臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

半導體產業作為資通訊工業之核心與基礎，在資訊爆炸的時代驅動了各項新興技術的發展，如針對工業物聯網之邊緣運算裝置與物聯網裝置的相關應用，若能開發出具有高效能以及低功耗特性之處理器，並在處理器的計算功能上加值圖像處理功能相信能夠更為擴充應用層面與實用性。
在本論文中，擬將設計一個基於RISC-V指令集的處理器，並在處理器中加值圖像處理功能之指令，使得所設計開發之處理器功能夠延伸藉此讓處理器能夠提供影像前處理甚至是圖像識別之功能進而有機會降低邊緣運算裝置之運算負擔，以期將處理器運算能力用於其他工業設備控制或是上游設備通訊溝通等多元廣泛之應用。

The semiconductor industry, as the core and foundation of the information and communication industry, has driven the development of various emerging technologies in the era of information explosion. Applications related to edge computing devices and IoT devices for industrial IoT are among them. If a processor with high performance and low power consumption characteristics can be developed and value-added image processing functions can be added to the computational functions of the processor, it is believed that the application scope and practicality can be further expanded.

In this paper, we propose to design a processor based on the RISC-V instruction set and provide instructions for image processing functions in the processor. By extending the functionality of the designed and developed processor, it can provide image pre-processing and even image recognition functions, thereby potentially reducing the computational burden of edge computing devices. The goal is to use the processing power of the processor for other industrial equipment control or upstream equipment communication and other diverse and extensive applications.
Keywords: Processor,Image Processing, RISC-V

摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
致謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VIII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 論文動機 5
1.3 論文架構 6
第二章 微處理器探討 7
2.1 基礎微處理器概述 7
2.2 RISC-V指令集概述[21] 11
2.2.1 RISC-V指令集分類[22] 12
2.2.2 RISC-V暫存器規範 13
2.2.3 RISC-V指令結構 15
2.2.4 RISC-V微處理器指令類別 16
2.2.5 RV32I整數指令集 17
第三章 RISC-V微處理器架構 21
3.1 微處理器處理流程[23] 21
3.2 RISC-V微處理器架構[23-24] 23
3.2.1 程式計數器與指令記憶體 24
3.2.2 指令暫存器 24
3.2.3 立即數產生器 25
3.2.4 算術邏輯單元(ALU) 26
3.2.5 主記憶體 26
3.2.6 控制單元 27
3.3 微處理器管線設計[25-26] 29
3.4 分支跳躍 31
3.5 數據危障 33
3.6 RV32I指令集功能驗證 36
第四章 RISC-V微處理器之圖像處理單元 40
4.1 圖像前處理[27] 40
4.1.1 色彩空間轉換 40
4.1.2 高斯濾波[27,29] 42
4.1.3 局部二值模式 43
4.2 圖像處理算法指令結構設計 43
4.3 圖像處理單元設計 47
4.4 圖像處理單元驗證 49
第五章 結論與未來展望 52
5.1 結論 52
5.2 未來展望 52
參考文獻 53

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