臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

屏東縣是全台灣石斑魚的養殖重鎮。受限於土地與經濟效益考量下，業者會採用高密度養殖方式，然而高密度養殖過程會配合大量投餌，容易因水中殘餌與排泄物過多，造成有機物質的累積，為降低有機物質累積的風險，業者透過大量換水減少養殖池中累積的有機物質。屏東沿海地區養殖產業因大量用水需求，長期過度依賴地下水，造成嚴重的地層下陷，對國土資源造成重大影響。近年國內石斑魚養殖產業持續面臨中國大陸迅速發展之威脅，加上新冠肺炎疫情導致產業整體交易機制大幅轉變，及石斑魚因禁藥問題導致中國大陸暫停國內石斑魚出口，活魚外銷受阻，使得國內石斑魚產業面臨發展障礙。為解決上述問題及減緩地層下陷情況日益惡化，推廣友善養殖模式已成為未來國家發展趨勢。透過本研究調查分析得知應用友善養殖管理技術後有效提升石斑魚養殖單位面積生產量(p<0.05)。以經濟層面分析，透過應用友善養殖管理技術後石斑魚每年預估可提升30,191公噸/公頃之產量、222.05千元/公頃之產量及減少1,357.21kWh/ha/month之耗電量，提升產值產量的同時亦能降低自然資源及能源消耗。進一步透過虛擬變數迴歸分析，影響單位面積生產量的因素包括是否應用友善養殖管理技術、放養密度及魚體收成規格(p<0.05)，而育成時間與單位面積生產量無顯著關係，且相關係數為負值。本次調查結果確立應用友善養殖管理技術後可提升養殖單位面積生產量、降低養殖用水、用電與經營成本，促進我國水土資源永續利用與產業低碳永續經營發展。

Pingtung county is an important location of aquaculture production of grouper in Taiwan.Limited by land and economic considerations,the industry usually adopts high-density farming methods. However, the high-density farming process is combined with a large amount of baiting, which is easy to cause the accumulation of organic matter due to feed residues and feces in the water. In order to reduce the risk of organic matter accumulation, the industry attempts to reduce the accumulation of organic matter in the culture pond by changing the water extensively.Due to the large amount of water demand, the aquaculture industry in the coastal area of Pingtung has long relied on overground water, resulting in serious land subsidence and a major impact on land resources.In recent years, the domestic grouper aquaculture industry in Taiwan has been continuously facing the rapid development of mainland China as a significant threat. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant changes in the overall trading mechanisms of the industry. Moreover, the suspension of domestic grouper exports to mainland China due to drug-related issues has further hindered the industry's development. The obstruction of live fish exports has posed obstacles to the growth of the domestic grouper industry.In order to solve the above problems and slow down the deterioration of land subsidence, the promotion of environmentally friendly aquaculture mode has become a national development trend in the future. Through the research investigation and analysis, it has been found that the application of environmentally friendly aquaculture management techniques effectively enhances the production per unit area of grouper farming (p<0.05). From an economic perspective, the application of these techniques is estimated to increase grouper production by 30,191 metric tons per hectare annually, generate an additional revenue of 222.05 thousand yuan per hectare, and reduce electricity consumption by 1,357.21 kWh/ha/month. This not only increases production and value but also reduces the consumption of natural resources and energy. Further regression analysis using dummy variables reveals that factors affecting production per unit area include the application of environmentally friendly aquaculture management techniques, stocking density, and harvest specifications of fish (p<0.05). However, the study found no significant relationship between rearing duration and production per unit area, and the correlation coefficient was negative. These findings confirm that the application of environmentally friendly aquaculture management techniques can increase production per unit area, reduce water usage, electricity consumption, and operational costs. This promotes sustainable utilization of our country's water and land resources and encourages low-carbon and sustainable development in the industry.

摘要 I
Abstract III
誌謝 VI
表目錄 X
圖目錄 XI
一、緒論 12
1.1石斑魚(Grouper) 12
1.1.1石斑魚簡介 12
1.1.2石斑魚養殖產業發展概況 13
1.1.3我國石斑魚養殖面臨瓶頸 15
1.1.4 COVID-19對石斑魚產業影響 17
1.2友善養殖管理技術 18
1.2.1友善養殖應用 18
1.2.2益生菌 20
1.2.3友善養殖管理模式在水產養殖業永續發展的應用 23
1.3研究動機與目的 26
二、材料與方法 27
2.1試驗魚種選定 27
2.2試驗範圍選定 27
2.3試驗業者選定 28
2.4資材提供及應用技術輔導 28
2.5問卷調查及訪談 28
2.6計量模型 29
2.6.1 檢定分析 29
2.6.2虛擬變數迴歸(Dummy Variable Regression) 29
三、研究結果 34
3.1 養殖與收成變數彙整與分析 34
3.2 應用友善養殖管理技術及養殖效益之虛擬變數迴歸 34
3.2.1 基準模型(Baseline Model) 34
3.2.2 二次項多元迴歸模型(Quadratic Regression Model) 35
3.2.3 交互作用分析 35
四、討論 37
4.1 應用友善養殖管理技術預估可增加之產量與產值 37
4.2 應用友善養殖管理技術預估可降低換水量與用電量之成本 37
4.3 應用友善養殖管理技術所需提升之成本 38
4.4 應用友善養殖管理技術之虛擬變數迴歸 39
4.4.1 應用友善養殖管理技術與單位面積生產量之相關分析 39
4.4.2 放養密度與單位面積生產量之關係分析 39
4.4.3 育成時間與單位面積生產量之關係分析 40
4.4.4 魚體收成規格與單位面積生產量之關係分析 40
4.4.5 單位面積換水量與單位面積生產量之關係分析 41
4.5 總結 42
4.6 應用友善養殖管理技術之SWOT策略分析 42
五、結論 44
六、參考文獻 45
研究結果圖表 52
附錄一 74
附錄二 75

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