臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究旨在探究 YouTube 影片創作者在翻譯自製影片字幕時所採用異於翻譯常規的字幕翻譯策略，本文透過分析語料，將 YouTube 影片創作者所採用的翻譯策略與字幕翻譯常規相比較，本研究旨在了解為何在有其他更好的翻譯方法時，YouTube 影片創作者選擇採用異於常規的翻譯策略。本研究運用佩德森 (Jan Pedersen) 為文化詞所提出的字幕翻譯策略模型，以及紐馬克 (Peter Newmark) 的翻譯步驟，製作出由七種策略組成的策略分析架構，包括: 保留 (retention)、特定化 (specification)、替代 (substitution)、既定翻譯 (official equivalent)、注釋 (annotation)、語氣轉移 (tone transference) 和字幕格式自由化 (liberalization of subtitle format)。本文採用雅克慎 (Roman Jakobson) 的翻譯分類進行語料分析，以針對影視翻譯提供更全面的看法。本研究所採用的字幕翻譯常規是根據翻譯課本、網飛 (Netflix) 的翻譯指南和翻譯常規基本知識匯聚而成，在分析語料時，字幕翻譯常規即為比較 YouTube 影片創作者所採用的策略與字幕翻譯常規的標準。本研究發現，注釋、保留、語氣轉移和字幕格式自由化等四種策略完全違反翻譯常規，在這之中，注釋是最常採用的策略，使用注釋增加額外的資訊往往使字幕變得非常冗長，而像是特定化 (specification) 這種遵循翻譯常規的策略，則會為了不同目的而採用，像是廣告以及介紹異國文化。總而言之，本文研究了上述七種策略的採用與字幕翻譯常規之間的差異，研究發現影片的目的對於使用違反常規的翻譯策略有極大的影響，換言之，採用異於常規的翻譯策略是為達到特定翻譯目的，這也證實了目的論。

This study aims to explore and identify the different translation strategies adopted by YouTubers that are against the norms of subtitle translation in rendering the subtitles of their videos. By analyzing the collected data and comparing currently adopted translation strategies with the norms of subtitle translation, this study aims to understand why some YouTubers tend to adopt certain translation strategies in ways that are shifting from the norms when there are better alternative solutions. This research applies Jan Pedersen’s model of subtitle translation for specific cultural terms and Peter Newmark’s translation procedures to form a strategic analysis framework consisting of seven strategies, i.e., retention, specification, substitution, official equivalent, annotation, tone transference and liberalization of subtitle format. The translation typology proposed by Roman Jakobson is adopted in this research in analyzing the collected data to provide a more comprehensive view of AVT. The norms of subtitle translation in this research are based on a textbook of translation, Netflix style guides, and general knowledge of translational norms. In the process of data analysis, the norms of subtitle translation are used as a standard for the comparison between currently adopted strategies and the norms of subtitle translation. This research finds that use of annotation, retention, tone transference and liberalization of subtitle format are completely against the norms. Among these, annotation is the most frequently adopted translation strategy. Annotation adds additional information and makes target text very lengthy. Strategies conforming to the norms of subtitle translation, like specification, are adopted for different purposes, such as advertising and introducing foreign cultures. To sum up, the present research investigates the differences between the adoption of these aforementioned seven strategies as compared with the norms of subtitle translation, and the findings show that the adoption of specific translation strategies that go against the norm is greatly influenced by what the purpose of the video in question is. In other words, the adoption of a translation strategy that is different from the norms serves specific translation purposes, which confirms the Skopos theory.

摘要 i
Abstract iii
Acknowledgement v
Table of contents vi
List of tables viii
List of figures ix
List of in-text examples xi
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Research background 1
1.2 Research objectives and questions 4
1.3 Outline of thesis 5
Chapter 2 Literature review 8
2.1 The concept of norms in translation 8
2.1.1 The definition of norms 8
2.1.2 The formation and change of norms 11
2.2 Audiovisual translation studies 15
2.2.1 Subtitling as audiovisual translation 16
2.2.2 Typology of audiovisual translation strategy 22
2.2.3 Translational norms of audiovisual translation 29
Chapter 3 Methodology 32
3.1 Collected samples 32
3.2 Research question-based methodology 37
3.3 Strategic Analysis Framework: The Seven-Stragey-Tool 38
3.4 Roman Jakobson’s translation typology 47
Chapter 4 Data analysis and discussions 49
4.1 Data analysis 49
4.1.1 Annotation 50
4.1.2 Retention 62
4.1.3 Specification 65
4.1.4 Substitution 70
4.1.5 Official equivalent 72
4.1.6 Tone transference 75
4.1.7 Liberalization of subtitle format 78
4.2 Discussions on research question 1 82
4.3 Discussions on research question 2 84
Chapter 5 Conclusion 87
5.1 Summary of the findings 87
5.2 Research significance 89
5.3 Limitations and suggestions 89
References 92
Appendix A A List of 48 YouTube videos for data analysis 99
Appendix B A List of 80 examples for data analysis 105

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