近年來，積層製造的技術越來越成熟，應用領域也極為廣泛，尤其鞋業在製造鞋中底或鞋墊上也慢慢使用這技術，其優勢在於，能快速地將產品印製出來，工件複雜度的提高亦不太影響其成本。本研究就透過這優勢去利用電腦輔助設計軟體所建構出三重週期性最小表面(Triply Periodic Minimal Surface，簡稱TPMS)微結構，並將之置入鞋墊以及鞋中底結構彈性體的試片後，印製出來測試其機械性質，並與普通鞋墊以及乙烯/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(Ethylene Vinyl Acetate，簡稱EVA)發泡材料的中底比較兩者不同處，找尋能達到與前者有同樣效果之結構。本研究在鞋墊試片材料上選用了一般鞋墊常用的熱塑性聚氨酯(Thermoplastic Polyurethanes，簡稱TPU)與EVA，而在結構彈性體材料也選用這兩種材質。此兩種市售材料因內部含有許多微小氣孔使其擁有吸震與緩衝特性，而本研究設計之多種TPMS結構試片的優勢在於擁有與兩者相同特性的同時以客製化的方式，去符合現今市場在快速流行下的需求。
本研究係利用熱融堆積成型及選擇性雷射燒結兩種積層製造去製作EVA和TPU模型試片，再將試片進行各項國際標準規範之機械性質測試。實驗結果發現，在不同微結構設計、及不同積層製造方式的鞋墊及結構彈性體在傳統材料的對比下，能有滿足兩種發泡材料之可能性。
最終本研究將多種微結構試片依據一套實驗流程去評估與傳統發泡材料的特性差別，這樣的實驗流程能夠使工程應用開發時間縮短，提高生產效力。

In recent years, the technology of additive manufacturing has become more and more mature, and the application field is also vast, including machinery, medical, construction, and so on. In particular, the shoe industry in the manufacture of shoes in the bottom of insoles also slowly use this technology, its advantage is that the product can be printed quickly, and the material utilization rate is much higher than traditional methods, the increase in the complexity of the workpiece is not less affecting its cost. This study used this advantage to use the Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) lattice structure and placed it in the insoles test specimen. The midsole structural elastomer test specimen is then printed out to test its mechanical properties. With the ordinary insole and Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) foaming material of the midsole comparison of the two different places, looking for the same effect can be achieved with the structure. Thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) and EVA, commonly used in insoles and midsole structural elastomer materials, were selected in this study. These two foaming materials have shock absorption and cushioning properties due to the many tiny pores inside. The advantage of designing a variety of TPMS structural test specimens in this study is that they have the same characteristics as the above two and are customized to meet the needs of today's market in the fast-growing popularity.
This study used Fusion deposition modeling and Selective laser sintering to produce EVA and TPU model test specimens. And the test piece is subject to the mechanical property test content of the international standard specification. After the test, the data is sorted and presented through Matlab. In the experimental results, it is found that insoles and midsole structural elastomers with different lattice structure designs and different additive manufacturing methods can meet the possibility of commercially available foam materials in comparison with traditional materials.
In the end, this study used a set of experimental procedures to evaluate the difference between the characteristics of various microstructure test pieces and traditional foam materials. Such an experimental procedure can shorten the engineering application development time and improve production efficiency.

摘要 .....................................................i
Abstract....................................................ii
誌謝 ...................................................iii
目錄 ....................................................iv
表目錄 ...................................................vii
圖目錄 ....................................................ix
第一章 緒論 .............................................1
1.1 研究背景.............................................1
1.2 研究動機與目的.......................................2
1.3 文獻回顧.............................................2
1.3.1 TPMS及細胞狀晶格結構性質及應用.......................2
1.3.2 鞋墊及鞋中底相關之研究與應用.........................4
1.4 研究流程.............................................6
1.5 論文架構.............................................6
第二章 基礎理論.............................................8
2.1 積層製造技術說明.....................................8
2.1.1 光固化成型技術 .....................................9
2.1.2 粉床熔融成型 .....................................9
2.1.3 熱熔堆積成型技術Fused Deposition Modeling(FDM)......10
2.1.4 材料噴塗成型技術....................................11
2.2 EVA與TPU材料特性....................................11
2.2.1 EVA特性 ............................................11
2.2.2 TPU特性 ............................................12
2.3 鞋墊與中底之應用....................................12
2.3.1 鞋墊簡介............................................12
2.3.2 中底簡介............................................13
2.4 鞋墊機械性質測試標準................................15
2.4.1 三點彎曲試驗........................................15
2.4.2 硬度試驗............................................16
2.4.3 ROSS耐折試驗........................................16
2.5 中底機械性質測試標準................................17
2.5.1 垂直反撥彈性試驗....................................17
2.5.2 壓縮能試驗..........................................18
第三章 試片設計與製作流程..................................20
3.1 鞋墊試片設計........................................20
3.1.1 鞋墊微結構選用及尺寸................................20
3.1.2 鞋墊試片形狀設計....................................22
3.1.3 鞋墊試片微結構置入及輸出............................22
3.2 鞋中底結構彈性體試片設計............................24
3.2.1 鞋中底結構彈性體微結構選用及試片設計................24
3.2.2 鞋中底結構彈性體試片微結構置入及輸出................25
3.3 試片製作............................................26
3.3.1 切片軟體及列印參數設定..............................26
3.3.2 積層製造機台........................................28
3.3.3 製程之問題與挑戰....................................31
3.3.4 製程時間............................................33
第四章 實驗方法............................................37
4.1 試片規格種類........................................37
4.1.1 鞋墊試片規格種類....................................37
4.1.2 鞋中底結構彈性體試片規格種類........................39
4.2 鞋墊試片實驗........................................40
4.2.1 邵氏硬度試驗........................................40
4.2.2 ROSS耐折試驗........................................41
4.2.3 三點彎曲試驗........................................42
4.3 鞋中底結構彈性體試片實驗............................44
4.3.1 垂直反撥彈性試驗....................................44
4.3.2 壓縮能試驗..........................................45
第五章 結果與討論..........................................48
5.1 鞋墊試片試驗結果....................................48
5.1.1 邵氏硬度試驗結果....................................48
5.1.2 ROSS耐折試驗結果....................................54
5.1.3 三點彎曲試驗結果....................................58
5.1.4 試驗結果比較討論....................................62
5.2 鞋中底結構彈性體試片試驗結果........................64
5.2.1 垂直反撥彈性試驗結果................................64
5.2.2 壓縮能試驗結果 ....................................67
5.2.3 試驗結果比較討論....................................75
第六章 結論與未來展望 ....................................78
6.1 結論 ............................................78
6.2 未來展望............................................79
參考文獻....................................................80
附錄一 本研究試片照片......................................83
Extended Abstract...........................................86

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