臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文提出一個具有快速跳脫功能的保護電路設計。主要功率開關採用常閉式(Normally on)的SiC JFET，並以快速啟動的隔離式轉換器作為保護裝置的閘極驅動器。這個自供電的固態斷路器會透過檢測主迴路上電流的異常上升來偵測短路故障，並使用隔離式轉換器快速建立閘極電壓以截止SiC JFET，達到極短時間內快速停止短路故障電流之目的。本文透過程式控制自供電固態斷路器中快速啟動的隔離式轉換器的PWM訊號，便可達到針對不同的短路電流故障條件進行調整，達到跳脫電流閥值可程式化之目的。另外，此自供電固態斷路器可以直接放置於電路迴路當中，無需任何外部電源或額外接線。最後本文以MCU-ATMEGA328P單晶片做為系統控制核心，直流電網端電壓為100 V~ 400 V、負載功率最大值為6 kW之自供電固態斷路器。固態斷路器復歸部分則以MCU-ATMEGA328P單晶片為主體，Modbus有線復歸控制機制與藍芽無線復歸的並行網路通訊架構，作為固態斷路器保護驅動電路復歸之功能。經實驗結果可知自供電固態斷路器主迴路短路電流從偵測至跳脫最短時間可達到50.49 µS。

This thesis presents a design for a protective circuit with fast tripping functionality. The main power switch utilizes a normally-on Silicon Carbide Junction Field Effect Transistor (SiC JFET) and employs a fast-start isolated converter as the gate driver for the protective device. The self-powered solid-state circuit breaker detects short circuit faults by monitoring the abnormal rise in current in the main loop. By utilizing the isolated converter, the gate voltage is rapidly established to deactivate the SiC JFET, thereby achieving the objective of swiftly halting the short circuit fault current within a remarkably short period of time. The paper proposes a programmable approach by utilizing PWM signals of the fast-start isolated converter in the self-powered solid-state circuit breaker, enabling adjustment for different short circuit fault conditions and programmable tripping current threshold. Additionally, this self-powered solid-state circuit breaker can be directly placed within the circuit loop without the need for any external power source or additional wiring. The paper employs the MCU-ATMEGA328P microcontroller as the central control core for the system, with a DC grid voltage ranging from 100V to 400V and a maximum load power of 6kW for the self-powered solid-state circuit breaker. The circuit breaker reset section is predominantly based on the MCU-ATMEGA328P microcontroller and utilizes a parallel network communication architecture of Modbus wired reset control mechanism and Bluetooth wireless reset, providing the reset functionality for the protective driver circuit of the solid-state circuit breaker. Experimental results demonstrate that the self-powered solid-state circuit breaker achieves a minimum detection to tripping time for main loop short circuit current of 50.49µS.

摘要...i
Abstract...ii
誌謝...iii
目錄...iv
表目錄...vi
圖目錄...vii
第一章 緒論...1
1.1 研究動機與目的...1
1.2 文獻探討...3
1.2.1 固態斷路器架構...3
1.2.2 寬能隙碳化矽電晶體(SiC JFET)...4
1.3 論文大綱...6
第二章 固態斷路器架構...8
2.1 固態斷路器簡介...8
2.2 固態斷路器閘極驅動電路...12
2.2.1 返馳式轉換器...14
2.2.2 順向式轉換器...15
2.3 返馳-順向式轉換器混成電路架構(Flyback-Forward Hybrid Converter，FFHC)...17
2.4 各式隔離型轉換器之電壓建立速度比較...21
第三章 數位控制簡介...23
3.1 MCU-ATMEGA328P單晶片...23
3.1.1 藍芽無線通訊...26
3.2 Modbus通訊系統...28
3.3 Modbus有線與藍芽無線並行控制...33
第四章 電路參數設計...38
4.1 自供電電路設計...41
4.2 短路觸發條件設計...43
4.3 閘極驅動電路設計...44
4.4 復歸電路系統設計...49
第五章 固態斷路器架構...55
5.1 固態斷路器閘極驅動電路模擬...55
5.2 固態斷路器模擬...56
第六章 實驗結果與波形量測...61
6.1 固態斷路器操作狀態...61
6.1.1 閘極驅動電路...61
6.1.2 短路跳脫狀態與跳脫速度...63
6.1.3 復歸狀態...66
6.2 固態斷路器效率分析...68
6.3 固態斷路器耐受性分析...69
第七章 結論與未來展望...75
7.1 結論...75
7.2 未來展望...75
參考文獻...76
Extended Abstract...79

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