調查台灣職業棒球比賽場地，發現目前並無球場使用LED為照明燈具，大部分以傳統式氣體放電燈為主，其缺點高耗能及壽命短。由於近年全球提倡環保節能，使用LED燈源照明逐漸取代傳統燈源照明，成為照明不可或缺的元件之一；在國外棒球場已有少數棒球場使用LED照明燈具，但其燈具採用陣列模組的方式，大量使用LED光源顆數，來解決光型照度不足或不均勻，並沒有解決降低能源等問題，造成LED無法完全取代傳統式照明燈具。
　　本研究主要針對棒球場外野區設計以LED為光源之棒球場專用照明燈具，使用solidworks建模軟體，建立3D棒球場環境，再配合LightTools光學模擬軟體，模擬照明燈具在棒球場上之光線路徑，來克服遠距照射及面積範圍大之課題，設計出非對稱配光曲線之透鏡，完成光學結構，再將燈具配光曲線匯入至DIALux照明設計軟體，分析燈具模組位置及旋轉方向，配合光型均勻堆疊設計，減少LED使用數量，讓每顆LED都能發揮最佳功效，且使LED照明燈具之平均照度及照度均勻度符合JIS Z 9120-1995職業比賽等級之標準，並達到降低50%能源成本。希望研究之設計方法與成果，未來能取代台灣目前職棒所用的傳統式照明燈具，或延伸至廣域面積之照明場所。

　　An investigation of Taiwan's professional baseball game venues found that no light emitting diodes (LEDs) were used as stadium lighting fixtures. Most lights used were traditional gas discharge lamps with high energy consumption and short lives. Because environmental protection and energy conservation have been heavily promoted globally in recent years, the use of LED lighting has gradually replaced traditional lighting and become indispensable. A few foreign baseball stadiums use LED lighting fixtures, but their lamps use array modules. In the group mode, numerous LED light sources are used to solve the problem of insufficient or uneven illumination. However, this practice neither reduces energy consumption nor completely replaces the traditional lighting fixtures.
　　This study focuses on the design of LED-source lighting fixtures specifically for baseball fields. Solidworks modeling software will create a 3D baseball field environment in which LightTools optical simulation software will simulate the lighting fixture paths on the baseball field. The problems of long-range illumination and large areas can be overcome by designing a lens with an asymmetric light distribution curve and complete optical structure. Importing the light distribution curve of the lamp into DIALux lighting design software allows the position and rotation direction of the lamp module to be analyzed. The light-shaped uniform stacking design reduces the number of LEDs used, so that each LED can exert its optimal effect. The average illumination and illumination uniformity of the LED lighting fixtures meet the standard of the JIS Z 9120-1995 professional competition level and reduce energy costs by 50%. In the future, it is hoped that LED lighting can replace the traditional lighting fixtures currently used in professional baseball fields in Taiwan, or be extended to wide-area lighting.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
誌謝 IV
目錄 V
表目錄 VIII
圖目錄 XI
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 3
1.3 文獻回顧 7
1.3.2 遠距大面積照明 8
1.3.3 棒球場照明 10
1.4 論文架構與流程 14
第二章 相關名詞介紹與法規 16
2.1名詞介紹 16
2.1.1 光通量(Luminous flux) 16
2.1.2 照度(Illuminance) 16
2.1.3 發光強度(Luminous intensity) 16
2.1.4 光束角(Beam angle) 16
2.1.5 色溫(Color temperature) 17
2.1.6 發光效率(Luminous efficacy) 17
2.1.7 COB LED 18
2.2 棒球場照明相關法規 19
2.2.1 日本工業規格JIS Z 9120-1995 19
2.2.2 英國標準BS EN 12193:2007 23
2.2.3 台灣運動場地設施規範參考手冊 24
2.2.4 中國規範JGJ 153-2016 24
2.2.5 北美照明工程學會IES RP-6-15 26
2.2.6 法規統整及說明 27
第三章 研究方法 29
3.1 研究流程 29
3.2 模擬軟體介紹 31
3.2.1 Solidworks 31
3.2.2 光學模擬軟體LightTools 31
3.2.3 照明模擬軟體DIALux 31
3.3 燈具設計 32
3.3.1 選擇光源 32
3.3.2 透鏡設計 33
3.3.3 非對稱配光曲線 37
3.3.4 單盞燈具規劃 40
3.4棒球場虛擬環境建立及量測點架設 41
3.4.1 棒球場地大小 41
3.4.2 燈具架設位置及燈桿數量評估 43
3.4.3 燈具照度量測位置 44
3.5燈具架設模擬及參數調整方式 45
第四章 研究結果與討論 47
4.1 燈具設計探討 47
4.1.1 透鏡A模擬結果 50
4.1.2 透鏡B模擬結果 51
4.1.3 透鏡C模擬結果 53
4.1.4 透鏡D模擬結果 55
4.1.5 透鏡設計結果探討 56
4.2 第一階段燈具配置及控制參數探討 59
4.2.1 架設於30m高之模擬分析 63
4.2.2 架設於35m高之模擬分析 68
4.2.3 架設於40m高之模擬分析 72
4.2.4 架設於45m高之模擬分析 76
4.2.5 燈具高度差異分析結果比較 81
4.3 第二階段燈具架設模擬及探討 82
4.3.1 燈具數量確實架設之模擬結果 83
4.4 模擬結果比較與探討 86
第五章 結論及未來展望 89
5.1 結論 89
5.2 未來研究及發展 90
參考文獻 91

[1] 黃孟嬌，“由全球照明產業轉變，看市場發展趨勢與挑戰”，台灣綠色產業報告，經濟部推動綠色貿易專案辦公室，2018，3月。
[2] 壹讀，“發光二極體燈具優缺點”，https://read01.com/。
[3] GigaTera，http://www.gigateraled.com/en/。
[4] A. S. Deepa Ramane, “Optimization of multi-element LED source for uniform illumination of plane surface”, Optical Society of America, 2011.
[5] A. e. A. S. Teh Yen Chin, Prabakaran Poopalan, “Apparent Uniform of Light Emission from Multiple Spot Sources”, IEEE 4th International Conference on Photonics, pp. 297-299, 19 December 2013.
[6] M. A. K. Moiseev, S. V. Doskolovich, L. L., “Design of efficient LED optics with two free-form surfaces”, Opt Express, vol. 22 Suppl 7, pp. A1926-35, Dec 15 2014.
[7] W. J. Liu Jie, Chang Jifeng, Jin Qiang, Zhou Hongping, “Energy Saving Reform of the Gymnasium’s Lighting System with LED”, China Illuminating Engineering Journal, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 33-37, 2015.
[8] R. N. S. Youngworth, José Sasian, Jose Ryu, Jieun, “Tolerancing a lens for LED uniform illumination”, p. 15, 2017.
[9] 簡國祥，“超高功率LED球場燈具”，工業材料雜誌，364期，頁103，2017，4月。
[10] S. G. Cheng Shiyou, Pan Feiyue, “The optical system design of floodlight based on green lighting”, China Illuminating Engineering Journal, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 126-132, 2017.
[11] A. K. Djuretic, Miomir, “Actual energy savings when replacing high-pressure sodium with LED luminaires in street lighting”, Energy, vol. 157, pp. 367-378, 2018.
[12] H. J. K. Cao Yueyang, Joon Seop Kwak, “Development of Secondary Aspheric Lens with Same Intensity of Illumination According to the Installation Height of LED Floodlight”, China Illuminating Engineering Journal, vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 106-115, December 2013.
[13] X. H. M. Lee, I. Sun, C. C., “High-performance LED street lighting using microlens arrays”, Opt Express, vol. 21, no. 9, pp. 10612-21, May 6 2013.
[14] L. M. D. Jafrancesco, P. Sansoni, D. Fontani, F. Francini, “LED Streetlamp only with Reflection Optics”, Fotonica AEIT Italian Conference on Photonics Technologies, May 2015.
[15] R. R.-I. Sina Babadi, Tuleen Boutaleb, “An optimisation of a freeform lens design for LED street lighting”, International Conference for Students on Applied Engineering, pp. 89-92, October 2016.
[16] S. V. Kravchenko, E. V. Byzov, M. A. Moiseev, and L. L. Doskolovich, “Development of multiple-surface optical elements for road lighting”, Opt Express, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. A23-A35, Feb 20 2017.
[17] 徐可芳，林志偉，崔智宣，“光譜與光形調控應用於運動場照明設計”，工業材料雜誌，364期，頁110~120， 2017，4月。
[18] Z. Zhu, D. Ma, Q. Hu, Y. Tang, and R. Liang, “Catadioptric freeform optical system design for LED off-axis road illumination applications”, Opt Express, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. A54-A65, Jan 22 2018.
[19] S.-H. L. Sik Park Ko, Ki-Woung Yun, Jong-Hwa Lee, Byoung-Sung Han, “A Comparative of Illumination Distribution according to the Arrangement of Sports Lighting 4 and 8 Pole in the Noncanopy Stadium”, 한국전기전자재료학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집, pp. 1224-1226, 2003.
[20] 楊慈龍，“棒球場照明設計”，光源與照明，3期，頁1~3，2007，9月。
[21] 伊東聡，“野球場の照明設備について”，電氣設備學會誌，30卷，7期，頁525~528，2010，7月。
[22] K. W. Houser, M. Wei, and M. P. Royer, “Illuminance Uniformity of Outdoor Sports Lighting," Leukos, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 221-235, 2011.
[23] J. F. Hui Xiao, Ping Zhu, Qi Kang, “Application of Genetic Algorithms in Football Field Lighting for Energy-saving”, The 26th Chinese Control and Decision Conference, pp. 664-669, 2014.
[24] W. S. Sun, C. L. Tien, C. H. Tsuei, and J. W. Pan, “Simulation and comparison of the illuminance, uniformity, and efficiency of different forms of lighting used in basketball court illumination”, Appl Opt, vol. 53, no. 29, pp. H186-94, Oct 10 2014.
[25] I. Y. Alexis Polycarpou, Nicholas Christofides, “Comparison of MH and LED Performance for Sport Lighting Application”, 10th Mediterranean Conference on Power Generation Transmission Distribution and Energy Conversion MedPower, 2016.
[26] 國立台灣體育運動大學，“我國舉辦國際賽事及職業棒球潛力場地調查研究期末報告”，教育部體育屬，2017，1月。
[27] R. A. Mangkuto, A. P. Rachman, A. G. Aulia, A. D. Asri, and M. Rohmah, “Assessment of pitch floodlighting and glare condition in the Main Stadium of Gelora Bung Karno, Indonesia”, Measurement, vol. 117, pp. 186-199, 2018.
[28] Wikipedi，https://zh.wikipedia.org。
[29] 夏俊峰，“談談光束角”，https://kknews.cc/zh-tw/news/3x8vqxo.html，2013。
[30] LEDinside，“LED產業照明專業術語與測光公式”，2007，https://www.ledinside.com.tw/knowledge/20071025-1023.html。
[31] JIS Z 9120-1995, “Lighting for outdoor tennis courts and outdoor baseball fields”, Japanese Industrial Standards.
[32] BS EN 12193:2007, “Light and lighting —Sports lighting”, British Standard.
[33] 戴遐齡，“運動場地設施規範參考手冊”，行政院體育委員會，2008。
[34] JGJ 153-2016，“體育場館照明設計及檢測標準”，中華人民共和國行業標準。
[35] IES RP-6-15, “Sports and Recreational Area Lighting”, Illuminating Engineering Society.
[36] CREE，https://www.cree.com/。
[37] 林華韋，王瓊霞，黃彥翔，“我國舉辦國際賽事及職業棒球潛力場地調查研究報告-澄清湖棒球場”，教育部體育屬。