臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文提出以意法半導體所研製和生產的32位元微處理器及複雜可程式化邏輯裝置的架構，來設計具頻率追蹤之超音波清洗機驅動與控制系統。以因應超音波設備在驅動過程中，會因各種外部環境因素，如溫度或負載發生改變。導致設備上超音波振動子的最佳工作頻率發生偏移的問題。系統透過全橋式逆變器電路輸出級訊號做為驅動訊號，並結合諧振電感與超音波振動子進行L型阻抗匹配網路架構建立，以驅動超音波清洗機。系統在頻率追蹤過程中，藉由即時檢測安裝在超音波清洗機上的超音波振動子之電壓與電流訊號的振幅與相位訊號進行分析與處理。接著再以PID控制方法進行回授控制，計算出當前頻率相位差對目標相位差所需要的補償頻率，使得超音波清洗機驅控系統實現自動追頻的功能。在人機介面方面，使用了市售的4吋觸控薄膜電晶體液晶顯示器面板進行設計，藉由判斷觸控於介面上不同功能區塊座標範圍的方式，進行後續操作與設定超音波清洗機相關功能與運作停止，並且將超音波清洗機驅動的相關參數資訊，即時顯示在介面上。
在系統製作完成後，透過鋁箔試驗法進行本論文所設計之超音波清洗機驅控系統在頻率追蹤驅動時的洗淨效果驗證。並且在相同的工作環境條件下，將實驗結果與超音波清洗機中，原先的驅動電路鋁箔試驗法結果進行比對，最後證明本論文所設計之系統可以順利運作，並且達到比清洗機原先驅動電路擁有更好的清洗效果。

This paper proposes to design the ultrasonic cleaning machine driving system with frequency tracking function, which is based on the architecture of 32-bit microprocessors developed and produced by STMicroelectronics (STM32) and Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD) for the cleaning machine. In order to respond to the problem of the best operating frequency deviation caused by various external factors, such as temperature or load in ultrasonic driving equipment. The system uses the full-bridge inverter circuit output stage signal as the driving signal and combines the resonant inductor and the ultrasonic vibrator to build an L-match impedance matching network architecture to drive the ultrasonic cleaning machine. In the process of frequency tracking, the system analyzes and processes the amplitude and phase signals of the voltage and current signals of the ultrasonic vibrator installed on the ultrasonic cleaning machine in real-time. Then the PID control method is used for feedback control, and the compensation frequency required by the current frequency phase error to the target phase error is calculated so that the ultrasonic cleaning machine driving system can achieve the function of automatic frequency tracking. In terms of the human-machine interface, a commercially available 4-inch touch thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) is used for design. By judging the coordinate range of different functional blocks on the interface, follow-up operations and settings of the ultrasonic cleaning machine are performed, and relevant parameter information on the ultrasonic cleaner drive is displayed on the interface in real-time.
After the system is completed, the cleaning effect of the ultrasonic cleaning machine driving system designed in this paper is verified by the aluminum foil test method when the frequency tracking is driven. Under the same working environment conditions, compare the experimental results with the results of the original driving circuit aluminum foil test method in the ultrasonic cleaning machine. Finally, it is proved that the system designed in this paper can operate smoothly and achieve a better cleaning effect than the original ultrasonic cleaning machine driving circuit method.

摘要......i
Abstract......ii
誌謝......iv
目錄......v
表目錄......viii
圖目錄......ix
符號說明......xv
第一章 緒論......1
1.1 研究動機與目的......1
1.2 研究方法......2
1.3 論文架構......2
第二章 系統原理與技術......3
2.1 超音波振動子......3
2.1.1 Butterworth-Van Dyke 超音波振動子等效模型......6
2.1.2 串、並聯諧振電路......8
2.1.3 超音波振動子等效模型參數推導與驗證......18
2.2 全橋式逆變器輸出級與L型阻抗匹配網路......30
2.3 回授控制與相位檢測......38
2.3.1 電壓-電流相位檢測......39
2.3.2 PID回授控制......43
第三章 系統架構與設計......44
3.1 系統架構......44
3.1.1 STM32 ARM 32-bit微處理器......46
3.1.2 複雜可程式化邏輯裝置......48
3.1.3 觸控顯示面板......50
3.2 驅動電路設計......51
3.2.1 系統電源設計......52
3.2.2 直接數位合成器電路......53
3.2.3 全橋式逆變器電路......56
3.2.4 電流檢測電路......58
3.3 數位電路設計......61
3.3.1 CPLD架構......61
3.3.2 全橋式逆變器閘級控制模組......62
3.3.3 電壓檢測訊號......64
3.4 人機介面設計-開發者介面......65
3.4.1 參數設定模式......67
3.4.2 頻率掃描模式......68
3.4.3 固定頻率模式......69
3.4.4 頻率追蹤模式......70
3.5 人機介面設計-使用者介面......71
3.5.1 使用者使用模式......73
3.6 系統各模式流程圖......74
第四章 系統測試與實驗......77
4.1 實驗環境......77
4.2 驅動器測試......78
4.3 鋁箔法試驗......82
4.4 結果討論......85
第五章 結論與未來展望......86
5.1 結論......86
5.2 未來展望......86
參考文獻......87
附錄一......90
附錄二......91
附錄三......92
附錄四......93
Extended Abstract......94

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