臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著全球化和自由化的經濟發展，陸地、空中和海洋的交通系統對於乘客和貨物運輸的需求和重要性不斷增加。海洋運輸在國際貨物運輸中佔有重要地位，促使國際海運業朝向大型化、快速化和專業自動化發展，是造成現今船舶自動辨識系統(AIS)負擔主要原因。而我國位於東北亞和東南亞的交匯處，北連日本和韓國，南接東南亞各國，是海運和經濟貿易的重要樞紐，同時，在國防戰略上也扮演著不可或缺的角色。然而，海洋通訊系統成本高昂且通訊速率有限，且由於海洋環境的特殊性，海上遠程通訊和高速即時數據傳輸等應用仍遠遠落後於陸地，這成為制約海洋經濟發展的技術瓶頸。近年來全球對海上通訊傳輸需求不斷增加，以及各國政府和企業推動智慧航運目標的需求，是迫切發展超高頻資料交換系統VDES的原因之一。有鑒於此本論文順應國際趨勢及相關船舶資通訊設備發展需求為導向，目前全球目前並無配合VDES系統來進行船舶導航之圖台系統，本論文將針對高雄港為研究範圍，將VDES系統所接收到之船舶訊息、電子浮標等訊息資料作為分析應用基礎，並與電子海圖顯示與資訊系統結合，從而更清楚地了解高雄港周遭海域，並提供我國未來建置VDES岸站之基礎模型架構。

With the development of globalization and economic liberalization, the demand and importance of land, air, and maritime transportation systems for passenger and cargo transportation have been continuously increasing. Maritime transportation plays a vital role in international cargo shipping, leading the international maritime industry towards larger, faster, and professionally automated vessels, which contributes to the main burden of the current Automatic Identification System (AIS). As our country is situated at the crossroads of Northeast Asia and Southeast Asia, bordered by Japan and South Korea to the north, and connected to various Southeast Asian countries to the south, it serves as an essential hub for maritime and economic trade and also plays an indispensable role in national defense strategy.
However, maritime communication systems are costly and have limited communication rates. Due to the unique characteristics of the marine environment, applications like long-range maritime communication and high-speed real-time data transmission lag significantly behind those in land-based communication systems. This becomes a technological bottleneck that restricts the development of the maritime economy. In recent years, the global demand for maritime communication and transmission has been continuously increasing, and the need to promote the goals of smart shipping by governments and enterprises has become urgent, which is one of the reasons for the rapid development of the Very High-Frequency Data Exchange System (VDES).
In response to these trends and the demand for the development of relevant shipboard communication equipment, this thesis focuses on the research scope of Kaohsiung Port. It utilizes the received vessel information and data from electronic buoys through the VDES system as the basis for analysis and application. By integrating this data with the electronic chart display and information system, a clearer understanding of the waters around Kaohsiung Port can be obtained, providing a fundamental model framework for the future establishment of VDES shore stations in our country.

中 文 摘 要 iii
ABSTRACT iv
致謝 vi
目錄 vii
表目錄 ix
圖目錄 x
壹、 緒論 1
一、 研究背景 1
二、 研究目的 5
三、 論文架構 7
貳、 相關研究與文獻探討 9
一、 船舶自動識別系統(Automatic Identification System, AIS) 9
二、 超高頻資料交換系統(VHF Data Exchange System, VDES) 13
三、 電子海圖顯示與資訊系統(Electronic Chart Display and Information System, ECDIS) 17
參、 系統架構與技術說明 20
一、 系統架構及相關軟硬體設備 20
二、 調變與編碼方式(Modulation and Coding Scheme, MCS) 24
三、 超高頻資料交換系統資料類型介紹 35
肆、 研究成果及系統展示 41
一、 便攜式行動站之資料訊息呈現 42
二、 便攜式行動站之電子海圖呈現 46
伍、 結論與未來展望 51
一、 結論 51
二、 未來展望 52
參考文獻 53

[1]United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, 2022, Key statistics and trends in trade policy2021- The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Tariff Concessions.
[2]臺灣港務股份有限公司基隆港務分公司，2023，基隆港進出港船舶資料彙整
[3]臺灣港務股份有限公司臺中港務分公司，2023，臺中港進出港船舶資料彙整
[4]臺灣港務股份有限公司高雄港務分公司，2023，高雄港進出港船舶資料彙整
[5]臺灣港務股份有限公司花蓮港務分公司，2023，花蓮港進出港船舶資料彙整
[6]行政院農委會漁業署，2022，民國110年(2021)漁業統計年報
[7]國際海事組織(International Maritime Organization, IMO)
[8]International Telecommunication Union, 2014, ITU-R M.2317-0 VHF Data Exchange System channel sounding campaign.
[9]International Telecommunication Union, 2015, ITU-R M.2317-0 Selection of the channel plan for a VHF Data Exchange System.
[10]長谷川和彥、畑耕治郎、澤田涼平、山林潤, 2016, VDESシミュレータの開発， 第135回講演会日本航海学会講演予稿集，第4卷，第221-223頁。
[11]Golaya, A. P., Yogeswaran, N., 2020, Maritime communication: From flags to the VHF Data Exchange System (VDES), Journal of the National Maritime Foundation of India, 16, 119-131.
[12]R. Raulefs, T. A. Stenbock, A. Dammann, S. Plass, Physical layer design towards VHF Data Exchange (VDE) Link, 2015, OCEANS 2015 - MTS/IEEE Washington, Washington, DC, USA, pp.1-8, doi: 10.23919/OCEANS.2015.7404593.
[13]Martin S., Vendela S., Axel H., Henrik H., Christian F., 2019, AIS in maritime research, Journal of Marine Policy, Vol. 106.
[14]許華智，陳心雅，2013，電子海圖即時定位功能之成效分析
[15]吳曉進，2001，ECDIS系統在現代船舶系統中的應用和發展，船用導航雷達，PP.12-1
[16]L. Ma, X. Sun and J. Wen, Design and implementation of VDES Link Layer protocol applied to intelligent vessels, 2020, 5th International Conference on Information Science, Computer Technology and Transportation, pp. 422-426, doi: 10.1109/ISCTT51595.2020.00079.
[17]International Telecommunication Union, 2010, ITU-R M.1371-1 Technical Characteristics For a Universal ShipborneAutomatic Identification System Using Time Division Multiple Access In the VHF Maritime Mobile Band.
[18]C. Andreasen, The IHO Electronic Charting and the changing relationship to ports, 1994, International Hydrographic Review, vol. LXX1, no. 2, pp. 23-36.
[19]International Hydrographic Organization, IHO Transfer Standard for Digital Hydrographic Data., 1996, IHO Special Publication, vol. 3, no. 57
[20]B. Pillich, Time Varying Objects in ECDIS - Today tomorrow and soon after, 1995, International Hydrographic Review, vol. LXXII, no. 2, pp. 111-120.
[21]International Hydrographic Organization, IHO Transfer Standard for Digital Hydrographic Data, 2000.
[22]J. M. Mou, C. Van Der Tak and H. Ligteringen, 2010, Study on collision avoidance in busy waterways by using AIS data, Ocean Engineering, vol. 37, pp. 483-490.
[23]H. Jincan., F. Maoyan, Based on ECDIS and AIS ship collision avoidance warning system research, 2015, 8th International Conference on Intelligent Computation Technology and Automation, DOI 10.1109/ICICTA.2015.69
[24]洪誌陽，2021，大型船舶航行預測演算之研究，國立高雄科技大學供應鏈管理系。
[25]Travis F. Collins, Robin Getz, Di Pu, and Alexander M., 2018, Software-Defined Radio for Engineers., ISBN-13: 978-1-63081-457-1.
[26]J.C. Juang, 2000, On GPS Positioning and Integrity Monitoring, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and E lectronic S ystem , vol. 36, issue. 1, pp. 327 336, Jan. 2000.
[27]Šakan, D., Žuškin, S., Brčić, D. & Valčić, S., 2019, Analysis of Primary Position Validation in ECDIS System., Advances in Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation.
[28]IALA., 2022, Guideline G1129 Retransmission of SBAS Corrections for Marine Aids to Navigation (AtoN) service providers.
[29]IEC., 2015, Standard 61174:2015 Ed.4.0, Electronic chart display and information system (ECDIS) - Operational and performance requirements, methods of testing and required test results, August.
[30]IALA, 2019, Guideline G1139 The Technical Specification of VDES, Ed. 3
[31]Recommendation ITU-R M.1371-5, Technical Characteristics for an Automatic Identification System Using Time Division Multiple Access in the VHF Maritime Mobile Frequency Band, 2014, International Telecommunication Union, Geneva.
[32]International Telecommunication Union, 2022, ITU-R M.2092-1 Technical characteristics for a VHF data exchange system in the VHF maritime mobile band
[33]Øystein, H., Øystein, O., Torkild, E., Richard, O., 2009, ESA mulighetsstudie for et europeisk satellittbasert AIS system - avsluttende rapport og abstrakt.
[34]S.H. Oh, D. Seo, B.G. Lee, and B.H. Chung, 2014, Mutual Authentication between Ships in the E Navigation Environment, 7 th International Conference on Security Technology , Dec.
[35]International Telecommunication Union, 2018, ITU-R M.2435-0 Technical studies on the satellite component of the VHF data exchange system.
[36]Reid, T. G. R., Neish, A. M., Walter, T., Enge, P. K. (2018) Broadband LEO Constellations for Navigation. Journal of the institute of Navigation, 65, 205-220.
[37]International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities, 2022, Guideline G1117 VHF Data Exchange System (VDES) Overview, Edition 3.0.
[38]International Telecommunication Union, 2022, M.2092-1 Technical characteristics for a VHF data exchange system in the VHF maritime mobile band.