臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

浮游動物在海洋生態鏈中主要扮演著次級生產者的角色，是海洋食物鏈的重要基礎，不僅營養會經由食物鏈傳向高級消費者，污染也同樣地會累積於不同階層的生物體內。因此本研究希望探討台灣西南沿海浮游動物體內重金屬分布及與其豐度之關係。本研究將臺灣西南部沿海地區分為三條測線，由北向南分別從高雄港、高屏溪和枋山溪延伸各設置4個測站，並分析浮游動物及海水樣品中的銅、鋅、鎳、鎘、鉻、鉛六種金屬。由分析結果共鑑定27類浮游動物，以Calanoid為最常見的種類，占了浮游動物相對豐度的50%以上。根據金屬分析結果顯示，近岸海域的浮游動物體內之金屬濃度高於外海海域的金屬濃度，而依金屬濃度高低趨勢為：鋅＞鉛＞鎳＞銅＞鉻＞鎘。進一步分析發現，浮游動物的生物累積因子(Bioaccumulation factor)介於103-104之間，表示臺灣西南部浮游動物即使處於環境背景金屬濃度下之海域環境，也仍有一定積累金屬之能力。比較三條測線發現高雄港測站的浮游動物平均豐度最低及體內累積金屬平均濃度最高，表示相較於其他兩條測線，海水金屬濃度呈現較高的高雄港測線可能影響其浮游動物的族群結構及存活率。

Zooplankton plays a major role as a secondary producer and is an important foundation in the marine food chain. The pollutants just like nutrition can be transmitted to the high-level consumers through the food chain, and then accumulate in the different levels of organisms. Therefore, this study is to investigate the distribution of heavy metals in zooplankton and the relationship with its abundance in the southwestern coast of Taiwan. Three survey lines were set and extended from Kaohsiung Harbor, Kaoping River estuary, and Fangshan River estuary, respectively. Each survey line was designed with four stations. Six metals of Cu, Zn, Ni, Cd, Cr, and Pb in zooplankton and seawater samples were analyzed. A total of 27 species of zooplankton were identified in twelve stations. Calanoid is the most dominant species, accounting for more than 50% of the relative abundance of zooplankton among all stations. According to the results of metal analysis, the metal concentration of zooplankton that was collected from the coastal waters is higher than that from offshore waters, and the trend of metal concentration is: Zn > Pb > Ni > Cu > Cr > Cd. The bioaccumulation factor of zooplankton ranged from 10-4 to 10-3, indicating that the zooplankton in southwestern coastal Taiwan could accumulate metal, although they live in the marine environment with background (low) metal concentration. Comparing the three lines, the average abundance of zooplankton in the stations of Kaohsiung Harbor was the lowest and the average metal concentration was the highest, indicating that the relatively high metal concentration in seawater of Kaohsiung Harbor may affect on the population structure and survive of zooplankton.

中文摘要 i
Abstrast ii
目錄 iii
圖目錄 v
表目錄 vi
第一章 前言 1
1.1 研究背景及動機 1
1.2 研究目的 3
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2.1 台灣西南海域位置與水文特徵 4
2.2 研究區域背景及現況 6
2.3 重金屬 9
2.3.1 主要來源及特性 9
2.3.2環境分佈及影響 10
2.4 重金屬之生物累積 13
2.4.1 生物體對金屬之累積特性 13
2.4.2 生物累積及放大作用 14
2.4.3 金屬含量變化之因素 15
2.5 浮游動物之特性 16
第三章 材料與方法 19
3.1 研究架構 19
3.2 研究區域與樣品採集 21
3.2.1研究區域 21
3.2.2 樣品採集 23
3.3 實驗藥品與設備 24
3.3.1 藥品與試劑配製 24
3.3.2 實驗設備及儀器 26
3.4 樣品前處理與分析方法 27
3.4.1水樣 27
3.4.2 生物體 31
3.5 實驗品保品管 33
3.6數據分析 37
第四章 結果與討論 41
4.1 浮游動物組成及特性 41
4.1.1 生物體相對豐度 41
4.1.2 生態指數 45
4.2 重金屬含量 47
4.2.1 水體與浮游動物 47
4.2.2 金屬污染指數與生物累積 52
4.3 相關性分析 55
第五章 結論與建議 59
5.1 結論 59
5.2未來建議 60
參考文獻 61

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