臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要 i
Abstract iii
誌謝 v
目錄 vi
表目錄 xi
圖目錄 xiii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機 3
1.3 研究架構 6
1.3.1 探討觸媒在不同煅燒條件下對燃料電池性能之影響 6
1.3.2 探討聚脲混入氯化銨煅燒對於參數之影響 6
1.3.3 探討硫的摻雜對於燃料電池性能之影響 6
1.3.4 與商業20% Pt/C觸媒以及鈷氮碳觸媒進行性能比較 6
第二章 文獻回顧 7
2.1 燃料電池發展 7
2.2 燃料電池的優勢 8
2.3 燃料電池的種類與應用 10
2.4 陰離子交換膜燃料電池(AEMFC) 12
2.4.1 陰離子交換膜燃料電池簡介 12
2.4.2 陰離子交換膜燃料電池之原理 14
2.4.3 陰離子交換膜燃料電池之構造及元件 16
2.4.4 陰離子交換膜(Anion Exchange Membrance；AEM) 17
2.4.5 觸媒層(Catalyst Layer; CL) 18
2.4.6 氣體擴散層(Gas Diffusion Layer；GDL) 19
2.4.7 雙極板(Bipolar Plates；BP) 21
2.4.8 氣密墊片(gasket) 23
2.4.9 集電板(Current collectors) 24
2.4.10 膜電極組(Membrance Electrode Assembly；MEA) 24
2.4.11 燃料電池極化 25
2.5 氧氣還原反應 27
2.6 電子轉移數 29
2.7 無金屬觸媒 31
2.8 雜原子摻雜於石墨碳材料 32
2.9 雜原子摻雜石墨材料氧還原機制 33
2.10 對苯二胺與對苯二異氰酸酯應用於觸媒 35
2.11 對苯二異硫氰酸酯應用於觸媒 36
2.12 氯化銨應用於觸媒 36
第三章 實驗 37
3.1 實驗藥品 37
3.2 儀器設備 41
3.3 實驗步驟 45
3.3.1 氮摻雜碳觸媒製備 45
3.3.2 氮硫共摻雜碳觸媒製備 49
3.3.3 鈷氮碳觸媒製備 52
3.3.4 電化學測定 55
3.3.5 膜電極組(MEA)製作 57
第四章 結果與討論 62
4.1 官能基分析(FTIR) 62
4.2 熱重量分析(TGA) 64
4.3 表面形貌分析 65
4.3.1 TEM分析 65
4.3.2 SEM分析 67
4.4 結晶性分析 74
4.5 有序性分析(Raman) 75
4.6 表面性質分析(BET) 77
4.6.1 不同溫度觸媒表面性質(BET)分析比較 79
4.6.2 NH4Cl輔助煅燒觸媒表面性質(BET)分析比較 81
4.6.3 氮硫共摻雜觸媒表面性質(BET)分析比較 82
4.7 氮硫束縛能分析(XPS) 84
4.7.1 不同條件觸媒N1s束縛能分析比較 85
4.7.2 硫摻雜觸媒之XPS分析 87
4.8 導電度分析 89
4.9 電化學分析 90
4.9.1 線性掃描伏安法(Linear Sweep Voltammetry；LSV) 91
4.9.2 電子轉移數 95
4.9.3 塔佛(Tafel)斜率 99
4.9.4 循環伏安法(Cyclic voltammetry) 102
4.9.5 耐久性測試 104
4.9.6 甲醇耐受性測試 105
4.10 單電池極化分析 106
4.10.1 不同溫度觸媒單電池分析 107
4.10.2 不同條件觸媒單電池分析 108
第五章 結論 112
參考文獻 114

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