臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

三角形轉子引擎（TRE）在氫能應用中展現了開發環保引擎和先進發電設備的顯著潛力。然而，其主要挑戰在於TRE的設計和性能預測。本研究利用計算流體動力學（CFD）技術，探討了一種具有側邊進排氣設計的三角形轉子引擎的流體流動特性。我們分析了不同進排氣口的數量、位置和設計對轉子引擎性能的影響，同時與先前模擬的外部進排氣引擎進行了比較。
研究建立了兩種側邊型式，包括單邊和雙邊，並考慮了三種不同的進排氣口傾斜角度設計。分析的目標在於深入了解進排氣口設計和數量對引擎性能的綜合影響。此外，我們進行了對進氣排氣口的兩種位配置的全面研究，以深化對進排氣口幾何的理解。流體模擬結果顯示，外部進排氣TRE的出口質量流率和平均流速優於側邊進排氣TRE。雙側邊進排氣TRE的質量流率略高於單側邊進排氣TRE。值得注意的是，無論是覆蓋還是非覆蓋情況，單側邊TRE的平均流速均大於雙口側邊TRE。側邊進排氣TRE的較慢排氣速度對燃燒效率有正面影響，進而降低燃料消耗。
進一步分析顯示，外部進氣TRE的平均壓力相對較低，表明側邊進氣的TRE相對於外部進氣口TRE具有更大的輸出功率。比較單側和雙側設計，雙側的配置在提高出口平均壓力方面表現出效果。流體力矩結果表明，與外部TRE相比，側邊TRE提供較小的流體阻力。此外，我們引入了燃燒區域和非燃燒區域的渦漩數量統計，用於預測洩漏風險和燃燒性能。預測結果顯示，相較於外部TRE，側邊TRE具有較低的洩漏風險和較高的燃燒效率。
這些預測進一步通過使用氫燃料進行的燃燒模擬進行了驗證。在燃燒分析中，側管TRE和直管TRE的性能再次顯示出明顯的差異。側管TRE具有更高的燃燒性能，平均溫度較低，並且具有更穩定、規律的特性。直管TRE在燃燒過程中存在洩漏問題，這削弱了燃燒效率和溫度均勻性，使得其運作穩定性低於側管TRE。渦漩數量計算的結果顯示，直管設計的渦漩數量較少，這進一步影響了燃燒穩定性，而側管設計則保持了更高的穩定性。結果證實，可以先透過純流體分析進行初步的燃燒效果預測，從而減少燃燒模形的複雜性和模擬時間。最後，我們研究了不同氫氣比例對引擎燃燒過程的影響。比例分為8.09%、12.08%和17.05%，最終結果顯示，中等比例（12.80%）的氫氣在自然進氣條件下提供了最佳的燃燒穩定性和效率，點火效果良好且高溫氣體集中在燃燒區域內。在增壓條件下，需要進一步優化以避免提前反應和燃燒不穩定的問題。

The Triangular Rotary Engine (TRE) shows significant potential for developing eco-friendly engines and advanced power generation systems in hydrogen energy applications. However, the main challenges lie in the design and performance prediction of TRE. This study utilizes Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to investigate the fluid flow characteristics of a triangular rotary engine with a side-port intake and exhaust design. The analysis examines the impact of different numbers, positions, and designs of intake and exhaust ports on the engine’s performance, and compares these findings with a previously simulated peripheral port engine.
The study introduces two types of side-port configurations—single and double ports—considering three different port slope angles. The goal is to gain a deeper understanding of how port design and the number of ports affect engine performance. Additionally, a comprehensive study of two intake/exhaust port position configurations is conducted to enhance the understanding of port geometry. Fluid simulation results indicate that the peripheral-port TRE has a higher outlet mass flow rate and average flow velocity than the side-port TRE. The double side-port TRE shows a slightly higher mass flow rate than the single side-port TRE. Notably, regardless of whether the ports are covered or uncovered, the average flow velocity of the single side-port TRE exceeds that of the double side-port TRE. The slower exhaust rate in the side-port TRE positively impacts combustion efficiency, leading to reduced fuel consumption.
Further analysis reveals that the average pressure in the peripheral-port TRE is relatively lower, suggesting that the side-port TRE has greater output power compared to the peripheral port TRE. Comparing the single and double side-port designs, the double side-port configuration effectively increases the average outlet pressure. Fluid moment results indicate that the side-port TRE offers lower fluid resistance than the peripheral-port TRE. Additionally, vortex number statistics in combustion and non-combustion zones are introduced to predict leakage risk and combustion performance. The predictions indicate that the side-port TRE has a lower leakage risk and higher combustion efficiency compared to the peripheral-port TRE.
These predictions are further validated through combustion simulations using hydrogen fuel. In combustion analysis, the side-port and peripheral-port TREs again show significant differences in performance. The side-port TRE demonstrates higher combustion performance, with lower average temperatures and more stable, regular operation. The peripheral-port TRE, on the other hand, suffers from leakage issues during combustion, which reduces combustion efficiency and temperature uniformity, leading to less stable operation compared to the side-port TRE. Vortex number calculations reveal fewer vortices in the peripheral-port design, further impacting combustion stability, while the side-port design maintains higher stability. The results confirm that initial combustion effects can be predicted through pure fluid analysis, reducing the complexity and simulation time of combustion models. Finally, the study examines the effects of different hydrogen proportions on the engine's combustion process. Hydrogen proportions of 8.09%, 12.08%, and 17.05% were tested, with the results showing that a medium proportion (12.80%) provided the best combustion stability and efficiency under natural aspiration conditions, offering good ignition and concentrating high-temperature gases within the combustion zone. Under boosted conditions, further optimization is needed to avoid pre-ignition and combustion instability.

摘要......i
Abstract......iii
誌謝......v
目錄......vi
表目錄......viii
圖目錄......ix
第一章 緒論......1
1.1 前言......1
1.2 研究動機......1
1.3 文獻回顧......2
1.4 研究方法......4
第二章 進排氣口設計對轉子引擎的流體流動特性之影響......5
2.1 CFD模型設計......5
2.1.1 作動原理......5
2.1.2 腔體曲線......7
2.1.3 幾何模型建立......8
2.1.4 網格模型建立......10
2.2 邊界條件的設定......10
2.3 內部流場分析......12
2.3.1 質量流率分析結果......12
2.3.2 壓力分析結果......14
2.3.3 流速分析結果......16
2.3.4 腔體內部的流場分析......18
2.3.5 流體力矩分析......20
2.4 洩漏與燃燒的預測......21
第三章 轉子引擎設計的燃燒特性之影響......34
3.1 側管與直管設計對燃燒特性之影響......34
3.1.1 側管與直管的燃燒特性之質量流率分析結果......34
3.1.2 側管與直管的燃燒特性之壓力分析結果......36
3.1.3 側管與直管的燃燒特性之溫度分析結果......37
3.2 氫氣比例設計對燃燒特性之影響......44
3.2.1 氫氣比例的燃燒特性之質量流率分析結果......44
3.2.2 氫氣比例的燃燒特性之壓力分析結果......45
3.2.3 氫氣比例的燃燒特性之溫度分析結果......46
第四章 結論與未來展望......58
4.1 結論......58
4.2 未來展望......59
參考文獻......60
Extended Abstract......62
Abstract......62
1. Numerical modeling......63
2. Internal flow field analysis of side-ported TRE......64
3. Combustion analysis......65

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