臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

塑膠活動鉸鏈是連接兩個塑膠零件組合的連結機構，此設計不僅節省了空間和成本，正確的設計參數能夠承受數百萬次的彎曲循環，並牢固地連接兩個部件而不失效，因此在耐用性上具有顯著優勢。常見的典型應用例子是塑膠收納盒，蓋子與底座之連接由活動鉸鏈所組成，確保蓋子可以順暢地開啟和關閉，同時在彈性極限內彎曲並可恢復到其原始形狀而不發生永久性變形。本研究以材料力學為基礎，討論各種設計參數時的應變狀態，用以辨識塑膠活動鉸鏈可能會發生的應變行為模式，包括有:彈性、純塑性、塑性加拉伸以及純拉伸。提出了一套塑膠活動鉸鏈的設計與分析方法，運用C++程式語言開發出一組運算式，本研究設計單一連結活動鉸鏈與三段連結活動鉸鏈，使用射出成型技術製作樣本，進行折彎壽命試驗，以探討折彎前後應變對材料之影響，觀察鉸鏈在反覆折彎過程中彈性變形與塑性變形之變化，比較不同樣式鉸鏈之疲勞強度優劣，評估不同設計在長期使用中的磨損及損壞。由單一連接活動鉸鏈之研究結果顯示，隨著折彎次數增加，樣本最大平均應力隨之下降，導致鉸鏈發生塑性變形並改變材料之微觀結構，進而引起永久性變形，在長時間及反覆使用下，累積的應力導致材料發生疲勞及聚合物鏈之間的滑移或分子鏈的斷裂，最終導致鉸鏈表面產生裂紋或斷裂。本研究的分析方法和演算法對於優化塑膠活動鉸鏈的設計具有重要的價值，透過精確模擬塑膠活動鉸鏈在受到反覆操作壓力下的行為，顯著提升塑膠產品的可靠性，預防因疲勞累積導致的失效，使塑膠製造業往更高效能與環保方向發展。

Plastic living hinges are connectors that link two plastic parts, offering space and cost efficiency while enduring millions of bending cycles without failure, thus enhancing durability. These hinges are used in applications like plastic storage boxes, allowing lids to open and close smoothly without permanent deformation. This study, grounded in material mechanics, explores strain behaviors under various conditions—elastic, purely plastic, plastic with tension, and purely tensile—to optimize hinge design. Using C++ for calculations, it developed both single-link and three-segment hinges, tested through injection molding and bending life experiments to observe material strain and deformation over repeated use. The findings indicate that repeated bending reduces stress, leading to permanent changes in the material's microstructure and eventual surface cracks or fractures from polymer chain fatigue. These insights help refine living hinge designs, enhancing product reliability and advancing the plastic industry towards better efficiency and environmental sustainability.

摘要.....i
Abstract.....i
誌謝.....iii
目錄.....iv
表目錄.....vi
圖目錄.....vii
第一章 緒論.....1
1.1 前言.....1
1.2 文獻回顧.....2
1.3 研究動機與目的.....6
第二章 理論基礎.....8
2.1 鉸鏈之介紹.....8
2.2 鉸鏈之設計及彎曲型態.....9
2.2.1 鉸鏈之彎曲及拉伸原理.....9
2.2.2 鉸鏈應變分析.....11
2.3 鉸鏈之設計流程.....22
2.4 三鉸鏈之快速關閉性能.....23
第三章 實驗方法與流程.....24
3.1 實驗流程.....24
3.2 鉸鏈程式設計.....25
3.3 鉸鏈設計.....26
3.3.1 單鉸鏈.....26
3.3.2 三鉸鏈.....27
3.4 有限元素分析.....28
3.5 模具設計.....28
3.5.1 單鉸鏈.....28
3.5.2 三鉸鏈.....31
3.6 射出實驗.....33
3.7 疲勞測試.....33
第四章 實驗結果與討論.....37
4.1 單鉸鏈之理論運算與分析結果驗證.....37
4.1.1 應變分析與理論對照結果.....37
4.1.2 單鉸鏈之塑膠模流分析與射出成型實驗.....39
4.1.3 單鉸鏈之疲勞試驗及破裂成長.....41
4.1.4 鉸鏈折彎前後之應力變化分析.....44
4.2 三鉸鏈之理論運算與分析結果驗證.....46
4.2.1 中間段鉸鏈之應變分析與理論對照結果.....46
4.2.2 中間與兩側鉸鏈之應力應變差異.....47
4.2.3 三鉸鏈之塑膠模流分析與射出成型實驗.....49
4.2.4 三鉸鏈之疲勞分析及斷裂.....50
4.3 三鉸鏈之快關設計與效能分析.....52
4.3.1 中間與兩側鉸鏈之應變值.....52
4.3.2 改變設計參數對鉸鏈之影響.....53
4.3.3 優化設計參數之鉸鏈應變值.....56
第五章 結論與未來展望.....58
5.1 結論.....58
5.2 未來展望.....59
參考文獻.....60
附錄A.....61
Abstract.....64
1. Introduction.....65
4.1 Comparisons of hinge strain across different design.....65
4.1.1 Single hinge.....65
4.1.2 Analysis of Stress Changes Before and After Hinge Bending.....66
4.1.3 Fatigue Testing and Crack Growth in Single Hinges.....67
4.2 Quick-Closing Design and Performance Analysis of Triple Hinges.....68
4.2.1 Stress and Strain Values of the Middle and Side Hinges.....69
4.2.2 Stress and Strain Values of the Middle and Side Hinges.....69
5. Conciusion.....70

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