河川底泥(river sediment)富含重金屬等污染物，重金屬應用於一般混凝土材料等將會影響水化反應與材料結構，使得底泥資源化受到許多限制。本研究首先建立河川底泥之循環材料篩選機制，嘗試找出最適再利用之底泥粒徑範圍及替代原料途徑，並藉由田口實驗設計法歸納底泥作為無機多孔性材料替代原料之最適參數配比。進一步與二氧化鈦光觸媒結合製成無機多孔性光催化材料，嘗試使其漂浮於水面降解液相有機污染物，期以拓展無機多孔性材料之應用途徑。
循環材料篩選機制結果顯示，典寶溪底泥具有粒徑細(以0.053~0.42 mm為主)、重金屬含量低、矽含量高、卜作嵐活性低等特性，適合替代矽質材料進行再利用。後續以田口實驗設計法歸納底泥替代二氧化矽製成無機多孔性材料之最適配比為底泥替代量30 wt.%、鋁粉添加量0.25 wt.%、水固比0.7 L/kg及水泥添加量15 wt.%；製成之無機多孔性試體具有高表面積及低密度等特性，適合為漂浮型光催化材料之載體使用。甲基橙降解實驗結果得知，本研究製備之無機多孔性光催化材料可達60.61%降解率，且二次降解率仍達53.04%，顯示此無機多孔性光催化材料具有降解液相有機污染物之可行性及循環使用之潛力。

River sediment is rich in pollutants such as heavy metals, the application of heavy metals contaminated river sediment in concrete could adversely affect the hydration process, which would limit the resource utilization of river sediment. This study establishes a recycling material selection procedure for river sediment, and then summarizes the optimal parameter of river sediment for utilixation in inorganic porous materials using Taguchi method. Photocatalytic activity of the water-floating photocatalyst composed of TiO2 deposited on the inorganic porous material made from river sediment was further investigated.
Results of the recycling material selection procedure show that Dianbao River sediment has the characteristics of fine particle size (mainly 0.053~0.42 mm), low heavy metal content, high silicon content, and low pozolanic activity. It was found to be suitable for utilization in siliceous materials. Subsequently, the optimal parameter of river sediment for utilixation in inorganic porous materials using the Taguchi method is 30 wt.% of sediment replacement, 0.25 wt.% of aluminum powder, 0.7 L/kg of water-to-solid ratio, and cement addition 15 wt.%. The prepared inorganic porous specimen has the characteristics of high surface area and low density, and is suitable for use as a carrier for water-floating photocatalytic materials. Furthermore, the degradation rate of of methyl orange using inorganic porous photocatalytic material made from river sediment reaches the maximum value of 60.61%, and the secondary degradation rate is still 53.04%, indicating that the inorganic porous photocatalytic material made from river sediment can effectively degrade liquid-phase organic pollution.

摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 X
第一章 前言 1
1.1 研究緣起 1
1.2 研究目的 2
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2.1 河川底泥之基本特性 3
2.1.1 河川底泥之產生途徑 3
2.1.2 底泥粒徑分布與重金屬吸附特性 4
2.1.3 底泥重金屬污染來源、危害及特性 5
2.1.4 河川底泥整治工法及再利用 11
2.2 多孔性材料 17
2.2.1 多孔性材料發展 17
2.2.2 製程原理 19
2.2.3 廢棄物作為多孔性材料替代原料之應用 20
2.3 重金屬對水化反應影響 22
2.3.1 水泥之水化反應 22
2.3.2 重金屬對水化反應之影響 26
2.4 多孔性光催化材料 28
2.4.1 光催化原理 28
2.4.2 二氧化鈦光觸媒 30
2.4.3 漂浮型光催化材料 31
2.5 田口實驗設計法 35
2.5.1 田口法實驗規劃 36
2.5.2 田口法直交表 38
2.5.3 田口法實驗數據分析 39
第三章 研究材料、設備與方法 41
3.1 研究概要與流程 41
3.2 研究材料與設備 44
3.2.1 底泥樣品採集 44
3.2.2 實驗試藥 45
3.2.3 實驗設備 45
3.3 研究與分析方法 46
3.3.1 循環材料篩選機制 46
3.3.2 田口法設計底泥添加比例與漿體配比 46
3.3.3 漿體製備過程與高壓蒸氣養護程序 48
3.3.4 多孔性光催化材料製作與污染物降解實驗 49
3.3.5 分析方法 51
第四章 結果與討論 56
4.1 底泥基本特性分析 56
4.1.1 底泥樣品性質 56
4.1.2 重金屬含量 58
4.1.3 循環材料篩選機制 67
4.2 田口法製備無機多孔性材料之探討 70
4.2.1 抗壓強度試驗結果分析 70
4.2.2 密度試驗結果分析 74
4.3 底泥製備無機多孔性材料之最適配比探討 78
4.3.1 鋁粉添加量及底泥替代量對無機多孔性材料之性能影響 78
4.3.2 不同底泥替代量對無機多孔性材料結構之影響 84
4.4 無機多孔性光催化材料之探討 88
4.4.1 無機多孔性光催化材料表面特性分析 88
4.4.2 光觸媒固定方式對無機多孔性光催化材料含浸量之影響 91
4.4.3 無機多孔性光催化材料降解率試驗 93
第五章 結論與建議 101
5.1 結論 101
5.2 建議 103
參考文獻 104

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