臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文分成三個部分，於第一部分，運用農藥殘留檢驗技術與色彩辨識技術來研究如何改良農藥檢測儀器之精確度，於第二部分，使用AD13(Altium Designer 13)軟體來製作驅動電路板，於第三部分，運用光譜檢測技術與色彩辨識技術來實現光譜檢測儀器。
光譜檢測儀器與農藥檢測儀器之軟硬體皆以Raspberry Pi為開發平台與使用python程式語言，使用Raspberry Pi 攝影機模組讀取影像並且使用PyQt函數庫建立GUI圖形使用者介面顯示於Raspberry Pi螢幕上，而色彩辨識技術可使用於光譜檢測上，亦可使用於農藥殘留檢測上。
於農藥檢測儀器部分，本論文嘗試將酵素、呈色劑、緩衝液、酒精、基質做變換測試，共排列出四種不同的藥劑配置方法，目的在於期望找出可以在同一ppm測得穩定數值之種類配置來達到更高之精確度。
於LED驅動與量測電路部分，本論文使用AD13(Altium Designer 13)軟體來製作驅動電路板，製作過程中會先繪製Sch電路圖，其後將零件轉到PCB電路圖上再繪製PCB電路圖，製作出的驅動電路板能配合樹梅派、擴充版、環境光感測器、LED與OLED來做出不同效果。
於光譜檢測儀器部分，在研究中將光源打入長度8公分且頭尾設有遮光物之2個單狹縫3D列印，其擋光物中間留有0.5mm之狹縫來造出光束，光束穿過光柵分光後顯示於白色屏幕上並以Raspberry Pi 攝影機模組讀取影像，來達成光譜檢測之目的。

This paper is divided into three parts. In the first part, the pesticide residue inspection technology and color recognition technology are used to study how to improve the accuracy of the pesticide detection instrument. In the second part, the AD13 (Altium Designer 13) software is used to make the driving circuit board. In the third part, the use of spectrum detection technology and color recognition technology to realize the spectrum detection instrument.

The software and hardware of the spectrum detection instrument and the pesticide detection instrument are all based on Raspberry Pi as the development platform and the python programming language. The Raspberry Pi camera module is used to read the image and the PyQt library is used to create a GUI graphical user interface and display it on the Raspberry Pi screen. , And color recognition technology can be used for spectrum detection, and can also be used for pesticide residue detection.

In the part of pesticide detection equipment, this thesis tries to test enzymes, coloring agents, buffers, alcohols, and substrates, and arranges a total of four different pharmaceutical configuration methods. The purpose is to find a stable value that can be measured at the same ppm The types are configured to achieve higher accuracy.

For the LED drive and measurement circuit part, this paper uses AD13 (Altium Designer 13) software to make the drive circuit board. During the production process, the Sch circuit diagram is drawn first, and then the parts are transferred to the PCB circuit diagram and then the PCB circuit diagram is drawn. The driver circuit board can cooperate with tree plum pie, extended version, ambient light sensor, LED and OLED to make different effects.

For the LED drive and measurement circuit part, this paper uses AD13 (Altium Designer 13) software to make the drive circuit board. During the production process, the Sch circuit diagram is drawn first, and then the parts are transferred to the PCB circuit diagram and then the PCB circuit diagram is drawn. The driver circuit board can cooperate with tree plum pie, extended version, ambient light sensor, LED and OLED to make different effects.

摘要...i
Abstract...ii
誌謝...iv
目錄...v
表目錄...vii
圖目錄...viii
第一章、緒論...1
1.1 Raspberry Pi簡介...1
1.2單縫繞射介紹...2
1.3 研究動機...3
第二章、文獻探討...4
2.1 HSL和HSV色彩空間...4
2.2光譜儀...6
2.3光學頻譜...7
2.4 乙醯膽鹼與乙醯膽鹼酯酶...8
第三章、環境建置與實驗方法...9
3.1農藥檢測部分...9
3.1.1實驗架構流程圖...9
3.1.2實體架構...10
3.1.3實驗原理與方法...11
3.1.4農藥檢測儀與手機app...13
3.2 LED驅動與量測電路部分...14
3.2.1 IC555與定電流驅動電路之硬體架構流程圖...14
3.2.2 LED壽命量測驅動電路之硬體架構流程圖...15
3.2.3 24矩陣式光檢測器之硬體架構流程圖...16
3.2.4 Altium Designer 13...17
3.3光譜檢測部分...18
3.3.1實驗架構流程圖...18
3.3.2檢測程式流程圖...19
3.3.3硬體架構介紹...20
3.3.4 實驗原理與方法...24
3.3.4.1 光譜檢測原理...24
3.3.4.2 單狹縫原理與實現方法...24
3.3.4.3 光柵繞射...25
3.3.4.4 由PyQt5所設計之GUI介面...26
3.3.4.5 123D Design軟體與3D列印機...28
3.3.4.6 AutoLaser軟體與雷射切割機...30
3.3.4.7 雷射校正之公式...31
3.4 光譜感測程式說明...33
3.4.1 攝影機參數設定...33
3.4.2 掃描之範圍設定...34
3.4.3 掃描紅框內範圍RGB...35
3.4.4 RGB轉HSV...36
第四章、結果與討論...37
4.1 農藥檢測部分...37
4.1.1 第一組更換配置測試...37
4.1.2 第二組更換配置測試...39
4.1.3 第三組更換配置測試...41
4.1.4 第四組更換配置測試...43
4.2 LED驅動與量測電路部分...45
4.2.1 IC555與定電流驅動電路...45
4.2.2 LED壽命量測驅動電路...47
4.2.3 24矩陣式光檢測器...51
4.3光譜檢測部分...53
4.3.1光譜檢測結果...53
4.3.2光譜儀之測試...56
第五章、結論...57
參考文獻...58
附錄...59
農藥檢測儀之零件表...59
LED驅動與量測電路之零件表...59
光譜檢測儀之零件表...61
Extended Abstract...62

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