本論文主要為鋁擠型機動力節能系統之改善，探討新開發之變頻變量節能系統對鋁擠型機的節能效率。此變頻變量節能型鋁擠型機之油壓動力系統將採用變頻控制，並搭配可程式化邏輯控制器(PLC)為電控系統的主控制器。藉由撰寫程式控制油路系統及油泵動力系統，即使擠型的擠壓壓力及擠壓速度等條件不同，仍可運算最佳節能的液壓動力輸出。機台也將搭配人機監控介面使控制系統，使機台更自動化，可優化現場生產和工作狀態，以達到增加生產效能的優勢。
本實驗利用數位多功能集合式電表測量機台電力的消耗，新開發節能型鋁擠型機，以模擬生產的方式，測量不同流量與壓力狀態下所造成的電力消耗，並與傳統設備生產實電力消耗的情況，加以比較，探討兩者節能系統的效益。實驗結果發現傳統定頻變量液壓系統與新開發之變頻變量液壓系統於相同的生產條件下，變頻變量液壓系統可節省52.5~72.6%電力能耗。

This thesis focuses on improving the power-saving system for aluminum extrusion press machine and investigates the energy efficiency of a newly developed variable frequency and variable displacement energy-saving system for aluminum extrusion press machines. The hydraulic power system of this variable frequency and variable displacement aluminum extrusion press machine will be controlled by a variable frequency drive (VFD) and a programmable logic controller (PLC) as the main controller of the electrical system. By programming the control of the hydraulic circuit and the hydraulic pump system, the optimal energy-saving hydraulic power output can be achieved even with different extrusion pressures and speeds. The machine will also be equipped with a human-machine interface (HMI) for control system monitoring, making the machine more automated and optimizing on-site production and operation to increase productivity.
This experiment utilized a digital multifunctional integrated power meter to measure the power consumption of the machine. A newly developed energy-saving aluminum extrusion machine was used to simulate the production process, and the power consumption under different flow rates and pressure conditions was measured and compared with the power consumption of the traditional equipment during actual production. The objective was to investigate the energy-saving efficiency between the two systems. The experimental results revealed that under the same production conditions, the variable frequency variable hydraulic system can save 52.5% to 72.6% of electricity consumption compared to the traditional fixed-frequency variable hydraulic system.

摘要 i
ABSTARCT ii
致謝 iv
目錄 v
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 11
1.3 研究方法 11
1.4文獻回顧 13
第二章 實驗理論與架構 16
2.1 液壓動力系統 16
2.1.1液壓基本原理 16
2.1.2液壓系統基本元件 17
2.1.3液壓泵原理 18
2.1.4 驅動馬達 26
2.1.5 啟動馬達元件 28
2.1.6 電控系統 30
2.2 實驗設備 31
2.2.1 研究實驗機台 31
2.2.2 電力量測儀器 33
2.2.3 流量檢測儀器 34
2.2.4壓力量測儀器 35
2.3 實驗參數 36
第三章 實驗結果與討論 42
3.1 試驗:變頻液壓系統待機轉速能耗 42
3.2 試驗:變頻液壓系統功率能耗 44
3.3 實際生產能耗測試 52
3.4 實驗結果討論 72
第四章 結論與未來研究建議 75
4.1 結論 75
4.2未來研究建議 76
參考文獻 77

[1] Das, S. K., Green, J. A. S., & Kaufman, J. G., 2010, “Aluminum recycling: Economic and environmental benefits”, Light Metal Age, 68(1), pp. 42.
[2] Bauser, M., Siegert, K., 2006, “Extrusion”, ASM international.
[3] Laue, K., & Stenger, H., 1981. “Extrusion Processes, Machinery, Tooling”, Translated From Strangpressen, American Society for Metals, 457.
[4] Vaneker, T. H. J., 2001, “Development of an Integrated Design Tool for Aluminum Extrusion Dies”, Print Partner Ipskamp, Enschede, Netherlands, pp.19-33.
[5] Gers, H. (Ed.)., 2007, “Strangpressen: Tagungsband des Symposiums Strangpressen des Fachausschusses Strangpressen der DGM”, John Wiley & Sons.
[6] 魏軍，2005，金屬擠壓機，北京，化學工業出版社。
[7] 謝建新，劉靜安，2001，金屬擠壓理論與技術，治金工業出版。
[8] 劉博，2016，30MN缸樑一體式液壓擠壓機設計與分析，燕山大学。
[9] 馬敏雄，2015，恆溫法控制鋁擠型。
[10] Dewinter, F. A., Kedrosky, B. J., 1989, “The application of a 3500 HP variable frequency drive for pipeline pump control”, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 25(6), pp. 1019-1024.
[11] Bemier, M. A., & Bourret, B., 1999, “Pumping energy and variable frequency drivers”, ASHRAE Journal, 12, pp.37-40.
[12] Glauss, M., 2000, “Hydraulic proportional pump controlled with industrial bus and integrated digital on-board electronic circuit”, vol, 44, pp. 552-556.
[13] Al-Smadi, A., As' Ad, S., Massarweh, W., 2007, “Identification and analysis of the power consumption for aluminum extrusion Process”, In 2007 Mediterranean Conference on Control & Automation, pp. 1-6.
[14] Neuberger, T., & Weston, S. B., 2012, “Variable frequency drives: energy savings for pumping applications”, Eaton Corporation.
[15] 戴群諺，2014，變頻器的原理與應用。
[16] Li, W., Kara, S., Kornfeld, B., 2013, “Developing unit process models for predicting energy consumption in industry: a case of extrusion line”, In Re-engineering Manufacturing for Sustainability: Proceedings of the 20th CIRP International Conference on Life Cycle Engineering, Singapore 17-19 April, 2013, pp. 147-152.
[17] Gao, M., Li, X., Huang, H., Liu, Z., Li, L., Zhou, D., 2016, “Energy-saving methods for hydraulic presses based on energy dissipation analysis”, Procedia CIRP 48, pp.331-335.
[18] AS'AD, S. A. M. E. R., Al-Smadi, A., Massarweh, W., 2018, “Diagnostic Analysis Of The Energy Consumption Of Aluminum Direct extrusion Operations For Real Time Conditions” i-Manager's Journal on Instrumentation & Control Engineering, 6(4).
[19] Bao, R., Wang, T., & Wang, Q., 2019, July. “A multi-pump multi-actuator hydraulic system with on-off valve matrix for energy saving”, In 2019 IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics (AIM), IEEE, pp.1110-1115.
[20] 張磊，2021，重型臥式鋁擠壓機變頻節能控制系統設計與應用，鍛壓裝備與製造技術，第56卷 第5期 2021 十月。
[21] Li, H., Wu, Y., Cao, H., Lu, F., & Li, C., 2022, “Energy dissipation characteristics modelling for hot extrusion forming of aluminum-alloy components” International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology, 9(6), 1439-1461.
[22] 黃群傑，2016，射出成形機節能動力系統之研製。
[23] Exner, H., Freitag, R., Geis, H., Lang, R., Oppolzer, J., Schwab, P., & Reik, M., 1991, Fundamentos y componentes de la olehidráulica. Manual de enseñanza e información.
[24] 劉瑞興，徐文輝，2009，液氣壓原理與實習，全華圖書股份有限公司。
[25] 呂淮熏，黃勝銘，2009，氣液壓學，高立圖書有限公司。