臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

室內外空氣品質對學校的學生、教師及行政人員健康有重要影響。本研究探討高雄市某大學不同區域（警衛室、教室、圖書資訊大樓、餐廳及行政大樓）空氣中揮發性有機化合物(Volatile Organic Compounds, VOCs)、醛酮類（Carbonyls）、懸浮微粒（PM）等污染物濃度，以瞭解室內外空氣品質特性與影響因子。研究結果顯示，相對於校內其他場所，警衛室通常位於校區大馬路旁，進出車輛排放空氣污染物排放較大，加上校園對於進出車輛需管制(換證及量測體溫等)與怠速停車等行為易造成警衛室環境懸浮微粒污染相對較高，且上午因進出車輛較多，造成室內污染物濃度明顯高於下午。學校室內外空氣懸浮微粒量測結果顯示，PM10與PM2.5戶外濃度普遍高於室內濃度，顯示室內懸浮微粒主要來自戶外污染源。揮發性有機物與醛酮類方面，甲醛、乙醛與丙酮普遍存在室內污染來源，甲醛則於圖書館與行政大樓有存在室內污染源，室內苯與乙苯濃度主要來自戶外空氣貢獻。二甲苯、苯乙烯與偏三甲苯室外濃度較高，可能受車輛排放與其他室外污染源影響較大。

This study investigates the volatile organic compounds (VOCs), aldehydes and ketones (carbonyls), and suspended particulates (PM) in the air in different areas (guardhouses, classrooms, library and information buildings, restaurants, and administrative buildings) of a university in Kaohsiung City. The results show that compared to other places in the school, the guardhouse is usually located beside the main road on the campus, and the air pollutants emitted by the vehicles entering and exiting are larger. In addition, the campus needs to control the vehicles entering and exiting (renewal and measuring body temperature) and idling parking Such behaviors are likely to cause relatively high pollution of suspended particulates in the guard room environment, and the concentration of indoor pollutants is significantly higher than that in the afternoon due to more vehicles entering and leaving in the morning. The results of indoor and outdoor airborne particles in schools show that the outdoor concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 are generally higher than indoor concentrations, indicating that indoor suspended particles mainly come from outdoor pollution sources. Higher toluene, acetaldehyde, and acetone levels were measured indoors, indicating indoor pollution sources existed. Library and administrative buildings might exist sources of formaldehyde. Indoor benzene and ethylbenzene were mainly contributed by outdoor air. Xylenes, styrene, and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene were significantly affected by vehicle emissions and other outdoor pollution sources, so the outdoor concentrations were higher.

目錄
摘要i
ABSTRACTii
致謝iii
目錄iv
圖目錄vii
表目錄x
第一章 緒論1
1-1研究背景1
1-2研究目的2
第二章 文獻回顧3
2-1 學校環境暴露來源3
2-2室內主要污染物5
2-2-1懸浮微粒(Particulate Matter, PM)6
2-2-1-1二氧化碳的汙染來源 8
2-2-1-2一氧化碳的汙染來源 9
2-2-1-3氮氧化物的污染來源 9
2-2-2醛酮類（Carbonyls） 10
2-2-3揮發性有機物(Volatile Organic Compounds)17
2-3學校室內與室外空氣品質19
第三章 研究方法25
3-1研究架構25
3-2研究地點規劃26
3-2-1採樣場所特性28
3-2-1-1 A場所(教室)28
3-2-1-2 B場所（餐廳）29
3-2-1-3 C場所（行政大樓）30
3-2-1-4 D場所（圖資大樓）31
3-2-1-5 E場所（警衛室）32
3-3 檢測方法與儀器設備33
3-3-1細懸浮微粒採樣器33
3-3-2室內細懸浮微粒採樣濾紙33
3-3-3金屬元素成份分析方法33
3-3-4 水溶性離子成份分析方法34
3-3-5 GRIMM氣膠監測採樣器36
3-4 揮發性有機物採樣方法與設備38
3-4-1 分析項目41
3-5醛酮類採樣方法與設備44
第四章結果與討論47
4-1 室內/外環境中污染物之分布47
4-2學校採樣環境分布與分析48
4-2-1 橋頭監測站之風向圖49
4-2-1 橋頭監測站之風向圖(續)50
4-2-1 橋頭監測站之風向圖(續)51
4-3學校室內/外各污染物之結果分析52
4-3-1 室內與室外空氣中PM推估53
4-3-1-1 學校警衛室PM分析及影像結果62
4-3-1-2學校室外PM重金屬元素結果64
4-3-1-3學校警衛室室內/外空氣中PM統計66
4-3-2學校Carbonyls濃度結果分布情形67
4-3-2-1室內與室外空氣中Carbonyls推估72
4-3-2-2室內/外空氣中Carbonyls統計77
4-3-3 學校VOCs濃度結果分布情形78
4-3-3-1 室內/外空氣中VOCs推估79
4-3-3-2室內/外空氣中VOCs統計89
第五章 結論與建議91
5-1結論91
5-2 建議91
參考文獻92

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