由於流體流場的渦流形成對各類物理問題會產生不同實際應用上的各種影響，例如人體鼻腔內部渦流會影響呼吸的順暢度或是吸入式藥物的分布情形；至於頸靜脈於氣室的渦流有可能產生搏動性耳鳴；再者寶特瓶胚外部流場渦流會影響瓶胚加熱效果，進而影響成品的厚度均勻性。基於以上諸多理由，本論文以適應性有限元素法對人體呼吸氣流、頸靜脈血流及寶特瓶胚流場等三個工程問題的計算實例之流場作為研究對象，對於流體流動時渦流產生暫態過程的各種物理現象的變化情形作探討。研究結果顯示漩渦產生前，不論是流場是內部流或外部流，其慣性力大小在三維度各個方向上的變化幅度及頻率均比沒有產生漩渦的地方來得大。漩渦產生後處在不同的點其慣性力大小的變化頻率都趨於緩和，與沒有產生渦流處表現相似。至於壓力梯度值在漩渦產生前後的變化則小於未發生漩渦處的變化。本研究誤差估計值在三個工程問題中均顯現出收斂情形，且不同時間間隔計算也呈現出預期的成果。本文在時間及空間上已建立好較佳的計算環境，未來可以支援紊流的建立與破壞對各個物理現象所造成的影響作理論上的細部分析，冀望能解決基本的物理問題。

Because the vortex of the fluid flow field will have various effects on various physical problems, for example, the vortex in the human nasal cavity will affect the slowness of breathing and the distribution of mobile drugs; as for the vortex of the cervical vein and the chamber, it may be generated pulsatile tinnitus; the special external flow field turbulence of the bottle; the special external flow vortex field of the bottle, the heating ear of the preform will flow embryo, which affects the extensiveness of the maturity of the original embryo. The flow field of the calculation examples of three engineering problems such as the PET preform flow field when jugular blood flow is used as the research object, and the scene change and research of various physical phenomena in the transient process of vortex flow during flow are studied.
The research results show that before the vortex is generated, whether the flow field is an internal flow or an external flow, the magnitude and frequency of the inertial force changes in all directions of the three-dimensionality are greater than those where the vortex is not generated. At different points after the vortex is generated, the change frequency of the inertial force tends to be relaxed, which is similar to that where the vortex is not generated. As for the pressure gradient value before and after the vortex is generated, the change is smaller than the change where the vortex does not occur. The error estimates of this study all show convergence in the three engineering problems, and the calculations at different time intervals also show the expected results. This paper has established a better computing environment in time and space. In the future, it can support the establishment and destruction of turbulence to make a theoretical detailed analysis of the impact of various physical phenomena, hoping to solve basic physical problems.

摘要......i
Abstract......ii
誌謝......iv
目錄......v
表目錄......vi
圖目錄......vii
第一章 前言......1
1.1 研究目的與文獻回顧......1
1.2 研究範圍與限制......7
1.3 論文研究流程......7
1.4 論文撰寫架構......8
第二章 計算理論基礎......9
2.1 N-S的期後誤差估計(A Posteriori Error Estimate)......9
2.2 解N-S方程組的步進時間(Time-Stepping)......11
第三章 計算結果......13
3.1 人體鼻腔於呼吸時之空氣形成渦流現象與NAO原因分析......13
3.2 人體頸靜脈脈動血流通過憩室之渦流分析......14
3.3 PET瓶胚熱流場產生渦流現象與節能操作分析......16
第四章 結果與討論......19
第五章 結論......20
參考文獻......38

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