臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在一般工廠環境使用的潤滑脂，水分與顆粒為潤滑脂劣化的主要因子之一。本論文內容主要分為兩個部分，第一部分研究添加不同含水量與不同顆粒含量對潤滑脂的磨潤性能劣化的影響，並且利用四球式磨耗實驗觀察潤滑脂劣化因子對磨痕直徑、摩擦係數、溫度以及磨屑濃度的影響，第二部分則對不同含水量與顆粒含量的潤滑脂進行光學量測，並利用第一部分得出的結果，觀察潤滑脂在這些劣化因子的影響下，光學訊號的特徵點變化，以判斷潤滑脂的狀況。
第一部分不同含量劣化因子對潤滑脂的磨潤實驗變化結果中發現，當潤滑脂中的含水量上升時，會使磨耗增加，在水含量0.8 wt%的磨耗表面甚至呈現嚴重的剝離現象。又在磨耗運轉期間，含水量多潤滑脂反而降低滑脂工作溫度效果較佳，而在磨耗實驗後，各條件的潤滑脂含水量均下降，推測含水量因摩擦熱以及剪切力等因素而使滑脂中的含水量下降。考慮顆粒含量劣化因子時，發現當潤滑脂中的Fe2O3顆粒含量0.050~0.075 wt%時，磨痕直徑為最小值，小於界面無顆粒及顆粒含量大於0.075 wt%的情況，此與一般添加奈米顆粒潤滑油有類似現象，推測原因為三體接觸情況下，波谷藉由顆粒填平而導致顆粒與表面接觸壓力平均化，以致在特定條件處於較佳接觸狀態。
第二部分檢測不同劣化因子之潤滑脂光學訊號變化結果顯示，當潤滑脂中的含水量增加時，光特徵值A有大幅下降的趨勢，而光特徵值D則是隨著磨屑含量的增加而增加。由第一部分與第二部分的綜合比較發現，經過磨耗實驗後潤滑脂中的水含量均為下降，而光特徵值A皆為上升而當實驗後潤滑脂中磨屑含量增加，光特徵值D也會跟著增加，顯示光特徵值A與D是分別代表水分與磨屑劣化因子的重要檢測指標。

Water content and particles are the main factors of grease degradation in general factory environment. The research of this thesis mainly divided into two parts. In the first part, the influences of water content and particles on tribological performance degradation of grease were studied by performing experiments on a four-ball wear test machine. From that, the tribological characteristics such as wear scar diameter, friction coefficient, temperature, and wear debris concentration were considered. In the second part of this research, the optical measurement of grease with different water content and particles content were taken into account. Comparing with the results obtained in the first part, the characteristic changes in optical signal with the influence of these degradation factors on grease were observed to determine grease conditions.
From the results of the first part, it was observed that wear increased as the water content of grease increasing, and serious peeling on the wear scar surface was occurred at a water content of 0.8 wt%. However, the higher the water content, the better cooling effect during abrasion operation. After the wear test, the water content of the grease under all conditions decreased. It is speculated that the water content of the grease decreased due to factors such as friction heat and shear force. As considering different particle contents, it is found that when the Fe2O3 particle content in the grease is 0.050~0.075 wt%, the wear scar diameter is the smallest, which is smaller than the case without particles and the case which particle content is greater than 0.075 wt%. This phenomenon is similar to that of lubricants included nano-particles. It is presumed that in the case of three-body contact, the contact pressure between the particles and the surface is equalized by the particles filling in the trough, so that the contact pressure is better under certain conditions.
From the changes in the optical signal of the grease with different degradation factors, it was showed that when the water content in the grease increases, the optical characteristic value A has a significant downward trend, while the optical characteristic value D increases with the increase in the content of wear debris. From the comprehensive comparison between the results of first part and the second part, it is found that the water content in the grease decreased after the wear tests, which results in the optical characteristic value A increased. Meanwhile, the content of wear debris in the grease increased after the experiments, and the optical characteristic value D also increased. It improved that the optical characteristic values A and D are respectively important detection indicators representing for the degradation factors, which were water content and wear debris.

摘要...i
Abstract...ii
誌謝...iv
目錄...v
表目錄...vii
圖目錄...viii
符號說明...x
第一章 緒論...1
1.1 前言...1
1.2 研究動機與目的...1
1.3 文獻回顧...2
1.3.1顆粒...2
1.3.2水分...3
1.3.3光譜學...4
1.3.4溫度...4
第二章 基礎理論...6
2.1 光譜學...6
2.1.1原理...6
2.1.2比爾‧朗伯原理...7
2.2 磨潤學...7
2.3 潤滑脂...8
2.3.1潤滑脂概述...8
2.3.2潤滑脂的黏度...8
2.3.3 潤滑脂稠度...10
2.3.4 潤滑脂添加劑...11
第三章 研究內容與方法...12
3.1 四球式磨耗試驗機...12
3.1.1四球磨耗實驗公式與原理...12
3.1.2四球磨耗試驗機實驗試件與實驗條件...14
3.1.3四球磨耗實驗步驟...15
3.1.3四球磨耗注意事項...16
3.1.4四球式磨耗實驗磨耗量計算...16
3.2 庫侖法卡氏水分測定儀...17
3.2.1 庫侖法卡氏水分測定儀之原理...17
3.2.2 庫侖法卡氏水分測定儀之實驗步驟...17
3.2.3 庫侖法卡氏水分測定儀之注意事項...18
3.3 光學檢測...19
3.3.1 光學檢測儀器...19
3.3.2 光學檢測實驗步驟...20
3.3.3 光學檢測注意事項...21
3.4 粒徑分析儀...21
3.4.1 粒徑分析儀原理...21
3.4.2 粒徑分析儀實驗步驟...21
3.4.3 粒徑分析儀注意事項...21
3.5 鐵粉濃度計...22
3.5.1 鐵粉濃度計原理...22
3.6 實驗材料及方式...23
3.6.1 實驗潤滑脂...23
3.6.2 潤滑脂添加水分與奈米顆粒的方式...24
3.6.3 潤滑脂調配注意事項...24
第四章 實驗結果與分析...25
4.1潤滑脂磨潤性能實驗分析...25
4.1.1 潤滑脂不同含水量與顆粒含量在實驗前後含水量變化...25
4.1.2 潤滑脂不同含水量與顆粒含量的磨潤性能變化...27
4.2 不同含水量的潤滑脂光學分析...37
4.2.1不同含水量潤滑脂四球磨耗前後光學訊號分析...37
4.2.2潤滑脂添加不同水分之光特徵值...39
4.3不同濃度顆粒潤滑脂的光學分析...42
4.3.1添加不同顆粒濃度之四球磨耗前後光學檢測分析...42
4.3.2不同顆粒濃度潤滑脂之光特徵值...42
第五章 結論與未來展望...47
5.1 結論...47
5.2 未來展望...48
參考文獻...49
Extended Abstract...51

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