因應工業的迅速發展加工機的演變也越來越多元化，複合式的工具機儼然已成為世界上各國積極研發的機種。複合化工具機除了需具有精度上的要求外，同時也要具備高速化的特性，能夠增加加工效率同時減少業者的成本，複合式加工機能夠成為各國積極研發的機種是因為其具備了上述要求的精度、速度與節省成本的優點，因此複合式加工機的設計與性能就尤為重要，其關係到機台的結構靜動態特性並直接的影響到加工的品質。
本論文主要研究五軸車銑複合工具機的結構靜剛性、動剛性、熱變形分析與測試驗證，同時分析各空間位置的靜剛性、動剛性、熱變形空間的相對誤差，並進行結構最佳化的設計。本研究使用有限元素法(Finite Element Analysis)分析整機結構特性，並透過實驗模態測試法，驗證五軸車銑複合工具機的振動形態與自然頻率其分析結果前三階誤差百分比分別為1.7%、10.2%、4.2%，本研究亦探討空間中的靜剛性並比較機台內部熱源引起的結構變形及空間相對誤差，於各軸向做補償，改善結構變形所引起的誤差，靜力施力後補償範圍在-3.5μm~6.4 μm之間，熱變形施力後補償範圍在-4.4μm~7.9 μm之間，此外空間精度的改變動態性能也會跟著改變，分析機台動態剛性的結果，每階模態振型相同，但是頻率根據位置不同卻有所差異。另經由結構設計改善提升機台剛性，達到降低變形量並提升動剛性的目的。

In response to the rapid development of the industry, the evolution of processing machines has become increasingly diversified. Moreover, the hybrid machine tool is a model being developed by countries worldwide. In addition to the precision requirements, the composite machine tool must have the characteristic of high speed, which can increase the processing efficiency, while reducing the cost incurred by the industry. The composite machine tool could become a model being developed by various countries because it has the above requirements. It has the advantages of precision, speed, and reduced cost; hence, the design and performance of the compound processing machine are particularly important. These factors are related to the static and dynamic characteristics of the machine structure, and directly affect the processing quality.
In this thesis, a study on the static rigidity, dynamic rigidity, and thermal deformation analysis and test verification of the five-axis turning–milling compound machine tool is reported. In addition, the relative errors of the static rigidity, dynamic rigidity, and thermal deformation space of each spatial position are analyzed, and the structure is optimized. Design. In this study, finite-element analysis was used to analyze the structural characteristics of the entire machine, and experimental modal testing methods were used to verify the vibration form and natural frequency of the five-axis turning–milling compound machine tool. The first three-order error percentages of the analysis results are 1.7%, 10.2%, and 4.2%. The static rigidity in space was explored; further, the structural deformation and spatial relative error, caused by the internal heat source of the machine, were compared. Compensation in each axis was used to improve the error caused by structural deformation. The postforce compensation range is between −3.5 and 6.4 μm, and the compensation range after thermal deformation is between −4.4 and 7.9 μm. The dynamic performance also changes with variations in spatial accuracy. The results of the dynamic rigidity of the machine were analyzed. The mode shape of each mode was the same; however, the frequency was different depending on the position. Furthermore, the rigidity of the lifting machine was improved through structural design to reduce the amount of deformation and improve the dynamic rigidity.

摘要......i
Abstract......ii
誌謝......iv
目錄......v
表目錄......vii
圖目錄......xi
符號說明......xiv
第一章 緒論......1
1.1 研究背景......1
1.2 研究目的......1
1.3 文獻回顧......2
1.4 論文大綱......7
第二章 理論基礎與實驗方法......10
2.1 模態與振動基礎理論......10
2.1.1 單自由度系統......10
2.1.2 實驗模態分析......11
2.1.3 模態重要名詞......12
2.2 有限元素簡介......13
2.2.1 有限元素重要名詞......14
2.2.2 元素理論......15
2.3 靜態平衡方程式......17
2.3.1 區域座標系統......17
2.3.2 整體座標系統......18
2.4 熱傳遞原理......20
2.4.1 熱傳導......21
2.4.2 熱對流......21
2.4.3 熱傳方程式......22
2.5 實驗設備......22
2.5.1 車銑複合工具機介紹......22
2.5.2 ANSYS......23
2.5.3 衝擊鎚......24
2.5.4 加速規......25
2.5.5 頻譜分析儀......26
2.5.6 模態分析軟體......26
2.5.7 HyperWorks......27
第三章 有限元素分析......28
3.1 有限元素模型......28
3.1.1 建立有限元素模型......28
3.1.2 材料性質......28
3.2 網格設置......29
3.2.1 網格收斂性......30
3.3 有限元素模型邊界條件設置......31
3.4 有限元素分析......31
3.4.1 靜剛性分析......31
3.4.2 模態分析......33
3.4.3 頻譜分析......34
3.4.4 暫態分析......35
3.4.5 熱變形分析......35
3.5 空間相對位置誤差分析......37
3.5.1 空間位置靜剛性分析......38
3.5.2 空間位置熱變形分析......75
3.5.3 空間位置模態分析......113
第四章 實驗模態分析驗證......121
4.1 模態實驗......121
4.1.1 點位分布......122
4.1.2 敲擊試驗......126
4.1.3 結構自然頻率......128
4.2 分析與實驗驗證......131
第五章 結構設計改善......133
5.1 結構優化設計......133
5.1.1 拓樸優化......134
5.1.2 變更結構設計......134
5.1.3 優化前後比較......135
5.2 結構補強設計......137
5.2.1 原始設計......137
5.2.2 變更設計......139
5.2.3 變更前後比較......141
第六章 結論與未來展望......144
6.1 結論......144
6.2 未來展望......145
參考文獻......146
Extended Abstract......149

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