臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究論文著力於開發光纖雷射切割機使其XY的有效行程為600 mm*600 mm，垂直精度與同心圓度達0.05mm以內，透過機構設計與裝配技術，實現三軸龍門型雷射切割機的機電系統，再應用光纖雷射熔合切割原理，以及IPG YLM-150/1500-QCW-MM-AC的雷射源與LaserMech Fiber MINI ST的雷射加工頭，致使本光纖雷射切割機能有效切割厚度3mm以下金屬材質的板材。
對於雷射切割機硬體的建構，其機構與結構的設計使用電腦軟體Solidworks繪製，並著重在運動模組的軸向設計、軸向連接板輕量化、運動模組固定於桌板、底座結構、切割平台、落料集塵等設計，並且透過Ansys軟體進行結構分析。裝配技術著重在組裝時2-Y軸平行度的要求、三軸向轉接精度的要求。電控系統、高空走線與上位控制器INTEK M86S機械參數的調整，目的是為了讓整體運動與控制能有較佳的協調性，通訊層則透過乙太網控制自動化技術(EtherCAT)總線型來串接，連線至各模組進行訊號的通訊，確保雷射切割機能安全運轉。在雷射切割機通電試俥前，便將機構設計與裝配精度做到最終要求精度0.05 mm的一半，目的是為了留給運動模組層層堆疊累積誤差的空間。切割機通電後，執行精度校正的環節，著重在機械原點與軸向行程的設定，以及真直度、平行度與垂直度的校正。最後執行驗證機台的精度，透過圖形驗證法與ballbar循圓檢測兩種方式，來檢驗本研究論文的光纖雷射切割機是否達成精度要求，驗證結果顯示XY垂直精度達0.021 mm/m；XY真圓度達0.027 mm。

This thesis focuses on the development of fiber laser cutting machine so that the effective XY stroke is 600 mm*600 mm. The machine’s vertical accuracy and concentricity are within 0.05 mm, and the three-axis gantry type laser cutting is realized through mechanism design and assembly technology. In order to achieve cutting thickness of 3mm, this machine combines the principle of fiber laser fusion cutting and electromechanical system as well as the laser source of IPG YLM-150/1500-QCW-MM-AC and the laser processing head of LaserMech Fiber MINI ST. For the construction of the laser cutting machine hardware, the design of its mechanism and structure is drawn using the computer software Solidworks, and structural analysis is carried out through Ansys software. The design process focuses on the axial design of the movement module, the lightweight of the axial connection plate, the motion module on the table, base structure and cutting platforms, blanking and dust collection system, etc.
In order to achieve better coordination and performance of the overall movement and control, the assembly process focuses the parallelism of 2-Y axis and the perpendicularity of three-axis. The adjustment of the electrical control system, includes high-altitude wiring and the mechanical parameters of the host controller INTEK M86S. The communication layer is connected in series through the EtherCAT bus type and connected to each module. The group conducts signal communication to ensure the safe operation of the laser cutting machine. Before the laser cutting machine is energized and tested, the mechanism design and assembly accuracy are half of the final required accuracy of 0.05 mm, in order to leave space for the accumulation of errors in the layer-by-layer stacking of motion modules. After the cutting machine is powered on, the link of precision calibration is performed, focusing on the setting of the mechanical origin and axial stroke, as well as the correction of straightness, parallelism and perpendicularity. Finally, verify the accuracy of the machine, and verify whether the fiber laser cutting machine in this research meets the accuracy requirements through the graphic verification method and ballbar circular test. The verification results show that the XY vertical accuracy reaches 0.021 mm/m and XY roundness reaches 0.027 mm.

摘要..........i
Abstract..........ii
誌謝..........iii
目錄..........iv
表目錄..........vi
圖目錄..........vii
第一章 緒論..........1
1.1研究動機與目的..........1
1.2文獻回顧..........1
1.2.1金屬雷射切割..........1
1.2.2工具機精度檢測方式..........2
1.2.3 EtherCAT通訊連接..........2
1.3研究流程..........2
1.4論文大綱..........3
第二章 基礎設備與原理..........4
2.1雷射切割機組成..........4
2.1.1傳動系統..........4
2.1.2驅動器..........5
2.1.3上位控制器..........6
2.1.4雷射源..........7
2.1.5雷射加工頭..........8
2.2金屬雷射切割原理..........9
2.2.1雷射昇華切割..........9
2.2.2雷射火焰切割..........9
2.2.3雷射熔合切割..........9
2.3電腦軟體..........9
2.3.1 SolidWorks繪圖軟體..........10
2.3.2 Ansys分析軟體..........10
2.3.3 Thunder調機軟體..........11
2.3.4 Renishaw ballbar循圓軟體..........11
2.4量測設備..........11
2.4.1氣泡式水平儀..........12
2.4.2花崗岩平直規..........12
2.4.3花崗岩直角規..........13
2.4.4槓桿式量表..........13
2.4.5 QC20-W循圓測試儀..........14
第三章 雷射切割機硬體建構..........16
3.1機構與結構設計..........16
3.1.1工作平台設計..........16
3.1.2軸向連接板設計..........17
3.1.3底座結構設計..........20
3.1.4切割平台設計..........23
3.1.5落料集塵設計..........24
3.1.6機構與結構設計結果..........24
3.2結構分析..........25
3.2.1靜態分析..........25
3.2.2模態分析..........25
3.3裝配技術..........29
3.4電控系統規劃..........30
3.5高空走線..........31
3.6機械參數..........33
3.6.1驅動器參數設定..........33
3.6.2控制器參數設定..........35
第四章 雷射切割機精度校正..........39
4.1機械原點設定..........39
4.2軸向行程設定..........40
4.3精度校正步驟..........41
第五章 雷射切割機精度驗證..........49
5.1圖形驗證法..........49
5.2 ballbar循圓..........52
第六章 結論..........55
6.1結論..........55
6.2未來展望..........55
參考文獻..........56
附錄..........58
Extended Abstract..........59
1.Introduction..........60
2.Laser Cutting Machine Hardware Structure..........60
3.Accuracy Calibration and Verification..........63
4.Conclusions..........63

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