近年在臺灣西南部沿海有過多次因夜光蟲藻華造成的赤潮紀錄，包括雲林、臺南及高雄海域，而養殖漁業為雲林地區的重要經濟來源，一旦赤潮發生將會造成生態衝擊。
夜光蟲為臺灣周遭海域常見的優勢浮游生物，呈球型的單細胞甲藻，雖然夜光蟲不含毒性，但當赤潮發生時，會大量消耗水域中溶氧，嚴重時造成水域中魚類、貝類大量死亡。
本次研究追蹤夜光蟲數量及多項水質環境之變化，預期能得出影響夜光蟲族群數量變動的因子，以預測未來赤潮發生時機。本研究以雲林海域15個測站為採樣地點(N 23°53'34.36",E 120°12'50.49"至N 23°44'36.00",E 120°07'53.85")，於2017年至2021年各四季(共20季次)進行採集，採集項目包含水質參數、浮游生物、夜光蟲，並分析夜光蟲變化與水質因子、浮游生物之關係。
結果發現，夜光蟲族群在年間及季節間的變化較測站間明顯，2018年第二季及第三季時，族群數量明顯較其他年度高。雲林海域夜光蟲豐度變化的原因包含環境因子及餌料生物兩方面，使用複廻歸分析，結果顯示總油脂量、雙毛紡綞金蚤、亮大眼水蚤、魚卵、太平洋菱形藻、結節圓篩藻與夜光蟲族群量呈正相關，硝酸鹽、亞硝酸鹽、溶氧量、小環毛藻、海洋環毛藻、翼根管藻與夜光蟲族群量呈負相關(R2=0.57)。
由上述結果推測，夜光蟲豐度變化程序如下:海域中做為夜光蟲餌料生物的矽藻、橈足類及魚卵數量增加，並在合適的水溫…等的水域條件下，即會造成夜光蟲豐度快速上升。

In recent years, there have been multiple records of red tide incidents in the waters of Yunlin, Tainan, and Kaohsiung in Taiwan, caused by the Noctiluca scintillans. The aquaculture industry, which serves as a crucial economic source for the Yunlin region, is highly vulnerable to the ecological impacts when red tide events occur. Noctiluca scintillans is predominant plankton species in the surrounding waters of Taiwan. It is a spherical form of dinoflagellate algae. When red tide occurs, it depletes oxygen in the water, leading to mass mortality of fish in the affected area.
Therefore, this study focuses on tracking the abundance of Noctiluca scintillans and various changes in water quality. The aim is to identify factors influencing the fluctuation in the Noctiluca scintillans population and to predict the timing of future red tide occurrences. Sampling was conducted at 15 stations in the Yunlin waters during all four seasons from 2017 to 2021.
Results revealed that the population dynamics of Noctiluca scintillans were more pronounced over both annual and seasonal periods than variations between monitoring stations. During the second and third quarters of 2018, the population was notably higher compared to other years. The fluctuations in Noctiluca scintillans abundance in the Yunlin coastal waters are attributed to both environmental factors and the availability of food organisms. Using multiple regression analysis, it was determined that influencing factors positively correlated with Noctiluca scintillans population include total oil, A. bifilosa、Fish eggs、N. pacfica、C. nodulifer and C. andrewsi. Nitrate, nitrite, dissolved oxygen, C. hystrix、C. pelagicum and R. alata showed a negative correlation. (R2=0.57).
Based on the above results, it is inferred that the abundance variation process of Noctiluca scintillans is as follows: the quantity of diatoms, copepods, and fish eggs, which serve as food for Noctiluca scintillans in the marine environment, increases. This,combined with suitable water temperature and other aquatic conditions, results in a rapid rise in the abundance of Noctiluca scintillans.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
致謝 iii
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
第一章、 前言 1
1.1 研究緣起 1
1.2 文獻回顧 1
1.2.1 分類及分布 1
1.2.2生物發光現象 2
1.2.3食性 2
1.2.4生殖 2
1.2.5藻華 3
1.2.6 影響夜光蟲數量變動的因子 5
1.3 研究目的 7
1.4 實驗架構 7
第二章、 材料與方法 9
2.1 採樣時間、地區及項目 9
2.1.1 採樣海域 9
2.1.2 採樣點分組 9
2.2 浮游性生物採樣 9
2.2.1 浮游性生物採樣方法 9
2.2.2 樣品保存 9
2.2.3 浮游生物種類鑑定 10
2.2.4 浮游生物代號 10
2.3 水質採樣 11
2.3.1 採樣及保存 11
2.3.2 水質因子分析 11
2.4 統計分析 14
2.4.1 數據轉換 14
2.4.2 單因子變異數分析(one way-ANOVA) 14
2.4.3 皮爾森相關性分析(Pearson Correlation) 14
2.4.4 主成分分析(Principal Component Analysis) 14
2.4.5 複迴歸分析(Multiple Regression Analysis) 15
2.4.6 廣義加成分析(General Additive Model) 15
第三章、 研究結果 16
3.1 夜光蟲豐度變化 16
3.1.1 夜光蟲豐度時間空間變化 16
3.2 水質參數 16
3.2.1時間變化趨勢 16
3.2.3 夜光蟲豐度相關之水質因子 17
3.3 浮游植物 17
3.3.1 優勢種浮游植物 18
3.3.2浮游植物與夜光蟲豐度之相關性 20
3.4 浮游動物 21
3.4.1 優勢種浮游動物 21
3.4.2 浮游動物與夜光蟲豐度之相關性 24
3.5 主成分分析 25
3.5.1 水質因子 25
3.5.2 浮游植物 26
3.5.3 浮游動物 26
3.6 影響夜光蟲豐度的因子 26
3.6.1 水質因子 26
3.6.2浮游植物 27
3.6.3浮游動物 27
3.6.4綜合水質及生物項目迴歸分析 28
第四章、討論 29
4.1 夜光蟲豐度變化 29
4.2 夜光蟲豐度影響因子 30
4.2.1 水質因子 30
4.2.2 浮游植物 31
4.2.3 浮游動物 32
4.2.4 綜合因子分析 32
第五章、結論 34
第六章、參考資料 35

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