臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

電腦硬體及電腦計算流體力學的進步，近十年電腦計算流體力學(Computational Fluid Dynamics, CFD)技術被普遍應用在船舶阻力預估上，但實船阻力計算仍需有相當運算能力的電腦及時間才可實行，而在船模尺度阻力預估上，則已可藉計算能力較佳的桌上型電腦求解之。以往傳統船型可藉由經驗公式或迴歸分析來預估船舶阻力，這些阻力預估方法是建立在傳統船型下，大多未列入近年才出現的特殊船型數據，而CFD預估船舶阻力技術已成為近年開發新船型性能很好的數據依據。
本研究應用CFD阻力二分法及CFD阻力三分法計算DTMB 5415船型的船模阻力，驗證2001年美國愛荷華大學水動力研究所(Iowa Institute of Hydraulic Research, IIHR)所提出的DTMB 5415船模水槽拖曳技術報告，確認CFD商用計算軟體中設置的流域大小、物理模型、網格質量等參數預估出的船模阻力的精度。同時在相同網格佈置及相當網格數量條件下，佈置了幾個計算流域，驗證如何佈置計算流域對阻力預估會有較佳精確度。證實船體艏向、側向、船底向給予計算流域相對倍數船體長度的延伸可增加不少阻力預估上的精度。最後以DTMB 5415船模的圖檔修改成0°、10°、20°、30°、40°的逆船舷艏船型，個別做數值模擬求解船模阻力，發現逆船舷艏相較原始DTMB 5415船型有較佳的阻力性能表現，從側視波浪高度圖逆船舷艏船型船艏波高較原始DTMB 5415船型來的高，剩餘阻力卻較原始DTMB 5415船型小。

Following the progress of computer and Computation Fluid Dynamic (CFD), CFD uses in predict ship resistance universally in these years. Predict real ship resistance need equivalent ability operation and time to carry out, however, the application of CFD in estimating ship mode resistance can be solved by the desktop computer with better computing. In the past, ship resistance can be estimated by empirical formula or regression analysis, these resistance estimation methods are almost based on the flare ship type, may not included the recent emergence of special ship type data, and CFD estimation ship resistance has become a better data comparison for development of new ship type hull performance estimates in recent years.
In this study, the two-dimensional CFD and three-dimensional CFD prediction methods calculated the resistance of DTMB 5415 ship model, verified the DTMB 5415 ship module technical report by Iowa Institute of Hydraulic Research (IIHR) in 2001, and confirmed the fluid area setting, physical model, grid quality and other parameters predict the ship mode resistance in a certain accuracy. Under the same grid arrangement and considerable quality conditions, several estimate area were arranged, and verified how to arrange the estimate of the area for resistance estimation will better precision. Confirmed the forward, side, bottom to give the estimate area relative multiple ship length extension increased a lot accuracy. Finally, modified the DTMB 5415 ship model to 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 degrees tumblehome ship type, calculated each models resistance, found that the tumblehome ship bow compared to the original DTMB 5415 ship model has a better resistance performance. The wave height wave chart of tumblehome against the wave is higher than original DTMB 5415, but the residual resistance is smaller than
original DTMB 5415.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
致謝 III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VI
圖目錄 VII
符號說明 IX
一、緒論 1
1.1引言 1
1.2文獻回顧 2
1.3研究動機 3
二、船舶阻力理論 4
2.1船舶阻力之種類 5
2.2 Froude氏船舶阻力二分法 6
2.3物理性觀點船舶阻力三分法 7
2.4 CFD電腦流體力學阻力預估方法 7
2.5 CFD阻力三分法實船(裸船)阻力預估法 11
三、流體力學數值分析理論 12
3.1黏性流理論 12
3.2非黏性流理論(Euler方程) 14
3.3物理模型 15
3.2.1 VOF Waves 自由液面 15
3.2.2 Gravity 重力波 15
3.2.3 K-Epsilon紊流模型 15
3.2.4 Two-Layer All y+ Wall Treatment 16
3.2.5 Segregated Flow 16
3.2.6 Volume of Fluid (VOF) 16
3.2.7 Eulerian Multiphase 16
3.2.8 Implicit Unsteady 16
3.2.9 Three-Dimensional 16
四、數值分析條件及方法 17
4.1船體模型建立 17
4.1.1 DTMB 5415驅逐艦船型 17
4.1.2固定DTMB 5415水下參數之逆船舷艏修改船型 19
4.1.3 DTMB 5415逆船舷艏修改(經曲面整順) 21
4.2 流域及邊界條件設置 22
4.3 網格設置 27
4.4 CFD阻力二分法計算模型 30
4.5 CFD阻力三分法計算模型 31
五、 阻力數值分析結果 34
5.1 DTMB 5415以CFD數值分析船舶阻力性能驗證 34
5.1.1 CFD阻力二分法裸船阻力預估 34
5.1.2 CFD阻力三分法裸船阻力預估 40
5.1.3 DTMB 5415 CFD與Fung’s氏迴歸分析阻力預估值比較 41
5.2 DTMB 5415逆船舷艏阻力分析結果 44
5.2.1固定水下體積阻力性能結果 44
5.2.2船殼整順後阻力性能結果 45
六、流場波浪高度圖分析 47
6.1 DTMB 5415 Fr=0.45側視波形圖 47
6.2 DTMB 5415 逆船舷艏Fr=0.45側視波形圖 48
6.2.1固定水下體積側視波形圖 48
6.2.2整順後逆船舷艏Fr=0.45側視波形圖 49
七、結論及未來展望 50
7.1結論 50
7.2未來展望 51
參考文獻 52
附錄 54
附錄一 CFD數值計算DTMB 5415船舶阻力結果 54
附錄二 DTMB 5415 CFD阻力二分法計算與Fung’S式迴歸分析阻力值比較 63
附錄三 CFD DTMB 5415 逆船舷艏阻力分析結果 64
附錄四 流場波浪分布圖 68

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