臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

工業污染、都市擴張發展犧牲農地，以及過度耕作耗盡土壤養分等種種環境問題下，聯合國警示全球有1/3土壤遭受環境危害。
農耕栽種技術進步，透過傳統施肥雖可增加土壤肥力，提升作物產量，但在傳統露天的土壤環境下，如何精準控制土壤礦質的施肥劑量，增加土壤中礦物鋅及硒的含量，讓作物吸收且不造成環境負擔，卻是相當不容易。微量營養素的缺乏是全球營養失衡的持續現象，限制了世界上許多農業用地的作物生產。為能解決土壤貧脊、地力衰退致使蔬菜在種植過程中無法由土壤獲取足夠的礦物質，衍生造成人類因食物中養分貧乏而無法藉由攝取蔬菜滿足人體每日所需礦物質，產生營養不良因而致病問題。
已知硒與鋅為人體所需必要元素，透過人工監測水溶液環境狀態更較利於控制土壤環境中硒與鋅吸收狀態，本研究透過永續農法概念以水耕養液提供無機營養源，除增加蔬菜體所含硒與鋅成分，為使養液中礦質元素循環利用、以質量平衡管理栽培系統整體硒與鋅總含量經由產銷履歷驗證制度，為此研究方向。

Under various environmental problems, such as industrial pollution, urban expansion and sacrifice of agricultural land, and the depletion of soil nutrients by over-cultivation, the United Nations warns that one-third of the world's soil is in danger.
Agricultural technology can increase soil fertility and crop yield through traditional fertilization. However, it is not easy to increase the content of mineral zinc and selenium in the soil and allow crops to absorb them without causing an environmental burden by accurately controlling the fertilization dose of soil minerals. Micronutrient deficiency is a persistent phenomenon of nutritional disorder in the world and it limits crop production on many agricultural lands. Vegetables cannot obtain enough minerals from the soil during the planting process because of poor soil ridges and declining soil fertility. That causes illness when human beings cannot get daily mineral requirements by ingesting vegetables.
Selenium and zinc are known to be essential elements of the human body, and the absorption of selenium and zinc in soil environments is better controlled by artificial monitoring solutions. The direction of this study is described as follows. The selenium and zinc components contained in the vegetable are increased through sustainable agriculture and used to recycle the mineral elements in the nutrient solution. The total content of selenium and zinc in the whole cultivation system is managed by the quality balance through the Traceability System.

目錄
中文摘要 i
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 viii
誌謝 ix
第1章、前言 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2研究目的 3
第2章、文獻回顧 4
2.1土壤環境 4
2.1.1土壤的形成 4
2.1.2土壤礦物元素的風化作用 4
2.1.3土壤礦物元素的組成型態 5
2.1.4影響土壤礦物元素肥力因素 6
2.2鋅及硒元素於土壤性中論其有效性 8
2.2.1鋅Zinc在土壤中的有效性 8
2.2.2受農業行為影響鋅的有效性 9
2.2.3土壤中硒Selenium的來源 10
2.2.4硒在土壤中的有效性 11
2.3.農地土壤所遭遇問題 13
2.3.1土壤貧脊 13
2.3.2農地污染 14
2.4永續農業的定義 21
2.4.1水耕栽培背景與發展 22
2.4.2水耕養液肥份管理與土壤肥份管理之區別 24
2.4.3以養液替代土壤溶液提供養分 25
2.4.4水耕蔬菜食用安全應規範養液配置原料等級 25
2.4.5養液增進蔬菜價值，提供人體微量元素 26
2.4.6水耕養液礦質元素循環利用 27
2.4.7產銷履歷-水耕農產品 28
第三章、研究方法 31
3.1實驗架構 31
3.2栽培系統建置 33
3.2.1栽培作物 33
3.2.2栽培設備 34
3.2.3養液配方 36
3.3分析方法品保品管架構 37
3.3.1樣品採集及保存 37
3.3.2依樣品類型所執行品質品保分析項目 38
3.3.3儀器使用前儀器性能確認與訊號值的管控 39
3.3.4藥品與試劑 42
3.4監測水耕栽培系統中鋅與硒 43
3.4.1偵測極限製作 43
3.4.2檢量線製作 52
3.4.3空白樣品分析 56
3.4.4重複樣品分析 56
3.4.5添加樣品分析 57
3.4.6查核樣品分析 57
3.4.7檢量線查核 57
3.5水體養液栽培過程鋅與硒濃度變化 58
3.6半結球萵苣植物體消化方法 59
3.7養液水體總含量 60
3.8每單位重量的植物體中所含元素含量 60
3.8.1植物體中所含元素乾基總含量 60
第四章、研究結果 61
4.1養液-硒配置型態來源與鋅濃度決定 61
4.1.1半結球萵苣對硒酸根、亞硒酸根吸收率 61
4.1.2半結球萵苣對高濃度鋅離子吸收率及生長狀態 63
4.2監測栽培系統中養液水體濃度變化 66
4.3栽培系統中鋅與硒質量平衡 70
第五章、結論與建議 74
5.1結論 74
5.2建議 75
附錄 76
參考文獻 79

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