臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著航太、交通、醫療與健康產業蓬勃發展，愈來愈多產業追求結構之輕量化，因而紛紛採用高比剛性及高比強度之複合材料。
由於複合材料在材質與非均質等方面的特性，難以使用傳統且普遍的鉚接與焊接等方式作為主要接合手段，故在接合方面以膠合為主，然而膠合在現今仍有許多不確定性，故本研究依此為討論目標。
本研究主要探討複合材料單搭接膠合狀況下，使用不同膠合長度、粗糙化程度及膠合方式進行膠合試片製作，並依據ASTM D5868等規範，進行單搭接膠合檢應力測試，取得其膠合強度，並根據破壞面表面狀況判斷其破壞模式，輔以960fps之高速攝影紀錄，而後使用電腦輔助工程計算，區分出剪切應力及正向應力對膠合強度之影響。
經過一系列實驗後，本研究得出，在複合材料薄殼的膠合上，至少要有25mm的膠合長度低於25mm之膠合長度將顯著降低膠合強度。複合材料膠合之表面處裡，應用至少400號以下之砂紙，並且摩擦方向應沿拉應力方向之±45度進行打磨。本研究亦給出co-curing、co-bonding及secondary bonding等膠合方式在製程及膠合強度上的差異。本研究將有助於複合材料相關產業，在面對膠合上的問題時有所參考，有助於在提高產品安全係數的同時降低成本，亦使未來進行相關試驗時有所參照。

With the vigorous development of aerospace, transportation, medical and health industries, more and more industries are pursuing the lightweight of structures, so composite materials with high specific rigidity and high specific strength are used one after another.
Due to the characteristics of composite materials in terms of material and heterogeneity, it is difficult to use traditional and common methods such as riveting and welding as the main joining means, so gluing is the main way of joining. However, there are still many uncertainties in gluing today, so This study takes this as the discussion goal.
This study mainly discusses the bonding of composite materials under the condition of single-lap bonding, using different bonding lengths, roughness degrees and bonding methods to make bonding test pieces, and according to ASTM D5868 and other specifications, the stress test of single-lap bonding is carried out to obtain its bonding strength , and judge the failure mode according to the surface condition of the failure surface, supplemented by 960fps high-speed photography record, and then use computer-aided engineering calculations to distinguish the influence of shear stress and normal stress on the bonding strength.
After a series of experiments, this study found that in the gluing of composite thin shells, there must be a gluing length of at least 25mm, and the gluing length less than 25mm will significantly reduce the gluing strength. For the glued surface of the composite materials, sandpaper of at least No. 400 should be used. Smaller numbers of sandpaper can help roughen the surface of the composite material, and the friction direction should be polished along the ±45° of the tensile stress direction. This study also shows the differences in the manufacturing process and bonding strength of co-curing, co-bonding and secondary bonding methods. This study will help composite materials related industries to provide a reference when facing problems in gluing, help reduce costs while improving product safety, and provide a reference for future related tests.

中文摘要.......................................................................i
英文摘要......................................................................ii
誌謝.........................................................................iii
目錄..........................................................................iv
表目錄.......................................................................vii
圖目錄........................................................................ix
第一章 緒論....................................................................1
1.1 研究背景...................................................................1
1.2 研究目的...................................................................2
1.3 研究方法及流程..............................................................3
第二章 文獻回顧.................................................................5
2.1 複合材料...................................................................5
2.1.1 複合材料簡介..............................................................5
2.1.2 古典層板理論..............................................................6
2.2 環氧樹脂...................................................................8
2.2.1 環氧樹脂簡介..............................................................8
2.2.2 雙酚A型環氧樹脂...........................................................9
2.2.3 Novolac型環氧樹脂........................................................10
2.2.4 脂環族環氧樹脂...........................................................10
2.3 複合材料膠合方式...........................................................11
2.3.1 複合材料處理.............................................................11
2.3.2 膠合種類................................................................12
2.4 破壞力學..................................................................14
2.4.1 破壞模式................................................................14
2.4.2 失效模式................................................................15
2.5 測試規範..................................................................16
2.5.1 ASTM D638...............................................................16
2.5.2 ASTM D3039..............................................................18
2.5.3 ASTM D5868..............................................................20
2.5.4 ASTM D5573..............................................................22
第三章 研究方法................................................................25
3.1 研究流程..................................................................25
3.2 實驗材料..................................................................25
3.3 實驗設備..................................................................26
3.4 試片備置..................................................................26
3.4.1 複合材料拉伸試片.........................................................27
3.4.2 單搭接剪切試片...........................................................29
3.5 壓力與剪切應力.............................................................33
3.6 砂紙號數對膠合強度之影響....................................................33
3.7 向力對膠合強度之影響.......................................................33
3.8 研磨方向對膠合強度之影響....................................................34
3.9 結構分析..................................................................34
3.9.1 實驗方法................................................................34
3.9.2 邊界條件................................................................34
3.10 導角對正交應力與剪切應力之影響.............................................37
第四章 結果與討論..............................................................38
4.1 表面處理與剪切應力.........................................................38
4.2 二級膠合..................................................................41
4.3 共黏合....................................................................42
4.4 共黏合及環氧膠.............................................................43
4.5 共黏合及表面粗糙化.........................................................44
4.6 共黏合及表面粗糙化與環氧膠..................................................45
4.7 固化壓力與剪切應力.........................................................46
4.8 砂紙號數對膠合強度之影響....................................................47
4.9 粗糙化正向力對膠合強度之影響................................................50
4.10 研磨方向對膠合強度之影響...................................................50
4.11 正向應力與剪切應力........................................................51
4.12 膠合長度對剪切應力的影響...................................................55
4.13 膠合厚度對剪切應力的影響...................................................56
4.14 導角對剪切應力的影響......................................................56
第五章 結論與未來研究方向.......................................................57
5.1 結論......................................................................57
5.2 未來研究方向...............................................................58
參考資料......................................................................59
Extended Abstract.............................................................62

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