the resulting composite material is calcined to form a NPMC containing cobalt active sites. And by means of field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM), potentiostatic amperometric and fuel cell single cell testing equipment to test the catalyst performance.

摘要 i
Abstract iii
誌謝 v
目錄 vi
表目錄 x
圖目錄 xi
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機 3
1.3 研究架構 5
第二章 文獻回顧 6
2.1 燃料電池的發展 6
2.2 燃料電池發電原理 8
2.3 燃料電池的優點 10
2.4 燃料電池的種類與應用 12
2.5 陰離子交換膜燃料電池(AEMFC) 14
2.5.1 AEMFC之原理 16
2.5.2 陰離子交換膜燃料電池之構造及元件 17
2.5.3 陰離子交換膜 18
2.5.4 觸媒層(Catalyst Layer; CL) 18
2.5.5 氣體擴散層(Gas Diffusion Layer; GDL) 19
2.5.6 雙極板(Bipolar Plates; BP) 20
2.5.7 膜電極組(Membrane Electrode Assembly; MEA) 21
2.6 氧氣還原反應(Oxygen Reduction Reaction;ORR) 23
2.6.1 電子轉移數 24
2.7 非貴重金屬觸媒 25
2.7.1 氮摻雜於碳材料(Nitrogen-doped carbon materials) 26
2.8 二胺基吡啶應用觸媒 27
2.9 電極動力學與電池極化反應現象 27
第三章 實驗 30
3.1 實驗藥品 30
3.2 儀器設備 34
3.3 實驗步驟 36
3.3.1 觸媒前驅物製備 36
3.3.2 鍛燒溫度之觸媒製備 37
3.3.3 線性掃描伏安法(LSV)測定 39
3.3.4 膜電極組(MEA)製備 40
3.3.5 觸媒漿料製備 41
第四章 結果與討論 42
4.1 官能基分析(FT-IR) 42
4.2 TGA分析 43
4.3 表面型態分析(TEM) 44
4.4 HR-TEM分析 45
4.5 結晶性分析(XRD) 47
4.6 SEM表面型態分析(FE-SEM) 48
4.7 能量散射X-射線光譜分析(EDS、Mapping) 51
4.8 有序性分析(Raman) 53
4.9 CoNC-900A800表面性質分析(BET) 54
4.10 觸媒之電化學分析 54
4.10.1 不同比例藥品及合成方法之LSV 54
4.10.2 不同鍛燒溫度LSV (Linear Sweep Voltammetry) 56
4.10.3 電子轉移數 58
4.10.4 Tafel分析 62
4.10.5 CV測試 (Cyclic voltammetry) 63
4.11 單電池分析 64
第五章 結論 66
參考文獻 67

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