臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究利用RGB色彩辨識建立農藥殘留檢測系統以及番茄成熟度，農藥殘留檢測系統用樹莓派開發板再搭配乙醯膽鹼酯酶(Acetylcholinesterase)檢測法，檢測試劑由吾酶土生物科技購買，並用樹莓派專用電池組供電建構一台充電式的可攜式儀器，番茄成熟度則是用樹莓派開發板再搭配Opencv影像辨識系統辨識番茄。
農藥殘留檢測系統使用Python來編寫程式碼，並搭配Qt Designer來設計界面及picamera做影像處理。番茄成熟度一樣是用python來編碼程式碼，並用Opencv及picamera捕捉番茄，在畫面上繪製番茄的外框及外框內測到的RGB值。利用3D列印製作農藥殘留檢測內部所使用的器材平台，藉由123D design軟體設計3D圖，之後用Cura軟體將檔案輸出成G-Code檔，就可列印成品，這項技術將儀器成本大幅價低。
本研究中發現農藥殘留檢測系統會因LED亮度影響到檢測數據的準確度，並增加照度器來確定目前內部亮度是否有維持在1.53Lux，增加計時三分鐘後開始測驗按鈕以及震盪機構混合比色皿內的試劑，以利每次實驗條件一致，為了確保每次量測數據的準確，每次所使用的農藥皆為當天調製，以避免衰退所造成誤差，並觀察0~5ppm農藥的B值對時間積分趨勢。番茄成熟度檢測是透過我們所設定HSV的範圍顏色來找到影像內的番茄，並沿著番茄的邊緣繪製邊框並檢測框內的R值，利用R值來判斷番茄是否成熟。

This study uses RGB color recognition to establish a pesticide residue detection system and tomato maturity. The pesticide residue detection system uses a Raspberry Pi development board and matches the Acetylcholinesterase detection method. The detection reagents are purchased by Wumeitu Biotech. The Raspberry Pi special battery pack is used to construct a rechargeable portable instrument. The tomato maturity is based on the Raspberry Pi development board and the Opencv image recognition system to identify tomatoes.
The pesticide residue detection system uses Python to write code, and Qt Designer to design the interface and picamera to do image processing. The tomato maturity is also coded with python, and the tomato is captured with Opencv and picamera, and the outer frame of the tomato and the RGB value measured in the outer frame are drawn on the screen.
Use 3D printing to make the equipment platform used in pesticide residue detection, design 3D drawings with 123D design software, and then use Cura software to output the files into G-Code files, and then the finished products can be printed. This technology greatly increases the cost of the instrument. Low price.
In this study, it is found that the pesticide residue detection system will affect the accuracy of the detection data due to the brightness of the LED, and an illuminator is added to determine whether the current internal brightness is maintained at 1.53Lux, and the test button and the vibration mechanism are mixed and colorimetric after adding the timer for three minutes. The reagents in the dish are consistent with the conditions of each experiment. In order to ensure the accuracy of the measurement data each time, the pesticides used each time are prepared on the same day to avoid errors caused by decay, and observe the B value of 0~5ppm pesticides Integrate the trend over time. Tomato ripeness detection is to find the tomatoes in the image through the color of the HSV set by us, draw a border along the edge of the tomato and detect the R value in the frame, and use the R value to determine whether the tomato is mature.

摘要.....i
Abstract........ii
誌謝....iv
目錄.....v
表目錄...vii
圖目錄...viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 樹莓派（Raspberry Pi）簡介...1
1.2 農藥殘留快速檢測技術簡介......2
1.3 研究動機.... 3
第二章 文獻探討...4
2.1 乙醯膽鹼與乙醯膽鹼酯酶........4
2.2常見的有機磷殺蟲劑及中毒症狀 4
2.3OpenCV介紹....5
第三章 環境建置與實驗方法..6
3.1 實驗架構與程式流程圖..6
3.1.1 農藥殘留檢測實驗架構流程圖...6
3.1.2 農藥殘留檢測程式流程圖.......7
3.1.3番茄成熟度檢測程式流程圖......8
3.1.4 農藥殘留檢測及番茄成熟度檢測程式GUI界面.....9
3.2 安裝函式庫...10
3.2.1 更新樹莓派....10
3.2.2 安裝PyQt5 函式庫.....11
3.2.3 樹莓派藍芽套件Pybluez安裝及設定......13
3.3 硬體架構設計與組裝.....16
3.3.1 農藥殘留檢測及番茄成熟度檢測3D架構設計.......16
3.3.2 農藥殘留檢測硬體組裝及番茄成熟度檢測硬體......17
3.4 農藥殘留檢測影像監測及番茄成熟度檢測程式說明.....18
3.4.1 攝影機設定.....18
3.4.2 顯示影像.......19
3.4.3 規畫監測範圍........19
3.4.4取得平均RGB值........20
3.4.5 環境光感測程式.......21
3.5 番茄成熟度檢測程式說明.........22
3.5.1 顏色抓取範圍設定.........22
3.5.2 篩選顏色範圍外顏色、影像侵蝕及膨脹操作..........22
3.5.3 畫框及取得RGB平均值...........23
3.6 農藥殘留檢測實驗原理與流程.......24
3.6.1 乙醯膽鹼酯酶農藥殘留檢測原理..24
3.6.2 各標準濃度農藥樣品液調配....25
3.6.3 農藥殘留檢測試劑調配........27
3.6.4 標準農藥殘留檢測流程........28
3.6.5 原先自配農藥殘留檢測流程....29
3.6.6 改良後自配農藥殘留檢測流程..30
第四章 結果與討論.....31
4.1 農藥檢測藥劑保存方式...31
4.2 更換比色皿固定座進行空瓶RGB檢測.....33
4.3 增加光感測器確認內部亮度....35
4.4 番茄成熟度檢測辨識色卡結果及檢測大番茄..51
4.5 模擬室內與室外檢測番茄情形....54
第五章 結論.....56
參考文獻..57
附錄一...58
農藥殘留檢測使用零件表....58
番茄成熟度檢測使用零件表..58
Extended Abstract.......59

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