臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來，定位系統發展迅速，在日常生活中應用廣泛，定位系統結合智慧型手機，成為現代人外出必備的導航工具。近期交通工具大多數使用手機做規畫行駛路徑，使民眾邊行駛交通工具邊使用手機，造成民眾注意力不集中，容易發生交通事故。在四周無人且通訊設施覆蓋不佳的偏遠地區，無法使用手機為導航及求救功能，使救難人員提高搜救困難度，錯失黃金救援時間。
隨著國際自行車產業不斷創新和進步，提升民眾對環境保護意識與養成綠色交通的運動習慣。國內自行車製造商擴大建置與營運自行車公共租賃系統，越來越多人使用自行車代替汽車或公共交通工具通勤，降低交通雍塞兼具環保節能，而自行車也是熱門的休閒運動，單車環島更是許多人心中的夢想。 該系統設計的容易理解，使幼年至年長者能輕易操控，均可安心行駛自行車。本文結合航空領域與物聯網之概念，使用5G 網絡、ZigBee和藍牙無線通訊，達到長距離與短距離的傳輸，裝置具備導航、緊急求救按鈕和智能照明整合成多方監控與搜救系統。此外，在山域地形陡峭、行走不易的地區，結合無人機進行救難搜救輔助，降低救難人員的危險，提高受難人員的生存機率。本系統將用戶的經緯度位置和即時影像透過無人機傳輸至領隊的手持設備，快速搜索受難人員及準確獲取位置資訊，提升救援效率與維護團隊之安全性。
本論文主要給於自行車團隊使用，從需求出發智能製造，同時監控多位隊員，達到即時畫面，通訊導航、緊急求救等多功能系統，目標將自行車成為更安全的休閒運動和交通工具，降低團隊管理成本和交通事故，提高救援效率，設計得易於操作、方便攜式、體積小、多功能之特色。該系統提出三種應用: (i)為隊員提供導航和救援照明功能，(ii)監控隊員的位置和即時影像，以及(iii)使用無人機進行搜索和救援。

The positioning system has developed rapidly and has been widely applied in daily life in recent years, which improves the convenience of people's life significantly. The incorporation of positioning system in smartphones has become an essential navigation tool for modern individuals when going out. Recently, most transportation vehicles utilize mobile phones to plan their routes, leading passengers to rely on their phones while traveling. This diversion of attention can result in decreased concentration and an increased risk of traffic accidents. In remote areas with sparse population and inadequate communication infrastructure coverage, using smartphones for navigation and emergency rescue is not feasible. This makes it difficult for rescue personnel to conduct search and rescue operations, resulting in missed opportunities to provide timely assistance during critical situations.
With the continuous innovation and advancement in the international bicycle industry, there has been an increase in public awareness of environmental protection and the cultivation of green transportation habits. Since domestic bicycle manufacturers are expanding the establishment and operation of bicycle-sharing systems, more and more people are opting to commute by bicycles instead of using cars or public transportation. This shift not only reduces traffic congestion but also promotes environmental conservation amd energy efficiency. Furthermore, bicycles are also popular for recreational activities, and round-island tour has become a dream for many people. The system is designed to be easily understandable, allowing individuals from young children to the elderly to operate bicycles with ease and safety. This study integrates aviation principles and Iot applications, utilizing 5G network, ZigBee, and Bluetooth wireless communication technologies to achieve both long-range and short-range transmission capabilities. The device is eqipped with a navigation system, an emergency call button and smart lighting, making it a versatile monitoring and rescue system. Moreover, in rugged terrains like the Jiamos Mountain area where navigation is challenging, integrating drones to assist search and rescue process reduces the risk for rescue personnel and enhances the chances of survival for those in distress. This system transmits users' latitude and longitude positions along with real-time images to the leader's handheld device via drones, enabling rapid search for distressed individuals and accurate retrieval of location information, thereby enhancing rescue efficiency and ensuring the team’s safety.
This study predominantly targets on the usage of the bycicle teams. Starting from the smart manufacturing of the bicycles, we are striving to develop bicycles capable of monitoring multiple teammates simultaneously, achieving the versatility of real-time images, navigation, and communication and emergency call. Our goal is to transform cycling into a safer leisure sport and mode of traffic transportation, thereby significantly reducing the costs associated with team management and traffic accidents, while also enhancing rescue efficiency. These objectives are faciliated by the user-friendly, portable, compact, and multifunctional characteristics of our design of the product. This system is suitable for three types of applications: (i) providing team members with navigation and rescue lighting functions, (ii) monitoring the positions and real-time images of team members, and (iii) utilizing UAVs for search and rescue.

摘要.....................i
Abstract.....................iii
誌謝.....................v
目錄.....................vi
表目錄.....................x
圖目錄.....................xi
縮語表.....................xvi
第一章 緒論.....................1
1.1前言.....................1
1.2研究目的與方法.....................4
第二章 文獻與技術探討.....................6
2.1文獻探討.....................6
2.2相關技術.....................8
2.2.1第五代行動通訊技術.....................8
2.2.2智慧型運輸系統技術.....................9
2.2.3物聯網技術.....................10
第三章 系統架構.....................13
3.1架構與應用.....................13
3.2自行車穿戴式裝置.....................14
3.3導航裝置設計.....................15
3.4求救系統設計.....................17
3.5領隊監控手持裝置系統設計.....................18
3.6無人機監控與搜救系統設計.....................19
3.6.1機體架構.....................21
3.6.2飛控電腦設計.....................22
3.6.3單晶片電腦設計.....................24
第四章 硬體設計.....................27
4.1微控制器單元.....................28
4.1.1 Arduino模組.....................28
4.2感測器單元.....................30
4.2.1全球衛星定位系統.....................30
4.2.2電子羅盤之計算方法.....................31
4.3通訊單元.....................32
4.3.1 5G網路通訊系統.....................32
4.3.2藍芽無線通訊系統.....................35
4.3.3 ZigBee無線通訊系統.....................37
4.4電路設計..................... 39
4.5 3D列印..................... 40
第五章 軟體設計.....................42
5.1隊員通訊導航裝置.....................42
5.1.1整合式開發環境Android Studio.....................42
5.2領隊監控手持裝置..................... 44
5.2.1整合開發環境Visual Studio IDE Visual C#.....................44
5.2.2空速指示器.....................44
5.2.3姿態儀.....................45
5.2.4航向指示器.....................45
5.2.5電子地圖.....................46
5.3無人機監控與搜救系統.....................47
5.3.1人機介面實現.....................47
5.3.2管理資料庫工具.....................49
5.3.3無人機資料系統.....................50
第六章 系統功能設計.....................52
6.1自行車穿戴式裝置設計.....................52
6.1.1導航操作.....................54
6.1.2緊急求救操作.....................55
6.2領隊監控手持裝置設計.....................56
6.3無人機監控與搜救系統設計.....................58
第七章 系統測試.....................60
7.1 5G即時影像.....................60
7.2無人機飛行與搜救測試.....................61
7.2.1近距離搜尋測試.....................62
7.2.2遠距離搜尋測試.....................63
7.3 GPS接收測試.....................65
7.4緊急求救延遲時間測試.....................67
7.5簡訊延遲時間測試.....................68
7.6藍牙傳輸距離測試.....................71
7.7 ZigBee傳輸距離測試.....................72
第八章　結論.....................75
參考文獻 .....................76
Extended Abstract..................... 77

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