臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

工業自動化提升是各國研究的導向，其中以工業4.0(Industry4.0)為研究主流，並結合物聯網技術(Internet of Things, IOT)、工業物聯網(Industry Internet of Things, IIOT)技術。許多有著相關先進技術的公司都以大企業為主，中小型製造業依然以傳統機械化、半自動化為主要生產方法，某些時候會使人與機械必須在同一工作區下工作，導致可能的工安問題產生。藉由上述可知，提升自動化方法、加強生產效率減少製造損失為未來產業界的趨勢，若相關技術能進而簡化，達到資源較不充足的中小企業也可應用的系統，或許是新的研究方向。國際自動化協會(International Society of Automation, ISA)、製造執行系統協會(Manufacturing Enterprise Solutions Association International, MESA)提出自動化工業系統模型，供企業參考使用，而這些系統模型功能完善、穩定，相對複雜並伴隨著可能的高成本，對資產較為薄弱的中小企業來說實行可能比較困難。本論文探討中小企業可應用的系統框架標準，參考各大協會與企業所提出之系統框架，精簡改良但保留擴充性、穩定性，並可減少實行成本，實現台灣中小企業可能需要的自動化系統，進而達到工業4.0的標準。本論文使用物件導向語言建置軟體模型框架，降低軟體開發成本，提高程式重用性。使用多行程分散工作負擔，保持高穩定、可維護性、高效率、高彈性。使用主從式架構(Client-server model, C/S model)作為基底，建置訊息流程、任務機制，將分層架構改為平行架構，降低系統複雜程度。整合工廠生產資訊至伺服器端運算，企業可依據需求自行增加產線所需功能，相較於大型系統可降低系統建設成本。本論文呈現本架構實際運作於生產系統的穩定性，並且硬體設備僅使用一般等級電腦即可運行本架構，也證實了本架構的運行效率。

Industrial automation improvement is the main research directions of various countries, especially Industry 4.0 combined with Internet of Things (Internet of Things, IOT) or Industrial Internet of Things (Industry Internet of Things, IIOT). Many companies with relevant advanced technology are large enterprises, and small and medium-sized manufacturing (SME) industries still use traditional mechanization and semi-automation as the main production method. Sometimes people and machinery must work in the same work area, leading to safety problems. In these reason, improving automation methods and enhancing production efficiency will be the primary goal in the future. If related technologies can be further simplified to be applied to SMEs, it may be a new research direction. International Society of Automation (ISA), Manufacturing Enterprise Solutions Association International (MESA) have proposed automated industrial system models for reference. These system models are complete, stable, but complex and may higher cost for SMEs. This paper discusses the system framework standards reference from ISA and MESA framework for SMEs. It simplifies and improves but retains scalability and stability, and can reduce implementation costs. This paper uses an object-oriented language to build a software model framework to reduce software development costs and improve program reuse. Build in multi-process design and distributed working load. Main system designed in master-slave architecture (Client-server model, C/S model), message flow and task mechanism. From layered architecture to a parallel architecture to reduce the complexity of the system. Integrating factory production information into server-side computing. The SMEs can increase the functions required by the production line according to their needs.This paper presents the stability of the actual operation of the architecture in the production system, and the hardware equipment can run the architecture using only general-grade computers, which also confirms the operating efficiency of the architecture.

摘要...... i
Abstract...... ii
誌謝...... iv
目錄...... v
表目錄...... vii
圖目錄...... viii
第一章 緒論...... 1
1.1 研究動機 ......1
1.2 工業自動化概述...... 1
1.3 研究方向...... 3
1.4 章節概要...... 3
第二章 系統架構基礎技術與文獻回顧...... 4
2.1 自動化模型概述...... 4
2.1.1 ISA-95自動化模型概述...... 4
2.1.2 ISA-106自動化模型...... 6
2.1.3 自動化模型應用...... 8
2.2 工業3.5及工業4.0...... 10
2.3 物件導向設計概念...... 12
2.4 中小企業...... 12
第三章 系統建立與模擬實現...... 13
3.1 Application Server設計...... 14
3.1.1 功能分配...... 15
3.1.2 Process...... 16
3.1.3 訊息任務(Message & Task)...... 16
3.2 DataBase設計...... 19
3.2.1 系統定義表(Configration Table)...... 19
3.3 系統健康(Healthy)判斷...... 22
3.3.1 系統健康監控...... 23
第四章 實驗結果與分析...... 24
4.1 運行環境及系統參數設定...... 24
4.2 系統運行結果...... 29
4.2.1 訊息交換組...... 29
4.2.2 訊息交換統計結果...... 30
4.2.3 系統效能...... 33
第五章 結論...... 35
參考文獻...... 36
Extended Abstract...... 38

[1]許淑玲, “台積電智慧製造導入經驗分享”, 臺灣機械工業同業公會 智慧機械
[2]林鉅山, “工業4.0 導入產業的步驟解析”, 國立中央大學管理學院高階主管企管碩士班碩士論文, 2016年
[3]胡運祥, “工業4.0對筆記型電腦代工執造之引響分析”, 國立中興大學高階經理人碩士在職專班碩士學位論文, 2015年
[4]賀桂芬、熊毅晰, “工業4.0要做好、做滿？9張圖看見台灣企業數位轉型的痛點”, 天下雜誌, 2019年. Available: https://www.cw.com.tw/article/article.action?id=5093723
[5]汪建南、馬雲龍, “工業4.0 的國際發展趨勢與台灣因應之道”, 中央銀行國際金融參考資料 第六十九輯
[6]簡禎富、王宏鍇、傅文翰, “「工業3.5」之先進智慧製造系統架構：半導體智慧製造為例”, 管理評論；37卷3期 (2018 / 07 / 01)，P15 – 34
[7]簡禎富、林國義、許鉅秉、吳政鴻, “台灣生產與作業管理之相關期刊文獻回顧與前瞻：從工業3.0 到工業3.5”, 管理學報；33卷1期 (2016 / 03 / 01)，P87 – 103
[8]呂家豪, “工業3.5 IOT裝置和支持向量機於IC載板智慧製造之設備績效管理”, 國立清華大學工業工程與工業管理學系碩士論文, 2017年
[9]David, 再談工業4.0與虛實融合系統（CPS）, 科技產業資訊室(iKnow), 2015年, Available: https://iknow.stpi.narl.org.tw/post/Read.aspx?PostID=10768
[10]東芝三菱電機工業系統（中國）有限公司 (TMEIC中國), 馬鋼H型鋼新線軋機區TMEIC自動化系統總體配置, 2016年, Available: http://www.gongkong.com/article/201610/71077.html
[11]國際自動化學會(International Society of Automation, ISA) (https://www.isa.org)
[12]製造執行系統協會(Manufacturing Enterprise Solutions Association International, MESA) (https://www.mesa.org/en/index.asp)
[13]Dennis B., What is ISA-95?, Industrial Best Practices of Manufacturing Information Technologies with ISA-95 Models, 2008 BR&L Consulting, 2018, Available: http://www.apsom.org/docs/T061_isa95-04.pdf
[14]智慧工廠, 說了這麼久的MES，你究竟懂多少？, 每日頭條, 2017年, Available: https://kknews.cc/zh-tw/news/y23ry6n.html
[15]鼎新電腦, Available: https://www.digiwin.com/tw
[16]ciMes資通電腦, 認識MES, Available: https://cimes.ares.com.tw/knowmes/whatsmes/
[17]致茂電子, MES 製造資訊系統 Model Sajet, Available: http://www.chroma.com.tw/product/MES.htm
[18]中小企業認定標準，全國法規資料庫, 2019年, Available: https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?PCode=J0140003
[19]鄭衣雯, “中小企業人力資源運用策略對勞資關系影響之研究”, 國立政治大學勞工研究所碩士論文, 2003年
[20]賴進林, “我國中小企業轉型的個案研究”, 國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文, 2001年
[21]J. Liu, J. Wu, “Design and Implementation of MES Framework in Pangang Group”, 2012 2nd International Conference on Consumer Electronics, Communications and Networks (CECNet), pp. 966-970.
[22]G. BOOCH, “Object-Oriented Development”, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING, VOL. SE-12, NO.2, FEBRUARY 1986, pp.211-221.
[23]M. Prause and J. Weigand, “Industry 4.0 and Object-Oriented Development: Incremental and Architectural Change”, Journal of Technology Management & Innovation vol.11 no.2 Santiago jun. 2016, pp.104-110.
[24]L. Flores and J. Barata, “Object Oriented Software Engineering for Programmable Logical Controllers A Successful Implementation”, EFTA 2003. 2003 IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation. Proceedings (Cat. No.03TH8696), pp.116-120.
[25]C. Jiangjing and H. Qirui, “Object-Oriented Multi-threaded Programming Design Model”, 201O International Conference On Computer Design And Appliations (ICCDA 2010), pp. V2-10 – V2-13
[26]M. Fayad and D. C. Schmidt , Object-Oriented Application Frameworks, Special Issue on Object-Oriented Application Frameworks, Vol. 40, No. 10, October 1997, Available: https://www.dre.vanderbilt.edu/~schmidt/CACM-frameworks.html
[27]ISA-106 Procedure Automation for Continuous Process Operations Technical Report, Yokogawa, pp. 1-2 Available:https://web-material3.yokogawa.com/ISA_106_TR1_Infographic.us.pdf
[28]Maurice W. and Marcus T., ISA-106 and Concepts of Procedural Automation, Yokogawa, 2015 Available: https://web-material3.yokogawa.com/InTech_ISA106_ePrints.pdf
[29]Assembly.GetType , Microsoft C#.net [Online] , Available: https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-tw/dotnet/api/system.reflection.assembly.gettype?view=netcore-3.1
[30]Activator.CreateInstance, Microsoft C#.net [Online] , Available: https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-tw/dotnet/api/system.activator.createinstance?view=netcore-3.1